廣州深圳新牛津版教材七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit-4知識(shí)點(diǎn)小結(jié)

Unit 4 Save the trees 知識(shí)點(diǎn)小結(jié)1.Discuss the importance of trees. 討論樹(shù)木的重要性。1）discuss及物動(dòng)詞，意為“討論，談?wù)摗?。We should discuss the problem face to face.我們應(yīng)該面對(duì)面地討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。I have something important to discuss with you.我有要事與你商談。2）importance不可數(shù)名詞，意為“重要性”，其前面加定冠詞the。the importance of意為“的重要性”。Do you know the importance of salt? 你知道鹽的重要性嗎？2.If I plant this seed in the ground, will it become a pear tree, Hi? 如果我把這粒種子種在地里，它會(huì)長(zhǎng)成一棵梨樹(shù)嗎，Hi？If引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意為“如果”。條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件，有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生就會(huì)有主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。復(fù)合句一般都要遵循主、從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)律。1）主句（包括祈使句和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must等的句子）用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。You must see a doctor if you are ill.如果你生病了，你必須去看醫(yī)生。2）如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。即“主將從現(xiàn)”。We will go out if it is fine tomorrow.如果明天天氣好，我們就出去。助記：if條件句不一般，幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)記心間。條件句放在前，逗號(hào)要放句中間。條件句表事實(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；條件句表可能，主將從現(xiàn)要牢記。The children will climb the hill if it _tomorrow.A. wont rain B. didnt rain C. isnt raining D. doesnt rain解析：在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中，主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。句意：如果明天不下雨，孩子們將去爬山。3.They help fight against pollution. 他們幫助與污染作斗爭(zhēng)。1）fight不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“與作斗爭(zhēng)”。常與介詞against或with連用。They fought against the enemy fiercely.他們猛烈地還擊敵人。She was always fighting with her neighbours about the fence.她和他的鄰居總是為了柵欄的事?tīng)?zhēng)吵。拓展：fight及物動(dòng)詞，意為“戰(zhàn)斗；反對(duì)”，可直接跟賓語(yǔ)。They fought their enemies bravely.他們勇敢殺敵。2）against介詞，意為“反對(duì)”。其反義詞是for，意為“支持，擁護(hù)”。一言辯異：Are you against or for the plan? 你是反對(duì)還是支持這個(gè)計(jì)劃？拓展：against介詞，還可意為“違背，違抗；緊靠；防備”。Its against your promise to go on smoking. 繼續(xù)抽煙，這違背了你的諾言。We take our umbrella just against a rainy day. 我們帶上雨傘以防雨天。4.They provide us with wood, fruit, etc. 它們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┠静摹⒐麑?shí)等。provide及物動(dòng)詞，意為“提供；供應(yīng)；供給”。provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.意為“為某人提供某物”。Sheep provide us with wool.= Sheep provide wool for us.綿羊?yàn)槲覀兲峁┭蛎?.The lives of trees. 樹(shù)的生命。Lives是life的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“生命”In the earthquake, many people lost their lives.在地震中，許多人失去了生命。6.They help us in many ways. 它們?cè)谠S多方面幫助我們。in many ways意為“在許多方面”。Way作可數(shù)名詞，可意為“方面；方式；道理”。Do it (in) your own way.按你自己的方法做吧。Its the best way of studying/to study English. 這是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的最好方法。The little girl asked me the way to the park. 小女孩問(wèn)我去公園的路。7.They take in harmful gases from the air and produce oxygen for us to breathe. 它們從空氣中吸收有害的氣體，產(chǎn)生供我們呼吸的氧氣。1）take in意為“吸收”。On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there. 周末，史密斯一家常驅(qū)車(chē)到農(nóng)村去呼吸那里的新鮮空氣。2）harmful形容詞，意為“有害的”。 Be harmful to意為“對(duì)有危害”。Its harmful to your eyes to read in the bus. 在公共汽車(chē)上看書(shū)對(duì)你的眼睛有害。Smoking is harmful to ones health. 吸煙有害健康。3）provide及物動(dòng)詞，意為“產(chǎn)生；生產(chǎn)”，接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。What does the farm produce? 這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)什么？The factory produces 1,000 cars a month. 這家工廠每月生產(chǎn)1000輛汽車(chē)。拓展：produce 不可數(shù)名詞，意為“產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品”。He took the produce of his garden to the market every Sunday. 他每周日把菜園的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品送到市場(chǎng)上賣(mài)掉。8.In fact, we get a lot more from trees. 確切地說(shuō)，我們從樹(shù)木中得到更多。1）in fact意為“（補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)）確切地說(shuō)；（強(qiáng)調(diào)）事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”。I used to live in France; in fact, not far from where you are going. 我曾在法國(guó)住過(guò)；確切地說(shuō)，離你要去的地方不遠(yuǎn)。In fact, I didnt go home last night. 事實(shí)上，我昨晚沒(méi)有回家。根據(jù)中文提示完成句子，沒(méi)空一詞。_ _（事實(shí)上），he is afraid of making speech in public.解析：由漢語(yǔ)提示可知填入In fact，意為“事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”。答案： In fact2) a lot more意為“更多”，a lot可放在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)之前，表示程度，意為“很，非?！薄e is feeling a lot better. 他感覺(jué)好多了。9.A lot of the furniture is made of wood.許多家具是由木頭制成的。Be made of意為“由制成”。My desk is made of mood. 我的課桌是由木頭制成的。辨析：be made of與be made fromBe made of 從產(chǎn)品中能看到原材料；制作過(guò)程中發(fā)生了物理變化Be make from 從產(chǎn)品中看不出原材料；制作過(guò)程中發(fā)生了化學(xué)變化The house are made of wood. 這些房子是由木頭做成的。Wine is make from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。助記：物質(zhì)不變用of，物質(zhì)變化from。Do you believe that paper is made _ wood?Yes, I do. And you can see that books are made _ paper.A. from; from B. from; of C. of; from D. of; of解析：be made of與be made from都意為“由制成”。 Be made from后的原材料不能從產(chǎn)品中看出，be made of后的原材料能從產(chǎn)品中看出。答案：B10.I cant imagine a world without trees. 我不能想象沒(méi)有樹(shù)的世界。Imagine動(dòng)詞，意為“想象，想到”。后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或賓語(yǔ)從句。I cant imagine what had happened. 我無(wú)法想象出了什么事。Can you imagine who is knocking at our door outside? 你能想到是誰(shuí)在外面敲我們的門(mén)嗎？The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life. Can you _ a life without it?A. understand B. imagine C. consider D. expect解析：understand“理解”，imagine“想像”；consider“考慮”；expect“盼望”。由第一句“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與我們的日常生活如此密切相關(guān)”推知，第二句句意為“你能想象沒(méi)有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的生活嗎？”答案：B11.But we cut down millions of trees every year. 但是我們每年砍伐數(shù)以百計(jì)的樹(shù)木。1）cut down意為“砍伐；砍倒”。Dont cut down the tree that gives you shade. 遮陰之樹(shù)不可砍。2）millions of意為“大量的；數(shù)以百計(jì)的”。當(dāng)表示一個(gè)籠統(tǒng)的概念時(shí)，hundred，thousand，million，billion等詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且與介詞of連用修飾名詞。Millions of visitors came here last year. 去年大量的客人來(lái)這里。He has read hundreds of books. 他已讀過(guò)數(shù)百本書(shū)。Did you know that the Earth is home to _ animal?A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of解析：當(dāng)表示不確定數(shù)目時(shí)，用millions of，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；表示確切數(shù)目時(shí)，million前面有數(shù)詞修飾，用單數(shù)，排除A項(xiàng)。答案：D12.However 然而However副詞，意為“然而；不過(guò)”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。You may, however, set off a little earlier. 然而你們可以早一點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。辨析：however和butHowever 副詞；可位于句首、句中、句末；必須用逗號(hào)與句中分開(kāi)。But 連詞；位于句首或句中；后來(lái)連接一個(gè)句子時(shí)無(wú)需用逗號(hào)。This book is cheap, however, its very useful. 這本書(shū)便宜，然而，它很有用。He often eats only a little, but he doesnt feel hungry. 他經(jīng)常吃得很少卻不感到餓。13.use to do sth. 意為“用來(lái)做”，其中動(dòng)詞不定式to do sth.表示目的或用途。He uses the bottle to keep water. 他用瓶子來(lái)裝水。You could use a big bag to carry the books. 你可以用一個(gè)大袋子裝書(shū)。14.We are having fun at the beach. 我們正在海灘上玩的高興。1）have fun意為“玩得高興，玩得愉快”，相當(dāng)于enjoy oneself或have a good time。 Have fun中的fun是不可數(shù)名詞，可用a lot of修飾。We have fun in the park. 我們?cè)诠珗@里玩得開(kāi)心。You are sure to have fun at the party. 在聚會(huì)上你一定會(huì)玩得高興。2）at the beach意為“在海灘上”，不僅指在海灘上，也可指海灘有淺水的地方。The boat stopped at the beach. 小船停在海灘上。15.on the beach意為“在海灘上”，指的是海灘上無(wú)水的地方（陸地）。I like lying on the beach to relax. 我喜歡躺在沙灘上放松。16.on the phone意為“在打電話，在電話中”，與by phone同義。介詞on表示“通過(guò)某種方式”。We talk on the phone. 我們用電話交談。Lets talk about it on the phone. 我們?cè)陔娫捓镎務(wù)摪伞?7.She can skate at a very high speed because she practise a lot. 她能以非?？斓乃俣然?，因?yàn)樗?jīng)常訓(xùn)練。1) at a very high speed意為“以非?？斓乃俣取盩he car is running at a very high speed.汽車(chē)正急速向前行駛。2) practise及物動(dòng)詞，意為“訓(xùn)練；練習(xí)”。賓語(yǔ)可以是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。You must practise speaking English every day. 你必須每天練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。She practise playing the piano every morning. 她每天早晨練習(xí)彈鋼琴。拓展：practice 不可數(shù)名詞，意為“練習(xí)”，指經(jīng)常性或系統(tǒng)的重復(fù)練習(xí)。在美式英語(yǔ)中，practice也可作動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于英式英語(yǔ)中的practise。Playing the piano needs a lot of practice. 彈奏鋼琴需要多加練習(xí)。Why dont you join an English club to practise speaking English? 你為什么不參加英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部練習(xí)口語(yǔ)呢?Tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show.I think so. He practices _it every day.A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays解析：practice后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞形式，不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式，因此選B。答案：B18.but the speaker did not stop speaking until twenty past twelve. 但是發(fā)言者直到12點(diǎn)20才停止講話。Notuntil意為“直到才.”。句子（主句）的動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，它所表示的動(dòng)作直到until所表示的時(shí)間才發(fā)生。We wont see any flowers until May. 直到五月我們才能看到花。You cannot leave until your work is finished. 在你的工作完成之前你不能離開(kāi)。拓展：until連詞，意為“直到時(shí)”。用于肯定句，句子（主句）的動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。He waits until the children are asleep. 他一直等到孩子們睡著。I shall stay here until twelve oclock. 我將待在這里一直到十二點(diǎn)鐘。Where are you going for the coming winter camp?I wont decide on the place _ the end of this month.A. until B. unless C. though D. through解析：until“直到”；unless“除非”；though“盡管”；through“通過(guò)”。由答語(yǔ)句意“直到這個(gè)月末，我才把地點(diǎn)定下來(lái)”可知until符合題意。答案：A19. dig及物動(dòng)詞，意為“挖”，其后可接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。They are digging a tunnel through the hill.他們正在挖一條貫穿這座山的隧道。We must dig the vegetable garden.我們必須把菜園挖一遍。20.another形容詞，意為“三者或三者以上的另一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”。He asked me another question.他又問(wèn)了我一個(gè)問(wèn)題。辨析：another, other, the other, others, the othersAnother 形容詞；代詞，“三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)”O(jiān)ther 形容詞“其他的，其余的”，作代詞時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The other 指兩者中的另一個(gè)，常與one連用:onethe other意為“一個(gè)另一個(gè)”O(jiān)thers 代詞，意為“其他的人或物”The others 意為“其余的人或物，表示一個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的其他全部”I dont like this one. Show me another, please.我不喜歡這個(gè)，請(qǐng)給我看看另一個(gè)。Id like to travel to other countries. 我想到別的國(guó)家旅行。He has tow daughters. One is nurse; the other is a worker. 他有兩個(gè)女兒，一個(gè)護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是工人。Some people enjoy exercise, but others dont. 有些人喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，但有些人則不喜歡。Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 兩個(gè)男孩將去動(dòng)物園，其余的待在家里。We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one?No. Can you show me _?A. another B. each other C. the other D. others解析：another意為“三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中的另一個(gè)”。句意“我們有五種書(shū)包，你洗這個(gè)嗎？”“不。你可以給我看看另一個(gè)嗎？”答案：A21.It covers five and a half million square kilometres of the Amazon Basin and spreads across nine countries. 他覆蓋了亞馬遜流域550百萬(wàn)平方千米的面積，橫穿了9個(gè)國(guó)家。Cover動(dòng)詞，意為“覆蓋，遮蓋”。Coverwith意為“用把蓋上”，be covered with意為“被覆蓋著”。Cover a glass of water with a piece of thick paper. 用一張厚紙蓋在一杯水上。The road is usually covered with snow in winter. 冬天馬路常常被雪覆蓋。拓展：cover可數(shù)名詞，意為“覆蓋物，蓋子，封面”In spring, people put covers over plants to keep them warm at night. 春天，人們晚上在植物上放置一些覆蓋物來(lái)給它們?nèi)∨he book needs a new cover. 這本書(shū)需要一個(gè)新封面。22.This is called “deforestation”. 這叫做“森林砍伐”。Be called意為“被稱作，被叫做”The outgoing girl is called Alice. 那個(gè)開(kāi)朗的女孩叫愛(ài)麗斯。23.Many living things lose their homes because of deforestation. 許多生物因?yàn)樯值目撤ナゼ覉@。Because of意為“因?yàn)椤?。The football match was put off because of the rain. 因?yàn)橄掠?，足球賽延期了。辨析：because of與becauseBecause of 介詞短語(yǔ)；其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等Because 連詞；后跟句子，是主句的直接原因He lost his job because of his age. 由于年齡關(guān)系他失去了工作。I didnt buy it because it was too expensive. 我沒(méi)有買(mǎi)它是因?yàn)樗F了。24.As a result, the number of kinds of animals, birds, insects and trees in the world is decreasing. 結(jié)果，世界上動(dòng)物、鳥(niǎo)類、昆蟲(chóng)和樹(shù)的數(shù)目正在減少。1）as a result 意為“結(jié)果，因此”。He didnt practise, and as a result he lost. 他沒(méi)有練習(xí)，因此輸了。The traffic was very happy. As a result, we didnt arrive on time. 交通十分擁擠，因?yàn)槲覀儧](méi)能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。2）the number of意為“的數(shù)量”The number of the students is our class is 50. 我們班學(xué)生的人數(shù)是50。辨析：the number of和a number ofThe number of 意為“的數(shù)量” 后街復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。常跟large,samll等詞作表語(yǔ)。A number of意為“大量；許多”相當(dāng)于many；接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；number前可加small; large; huge等表示程度。The number of the students in our school is 2,000. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)是2,000。A number of students are playing football.許多學(xué)生正在踢足球。How many students are there in your school?_the students in our school _over two thousand.A. The number of; is B. The number of; areC.A number of; isD. A number of; are解析：a number of“許多，大量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The number of“的數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。答句句意“我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的人數(shù)是兩千多”。答案：A25.We must do our best to protect the Amazon rainforest. 我們必須盡我們最大的努力來(lái)保護(hù)亞馬遜雨林。1） do ones best to do sth. 意為“盡某人最大的努力做某事”，可換成try ones best to do sth.We should do/try our best to study English. 我們要盡全力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。2）protect動(dòng)詞，意為“保護(hù)”。常與介詞from連用，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)protect sb. from sth. 意為“保護(hù)免受的傷害”。Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun. 戴墨鏡可以保護(hù)眼睛不受陽(yáng)光的照射。拓展：protectfrom中，動(dòng)詞protect所接的賓語(yǔ)是被保護(hù)的對(duì)象。Parents try to protect their children from danger as far as possible. 父母想盡量保護(hù)自己的子女免遭危險(xiǎn)。26.Tea is the most popular drink in the world besides water. 茶是世界上除了水之外最受歡迎的飲料。Besides介詞，意為“除之外（