2_ANPS__標準作業(yè)_(簡體字).ppt

StandardWork標準作業(yè),StandardWork標準作業(yè)WhatisStandardWork何謂標準作業(yè),Definition定義AStandardWorkisacombinationofmen,materialsandmachinetocarryoutproductioninamaximallyefficientway.標準作業(yè)是指如何安排人員、材料及機器使能發(fā)揮最佳的生產效率之組合StandardWorkisdifferentfromStandardOperationProcedure標準作業(yè)是不同于作業(yè)標準,StandardWork標準作業(yè)FunctionsofStandardWork(1/2)標準作業(yè)之作用(1/2),Trainingmaterialsfornewcomer做為教導新人之教材Toolsformanagement做為管理之工具a)DesignofProductionLine生產線設計b)ManpowerRequirementplan人員需求計劃c)EquipmentRequirementplan設備需求計劃,StandardWork標準作業(yè)FunctionsofStandardWork(2/2)標準作業(yè)之作用(2/2),d)On-HandWIPplan手持量計劃e)Targetofproductionspeed目標生產速度f)VisualManagement現(xiàn)場目視管理ToolforKaizen做為改善之工具Noimprovementcantakeplace沒有標準作業(yè)withoutStandardWorkbeing就沒有改善definedfirst.,StandardWork標準作業(yè)ElementsofStandardWork標準作業(yè)之要件,TAKTTime產距時間On-HandWork-In-Process手持量(3)OperatorWorkSequence作業(yè)者動線順序,StandardWork標準作業(yè)TAKTTIME產距時間,Definition定義TaktTime產距時間=TargetTime目標時間=T.TExample例:,WorkingTimeperday每日工作時數(shù),Unitsdemandperday每日生產需要數(shù),T.T=,8Hours小時x3600sec.秒,T.T=,1000Units個/day天,=28.8Sec秒/Unit個,StandardWork標準作業(yè)On-HandWork-In-Process手持量,Meaning意義ReferstotheminimumWIPneededtoperformrepetitiveoperations,e.g.,partsmountedtomachines,partsonconveyors,partsneedingtimetocool.為使生產線能重復進行生產活動，而必須擁有的最少必要的在制品數(shù)量。稱為手持量。包含在機器上、輸送帶上、等待泠卻之在制品等,StandardWork標準作業(yè)OperatorWorkSequence作業(yè)者動線順序,Meaning意義Theorderofoperationsinwhichanoperatorcarriesobjects,mountsthemonmachinesandremovesthemetc.指作業(yè)者操作各個不同工序的順序Thisshouldbedistinguishedfromtheproductprocesssequenceaccordingtowhichaproductismade,whichwillinfluencethenumberofOn-HandWIP.作業(yè)者的動線順序方向可與產品的加工順序流向不同。方向之不同會影響手持量之多寡,StandardWork標準作業(yè)FormsofStandardWork標準作業(yè)常用表格,ValueStream/ProcessFlowChart價值流/流程圖TimeMeasurementSheet時間觀測表ProcessCapabilitySheet加工能力表StandardWorkCombinationSheet標準作業(yè)組合票(5)Process/CycleTimeChart作業(yè)配分表(6)StandardWorkSheet標準作業(yè)票,StandardWork標準作業(yè)SymbolsforValueStream/ProcessFlowChart價值流/流程圖之符號(1/4),Customer顧客Supplier供貨商Materialpushflow前推式物流Materialpullflowbywithdrawkanban領取看板后拉式物流Materialpullflowbyproductionkanban生產看板后拉式物流Materialpullflowbysignalkanban信號看板后拉式物流,StandardWork標準作業(yè)SymbolsforValueStream/ProcessFlowChart價值流/流程圖之符號(2/4),Informationflow信息流動BufferInventory緩沖庫存SafetyInventory安全庫存ProductionCell生產線Leveling(Heijunka)平準化Supermarket超級市場,StandardWork標準作業(yè)SymbolsforValueStream/ProcessFlowChart價值流/流程圖之符號(3/4),KanbanPost看板收集箱ProductionPlanningControl生產計劃管制Material,beforeprocess材料，加工前FinishedGoods,afterprocess成品，加工后Processandsequencenumber加工及序號,1,StandardWork標準作業(yè)SymbolsforValueStream/ProcessFlowChart價值流/流程圖之符號(4/4),Self100%Inspection自主全數(shù)檢查Walkingoperation走動作業(yè)QASamplingInspection品管抽樣檢查Waiting/Storage等待/儲蓄CombineOperation加工與檢查Withinspection同時作業(yè),3,StandardWork標準作業(yè)TimeMeasurementandCalculation時間觀測及計算(1/2),HT=HumanWorkTime人工時間MT=MachineWorkTime機器時間PBS=ProcessBatchSize加工批量m=Numberofstationof某一特定工序specificprocess之工作站數(shù)OT=OverlappingTime重迭時間betweenHTandMT,StandardWork標準作業(yè)TimeMeasurementandCalculation時間觀測及計算(2/2),PT=ProcessTime加工時間PT=HT+MT-OTCT=CycleTime周期時間CT=PT/PBS/mWhenPBS=1piecem=1stationThenCT=PT,StandardWork標準作業(yè)ProcedureofStandardWork(1/2)標準作業(yè)制定之程序(1/2),ValueStream/ProcessFlowChartbyproduct依產品別做出流程圖TimeMeasurementbyprocess依工序別測定時間(3)ProcessCapabilitySheet做出加工能力表(4)StandardWorkCombinationSheet做出標準作業(yè)組合票(5)DecideOn-HandWIPQuantity決定手持量數(shù)量,StandardWork標準作業(yè)ProcedureofStandardWork(2/2)標準作業(yè)制定之程序(2/2),(6)TrialOperationbysupervisor班長試行作業(yè)(7)Correctionifnecessary必要時修正(8)StandardWorkSheet標準作業(yè)票(9)MaintainStandardWork遵守標準作業(yè)(10)KaizenStandardWork改善標準作業(yè),StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(1/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(1/10),TheNeedofKaizen改善之需求NoStandardWork=NoKaizen沒有標準作業(yè)沒有改善StandardWork:Decidedbysupervisortoexpress標準作業(yè)his/herexpectationofoperationintheproductionline.由班長制作，表示班長對生產線的操作之期望,StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(2/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(2/10),Pre-StandardWork:Writedowncurrent表準作業(yè)operationsituation.指改善前之現(xiàn)狀操作狀態(tài),Standard(Expectation)標準(期望),Difference(Problem):差異(問題)NeedofKaizen需要改善,Actual(Current)實際(現(xiàn)狀),StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(3/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(3/10),T.T,CTTT,CTTT,Overtime加班,Over-Production生產過多,Waiting等待,NeedofKaizen需要改善,StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(4/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(4/10),StepofKaizen改善的步驟StartfromOperationKaizen先做作業(yè)改善LaterdoEquipmentKaizen再做設備改善OperationKaizen作業(yè)改善Spendlittlemoney,byeliminating花小錢，先消除無駄MUDAfirstUsethewisdomofowncompany利用自己公司的智慧,StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(5/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(5/10),EquipmentKaizen設備改善Spendlotofmoney,花大錢，隱藏無駄HideMUDAThewisdomfrom設備制造商的智慧equipmentsupplier,StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(6/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(6/10),SequenceofOperationKaizen作業(yè)改善的順序ShortenDistanceRelayoutofByFlowLineOfTransportationMachineProduction縮短搬運距離機器重新布置靠流線生產布置ChangeoperationEliminatingByStandardSequence/WaitingMuda,WorkCombinationWorktoT.T消除改變作業(yè)順序/重組等待無駄，依TT工作靠標準作業(yè),StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(7/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(7/10),SequenceofOperationKaizen作業(yè)改善的順序KaizeninReduceHumanByMotionOperationWorkTimeEconomyMotionJidoka改善作業(yè)動作減少人工時間靠動作改善法人字邊自働化,StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(8/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(8/10),TheCycleofKaizen改善的循環(huán)StandardWorkbeforeKaizen改善前之標準作業(yè)Pre-StandardWork表準作業(yè)TheneedofKaizen改善之需求FindoutareasofMuda發(fā)掘無駄及問題點andproblemDigouttherootcause找出真因,StandardWork標準作業(yè)StandardWorkandKaizen(9/10)標準作業(yè)與改善(9/10),TheCycleofKaizen改善的循環(huán)ImplementKaizenActions改善對策實施Standardization標準化Is