新概念英語第二冊筆記-第81課

Lesson 81 Escape脫逃【Text】When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead mans clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.【課文翻譯】那個戰(zhàn)俘殺死衛(wèi)兵以后，迅速地把尸體拖進了灌木叢。他在黑暗中忙活了一陣兒，很快就換上了死者的衣服?，F(xiàn)在他身穿藍軍裝，肩扛步槍，在軍營門前大膽地來回走看。他聽得軍營里面的喧鬧聲。那里燈火通明，人們在東奔西跑：他們剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個俘虜跑了。 正在此時，一輛黑色大轎車在軍營門口停了下來。里面坐了4個軍官。軍官們下了車，戰(zhàn)俘立正站好，并在他們從他面前經(jīng)過時敬了禮。他們走后，汽車司機向他走來，這人顯然是想聊天。他上了年紀，有著灰白的頭發(fā)和明亮的藍眼睛。戰(zhàn)俘為他感到惋惜，但卻沒有別的選擇。當這個人走近時，戰(zhàn)俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳進車里，以最快的速度把車開走了。New words and expressions 生詞和短語blaze v. 閃耀salute v. 行禮elderly adj. 上了年紀的grey adj. 灰白的sharp adj. 猛烈的blow n. 打擊prisoner n. 囚犯bush n. 灌木叢rapidly adv. 迅速地uniform n. 制服rifle n. 來福槍，步槍shoulder n. 肩march v. 行進【生詞講解】1. prisoner （1） n. 囚犯 jailbird （2） n. 俘虜POW：a prisoner of war 戰(zhàn)俘eg：They were taken prisoner. 他們被俘prison 監(jiān)牢、監(jiān)獄 （jail） be in prison be in jail 坐牢 break prison break jail 越獄behind bard 在獄中 2. bush n. 灌木叢（比tree低而且多枝） shrub 灌木叢 ； a rose bush 薔薇叢beat around the bush beat about the bush 繞彎子說話，轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角地說話beat the bush 到處搜尋 ； bushy adj. 灌木叢生的；茂密的 3. rapidly adv. 迅速地 （反義詞slowly） speak rapidly 迅速地說 ； speak more rapidly更迅速地說rapid 1） adj. 迅速的（反義詞slow） more rapid most rapid2） adj. 快速的 、敏捷的a rapid stream 急流 ； a rapid worker 工作快速的人eg：He took a rapid glance at me . 他快速的看了我一眼。eg：Rapid progress was made. 進步很快。eg：Her thinking was rapid . 她的腦筋反應(yīng)很靈敏。rapids n. 急流apidity n. 迅速、速度 ；with rapidity 非常迅速地with astonishing rapidity 以驚人的速度4. uniform （1） n. 制服a school uniform 校服 ； in uniform 穿著制服out of uniform 穿著便服eg：All the students must wear uniforms at our school. 在我們的學(xué)校所有學(xué)生必須穿校服（2） adj. 相同的、同行的a row of uniform buildings 一排相同的的建筑eg：The boxes are uniform in weight. 相同重量的箱子（3）adj. 不變的、一定的walk at a uniform pace 以一定的步伐走路5. rifle n. 來福槍，步槍hunting rifle 獵槍； trigger 扳機barrel 桶；筒，槍(或炮)管 ； gun 槍，炮machine gun 機關(guān)槍 ；pistol 手槍hold a pistol to a persons head 拿槍舉著頭6. shoulder 1） n. 肩膀sloping shoulder斜肩 ； square shoulder平肩eg：She looked over her shoulder . 她回過頭向后看。shoulders 雙肩eg：Take the responsibility on your shoulders . 你要自己負起責任來。eg：My sons finding employment took a load off my shoulders . 我的兒子找到工作卸下我肩上的擔子。2） 肩部、路肩、肩the shoulder of a mountain 山肩the shoulder of a vase 花瓶的肩部cry on ones shoulder 向某人哭訴give someone the shoulder 冷淡地對待某人shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩shrug ones shoulders 聳肩7. march 1）v. 行進、進軍eg：The troop marched along the street . 部隊沿著街道行進eg：The mayor marched at the head of the parade . 市長走在游行隊伍的前頭。2）n. 行進、進軍a days march 一日行軍； a line of march 行軍路線3） n. 音樂進行曲a wedding march 婚禮進行曲a death march 送葬曲、哀樂 a funeral march葬禮進行曲4） n. 發(fā)展、進展the march of science 科學(xué)的進步 ； the march of time 時間流逝March 3 月 （游羅馬神話中戰(zhàn)神mars 之月而來）8. boldly adv. 大膽地、厚顏無恥bold 1） adj. 大膽的、不知害怕的、有勇氣的coward adj. 膽怯的、怯懦的timid adj. 膽怯的、羞怯的a bold idea 大膽的想法； a very bold action 大膽的行動bold to do sth 膽敢做某事It is bold of sb to do sth 某人真大膽，竟然敢做eg：Youre bold to climb that mountain alone . It is bold of you to climb that mountain alone .你真大膽竟敢獨自去爬那座山2）adj. （女性） 厚顏無恥、冒失的eg：What a bold woman she is ！多么厚顏無恥的女人！3）adj. 筆畫粗的the bold outline of a mountain 山脈清楚的輪廓as bold as brass(厚臉皮) 極其厚顏無恥的9. blaze 1）v. 燃燒、冒火焰eg：The fire blazed all day . 火燒了一整天 。eg：The noon sun blazed in the sky . 中午的太陽在天空中閃耀2）v. 發(fā)怒、激怒eg：He was blazing with anger. 他怒火中燒。3） n. 火焰、火苗eg：The fire burst into a blaze. 火燒得通紅。eg：She was rescued from the blaze. 她被從大火中救出。blazing adj. 炎熱的 a blazing sun 炙熱的太陽blazer 色彩鮮艷的運動上衣 、顏色鮮明的運動夾克 、燃燒體;發(fā)光體10. salute 1） v. 行禮、敬禮、問候或歡迎salute the flag 向旗幟敬禮2） n. 敬禮 give a salute 敬禮eg：The officer returned the sergeants salute . 軍官向中士還了禮. salutation .sljutein n. 招呼, 致敬, 問候 n. (信函開頭)稱呼語11. elderly adj. 上了年紀的an elderly gentleman 上了年紀的紳士elder 年紀較長的、年長的 older（美）ones elder brother / sister 哥哥姐姐an elder son 年紀較長的兒子12. grey 1） adj. 灰白的（gray） eg：She has gray eyes . 她有灰色的眼睛2） adj.（頭發(fā)） 灰白的 go gray grow gray 頭發(fā)變白3） adj. 陰暗的、微暗的eg：His future is gray . 他的未來是陰暗的gray weather 陰天 ； gray matter （口） 智力、頭腦 gray beard （深謀遠慮的） 老人 ； grey-haired 白發(fā)蒼蒼13. sharp 1）adj. 猛烈的、極劇的、凜冽的eg：He was attacked by a sharp pain in his stomach . 他感到胃部劇痛。a sharp wind 刺骨的寒風2） adj.（刀口等） 鋒利的、銳利的 （反義詞blunt , dull） a sharp knife 鋒利的刀3） adj. 呈銳角的、陡的eg：He made a sharp turn to the right . 他向右急轉(zhuǎn)4） adj. 尖酸、刻薄的sharp words n. 忿怒的話(激動的話) ； a sharp tongue言語尖刻5） adj. 敏銳的、靈敏的、聰明的、狡猾的反義詞 dull eg：Dogs have sharp ears . 狗有敏銳的耳朵a sharp politician 精明的政治家clever gifted 有天分的； clever talented 有才能的clever smart 伶俐的； clever sharp 精明的clever inventive 有發(fā)明才能的； clever creative 有創(chuàng)造力的clever resourceful 善于臨機應(yīng)變的sharpen. V. 削尖、使變尖銳的sharpen a pencil with a knife 用刀子削一削鉛筆sharp-eyed adj. 洞察力敏銳的sharply adv.14. blow 1） n. 打擊、毆打eg：He gave me a blow on the head . 他打在我頭上 He struck me a blow on the head .eg：I got such a blow that I fell down. 我被重重一擊而倒下。2） n. 精神上的打擊、震撼eg：My fathers death was a great blow to me . 我父親的死對我是一個很大的打擊。without striking s blow 不費吹灰之力 ； with one blow 一拳、一擊3） v.吹、刮 blow blew blown eg：It is blowing hard today. 今天風大eg：The wind blew from the north. 刮北風4） v.（風） 吹動、被風吹動eg：The wind has blown my hat off. 風把我的帽子刮走了。eg：The old tree was blown down. 這棵老樹被強風吹倒。eg：The door blew open. 門被吹開了。 eg：The door blew shut. 門吹得關(guān)上了eg：The curtain blew in the wind. 窗簾在風中飄動 。5） v. 吹氣eg：He blew on the soup to cool it. 他吹著湯為了冷卻湯eg：She blew on her cold hands. 她吹著她冰冷的雙手。blow up爆炸，(被)炸飛；充氣；大發(fā)脾氣，大怒blow out 吹滅(突然爆裂, 吹脹, 突然冒出, 燒斷)blow out a candle 吹滅蠟燭【課文講解】1. When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.drag into 拖進eg：We dragged the carpet out of the room.eg：He dragged the table into the corner.drag1) 拖，拉，扯，拽eg：He dragged the heavy box out of his room. 他把這個沉重的盒子拖出他的房間。2)（某物）在地上拖拉eg：Your coat is dragging in the mud.你的大衣拖到泥上了。3) drag（on）（乏味或惱人的事情）進行過久，拖拖拉拉eg：The film dragged terribly.這電影演得拖拖拉拉的。4) drag sb into doing sth 硬拉某人做某事eg：She had to be dragged into seeing the dentist. 她被硬拉著去看牙醫(yī)5) n.累贅的或另人討厭的人或事物eg：Walking is a drag-lets take a car.走路太費事。我們坐汽車吧。drag on sb/sth類最的人或事物eg：He loves her family, but they are a drag on his career.他熱愛他的家庭，但是家庭卻是他事業(yè)的累贅2. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead mans clothes. change into 換（衣服） eg：He changed out of his suit into jeans.change for eg：Id like to change this dress for another .for a change 換個口味 clothes 衣服，服裝 （pl.） put on ones clothes 穿衣服 ；take off ones clothes 脫衣 in ones best clothes 穿著盛裝eg：Fine clothes make the man . 馬靠鞍裝人靠衣裳。clothing 衣著、服裝 (集合名詞，指做單數(shù)，示區(qū)別于其他事物的抽象概念。)food , clothing and shelter 衣食住行 shelter elt n.掩蔽處；住所；保護 vt.庇護 vi.躲避eg：You should give all this old clothing away. 你應(yīng)該把這老款衣服丟掉。cloth （u） 布（料） ； （c）某種用途的布eg：I wanted to have a suit made so I bought three and a half yards of cloth.我想做一套西服因此買了三碼半的布料。3. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.dressed 是過去分詞，dressed in a blue uniform是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，表示穿著藍軍裝。with a rifle over his shoulder, with表示伴隨情況，介詞短語作伴隨狀語march 一般用于指部隊“行軍”、“行進”，但在這里它表示“（威風凜凜/從容不迫地）走”或“迅速地走”：eg: Jane marched out of the room without saying a word. 簡一言未發(fā)，快步走出了房問。up and down1）上上下下eg：The boys went up and down the stone steps. 男孩子們在石階上上下下走著。2） 來來去去eg：He restlessly walked up and down the hall. 他不安地在大廳走來走去。eg：She wandered up and down the street. 她在馬路上來回的溜跶。4. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there. lights were blazing 燈火通明here and there 到處、四處eg：He walked here and there not knowing what to do . 他到處亂轉(zhuǎn)不知該如何是好。here and now 立刻eg：I must be paid here and now. 我要求現(xiàn)在就付錢給我。5. They had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates.stop at 在停下來stop in stop by 逗留于、留在 ； pay sb a short visit drop in on drop by 順便來訪, 非正式訪問6. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.stand to attention 立正 come to attention vi. 采取立正姿勢eg：Attention ！立正 eg：Attention , please ！ 請注意！（有事奉告） ；eg：Stand at ease ！ 稍息 stand at attention / ease 立正/稍息salute 敬禮eg：The soldier saluted smartly. 那個士兵行禮很有精神take the salute 還禮、接受敬禮區(qū)別： greet 歡迎、迎接、打招呼eg：He went to the station to greet his friend. 他去到車站迎接他的朋友。7. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.clear1）adj. 清澈的、透明的eg：The water in the stream was very clear . 溪流里的水很清澈 stream stri:m n.小河，溪流；流， v.涌流(出)a girl with clear eyes.有著清澈眼神的女孩子2）adj. 明了的、易了解的 a clear voice 清晰可辨的聲音eg：His instructions were very clear . 他講述的條理（教學(xué)(導(dǎo))）非常清楚。3） adj. 無障礙的a clear space 空地 ； a clear view 開放的視野eg：We can cross now. The road is clear. 路上沒車了，我們可以過馬路了。4） adj. 明朗的、無云的 on a clear day 晴朗的一天5） adj. 問心無愧的，無罪的 a clear conscience 清白的良心6） v. 收拾、清除 eg：Clear the rubbish, please. 請收拾垃圾。clear a desk 清除書桌； clear up 天空放晴eg：The sky cleared up just after the rain. 雨后天空開始放晴clear out 收拾（房間）；整理 ； eg: Clear out old clothes 清除舊衣服clearance n. 收拾、整理 ； clearance sale 清理大甩賣clear-headed adj. 頭腦清晰的8. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do.he could do是定語從句，修飾nothing else, 沒有什么能做的事情，表示他無能為力，沒有別的辦法。9. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.jump 跳、蹦、躍1） v. 向跳、躍eg：He jumped up.jump down from the roof . 從屋頂上跳下來jump into a bus 跳上一輛公共汽車jump aside vi. 跳開(閃開) ； jump for joy 歡欣鼓舞, 高興得跳起來jump to ones feet 跳起來jump at 欣然答應(yīng)eg：He jumped at my offer . 他欣然接受我的提議jump to conclusions 草率下結(jié)論2）n. 跳、跳躍the high jump 跳高 ； the long jump the broad jump跳遠the pole jump 撐竿跳3）n. 心跳 give a person a jump 使.嚇一跳be one jump ahead stay one jump ahead 搶先一步drive off drive away 開走drive sb to do sth 迫使某人去做eg：Poverty drove him to steal. 貧窮逼得他去偷竊。drive sb mad 逼得某人發(fā)瘋eg：The death of her son drove her mad . 她兒子的死亡把她逼瘋了。eg：Failure drove him to suicide. 失敗逼得他自殺。drive at 想說，打算eg：What are you driving at ？ 你到底想說什么？6. come towards sb7. feel sorry for sb8. knock sb to the ground9. drive off 10. as quickly as he could【關(guān)鍵詞組摘錄】1. drag sb into sp 2. change into3. up and down4. at that moment 5. stand to attention【Key structures：介詞at / in / to / with 】drag into 拖入 ； change into變成, 改穿 ； jump into 跳進里be dressed in 穿著at that moment 就在那時 ； stop at the camp gates 停在軍營門口a man with grey hair 頭發(fā)灰白的男子a car with four officers 一輛里面坐了4個軍官a man with a