專四詞匯語(yǔ)法(完整)

專四語(yǔ)言知識(shí),Dorothy,題型特點(diǎn)：*總共20題，分值20分，時(shí)間10分鐘*語(yǔ)法題10道，詞匯題10道*語(yǔ)法居前，詞匯居后,小練：62.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably_athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.(2007專四）A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmoreHeisnomorediligentthanhisbrother.Heisnotmorediligentthanhisbrother.Heisnolessdiligentthanhisbrother.,和一樣不,不超過(guò)，不比更,不亞于，和一樣,Heisnomorethanaworker.(just)Notmorethan5studentspassedtheexam.(atmost),比如：詞匯題,58.Weshouldmakeaclear_betweencompetentandproficientforthepurposesofourdiscussion.（2000）A.separationB.divisionC.distinctionD.difference56.Beingcolour-blind,Sallycantmakea_betweenredandgreen.（2001）A.differenceB.distinctionC.comparisonD.division63.Duringthesummerholidayseasonitisdifficulttofinda(n)_roominthehotelshere.(2002)A.emptyB.vacantC.freeD.deserted60.Duringthesummerholidayseasonthereareno_roomsinthisseasidehotel.（2003）A.emptyB.blankC.desertedD.vacant,57.Jimmyearnshislivingby_worksofartinthemuseum.（2004）A.recoveringB.restoringC.renewingD.reviving67Agreatamountofworkhasgoneinto_theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendour.（2006）ArefreshingBrestoringCrenovatingDrenewing80Thecouplehasdonatedanot_amountofmoneytothefoundation.（2006）AinconsiderableBinconsiderateCinaccurateDincomparable67.Ontheroadmotoristsshouldbeawareofcyclistsandbe_towardsthem.（2008）A.considerableB.consideringC.considerateD.considered,62.Heplaystennistothe_ofallothersports.（2004）A.eradicationB.exclusionC.extensionD.inclusion68.Thebarintheclubisforthe_useofitsmembers.（2007）A.extensiveB.exclusiveC.inclusiveD.comprehensiveexclusivenews/report/store/clubAreweexclusive?,語(yǔ)法題,53.She_fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherataconference.(2009)A.hadbeenB.mustbeC.hasbeenD.musthavebeen56.She_fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.（2007）A.mustbeB.hadbeenC.couldbeD.musthavebeen51._atinthisway,thepresenteconomicsituationdoesntseemsogloomy.（2000）A.LookingB.LookedC.HavinglookedD.Tolook64._atinhisway,thesituationdoesntseemsodesperate.（2007）A.LookingB.LookedC.BeinglookedD.Tolook,45.Intellectistothemind_sightistothebody.（2001）A.whatB.asC.thatD.like53.Nineistothree_threeistoone.（2008）A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what,專四特殊句型：AistoBwhatCistoD,Wateristofishwhatairistoman.,讓步狀語(yǔ)從句特殊句型as引導(dǎo)讓步從句，要求用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，把強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分置于句首。,48.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.（2002）A.whoB.asC.thatD.like49._Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.（2003）A.AsmushasB.SomuchC.HowmuchD.Muchas55._hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.（2008）A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch,專四語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)主謂一致非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞定語(yǔ)從句（+狀語(yǔ)從句+名詞性從句）反義疑問(wèn)句專四特色短語(yǔ)+句型,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,例句：AboutmarriageIfyouhadmarriedmebefore,youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.(過(guò)去）IfIwereyou,Iwouldmarrytheguyinfrontofyou.（現(xiàn)在）IfIwereamanintheafterworld,Iwouldmarryagirlexactlylikemyself.（將來(lái)）Ifthesunwereto/shouldriseinthewesttomorrow,Iwouldthinkaboutmarryingyou.（將來(lái)）,錯(cuò)綜條件句：當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作相應(yīng)調(diào)整。如：Iftheyhadworkedhard,theywouldbeverytirednow.(從句說(shuō)的是過(guò)去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在)Ifyouhadmarriedmebefore，youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.Ifyouhadmarriedmebefore，youwouldbeveryhappynow.,虛擬句通?？墒÷詉f，變換形式，即“were/had/should+主語(yǔ)”。例句：Ifyouhadmarriedmebefore,youwouldnothavegonethroughsuchadifficultperiod.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeit.IfIhadtimerightnow,Iwouldgowithyou.Ifitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.,賓語(yǔ)從句中：insist,suggest,require,request,demand,propose,maintain,recommend,等動(dòng)詞表建議、愿望時(shí)，其后賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣-Should+V主語(yǔ)從句中：Itis+adj.that句型中出現(xiàn)形容詞如necessary,vital,imperative,critical,crucial,urgent,strange,disappointing,或過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~如suggested,proposed,advised,demanded,requested,required等時(shí)，that句中用should+V表示虛擬。,定語(yǔ)從句中。常用句型“Itis(high)time(that)”中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were)ItstimethatIpickedupmydaughter.Itshightimewewenttobed.,讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中beorBeitfineorrainy,wewouldhavethesportsmeeting.=Whetherit(may)befineorrainy,wewouldhavethesportsmeeting.Ourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgebeitscientificorartistic.,42._,Iwouldmarryhimallthesame.(2004)A.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor,在ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中。IfonlyIwereabird.（現(xiàn)在）IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.(過(guò)去）,Whatsmore?was(were)+tohavedone（不定式完成式）表示“原來(lái)想做而未做”后面通常but（陳述語(yǔ)氣）。Eg.Iwastohavearrivedhomeontime,butmycarwasheldupbyabadtrafficjam.,55.Lindawas_theexperimentamonthagobutshechangedhermindatthelastminute.（2007）A.tostartB.tohavestartedC.tobestartingD.tohavebeenstarting,回想總結(jié)三時(shí)間一交叉一省略五句子一特殊,真題展示：49.Allofuswouldhaveenjoyedthepartymuchmoreifthere_quitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.（2000）A.werentB.hasntbeenC.hadntbeenD.wouldntbe50._forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.（2002）A.HaditnotbeenB.HadntitbeenC.WasitnotD.Wereitnot,51.“Whatcoursesareyougoingtodonextsemester?”“Idontknow.Butitsabouttime_onsomething.”（2002）A.IddecideB.IdecidedC.IdecideD.Imdeciding44._ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?（2004）A.WouldyoubesurprisedB.WereyousurprisedC.HadyoubeensurprisedD.Wouldyouhavebeensurprised,51.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he_abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.（2005）A.wouldbeB.willhavebeenC.wasD.were60.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe_us.Ithinkitshightimewe_strongactionsagainsthim.（2005）A.betrayedtakeB.hadbetrayedtookC.hasbetrayedtookD.hasbetrayedtake,52.IfonlyI_playtheguitaraswellasyou!（2006）AwouldBcouldCshouldDmight54Itshightimewe_cuttingdowntherainforests.(2006)AstoppedBhadtostopCshallstopDstop59Itisimperativethatthegovernment_moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.(2006)AattractsBshallattractCattractDhasto,54.Ifonlythepatient_adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibodieshemightstillbealivenow.(2007)A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving65.ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam_hisstudyinspiteoflearningdifficulties.(2007)A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continues,52.HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she_muchbetterresultsnow.(2008)A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegotC.mustgetD.wouldget52.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_mucheasiertolearn.(2009)A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbeC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen,60.Itisnecessarythathe_theassignmentwithoutdelay.(2010)A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandin61.Itsgettinglate.Idratheryou_now.(2011)A.leftB.leaveC.areleavingD.willleave,54.Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?(2013)A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5oclock.B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.C.Walkstraightahead,anddontturntillthesecondtrafficlights.D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.,63.Ifit_tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.(2013)A.weretorainB.wastorainC.wasrainingD.hadrained51.Itisessentialthathe_allthefactsfirst.(2014)A.isexaminingB.willexamineC.examinesD.examine,58.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyourlawyer,he_abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.(2015)（對(duì)比2005)A.willbeB.wasC.wouldbeD.were,時(shí)態(tài),基本時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過(guò)去、一般將來(lái)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行、過(guò)去進(jìn)行、將來(lái)進(jìn)行、現(xiàn)在完成、過(guò)去完成、將來(lái)完成、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)、,基本時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過(guò)去、一般將來(lái)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行、過(guò)去進(jìn)行、將來(lái)進(jìn)行、現(xiàn)在完成、過(guò)去完成、將來(lái)完成、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)、,Iwasdoingtheshoppingthismomentyesterday.,IwillbeflyingovertheAtlanticthismomenttomorrow.,ThetrainhadgonebeforeIarrived.,Theconstructionofbridgehadbeencompletedbytheyear2007.,Theconstructionofbridgewillhavebeencompletedbytheyear2010.,IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor10years.,真題展示：43.Forsometimenow,worldleaders_outthenecessityforagreementonarmsreduction.（2002）A.hadbeenpointingB.havebeenpointingC.werepointingD.pointed42.Jack_fromhomefortwodaysnow,andIambeginningtoworryabouthissafety.(2003)A.hasbeenmissingB.hasbeenmissedC.hadbeenmissingD.wasmissed,54.Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_thePacific,andwemetnostorms.（1999）AwascalledBiscalledChadbeencalledDhasbeencalled52.I_ping-pongquitewell,butIhaventhadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.(1998)A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play,說(shuō)明：常識(shí)告訴我們，一個(gè)人一旦獲得某種技能，一般是不會(huì)在短期內(nèi)失去的，所以需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,63.InhisplaysShakespeare_hischaracterslivethroughtheirlanguage.（2008）A.wouldmakeB.hadmadeC.madeD.makes62.BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt_forLondontoattendameeting.(1999)A.willleaveB.leavesC.willhaveleftD.left55Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe_impossibletocomprehend.(2006)AhasfoundBwasfindingChadfoundDwouldfind,46.AIDSissaid_thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsinthatregion.(2002)A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeenProfessorJohnsonissaid_somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear.(1999)A.havingmadeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.tomake60.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe_us.Ithinkitshightimewe_strongactionsagainsthim.(2005)A.betrayedtakeB.hadbetrayedtookC.hasbetrayedtookD.hasbetrayedtake,附加習(xí)題1.SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasntstoppedringing.People_toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.A.phoneB.willphoneC.werephoningD.arephoning2.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_sorapidly.A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange,說(shuō)明：選擇移動(dòng)電話難的原因是由于科技正在飛速發(fā)展，所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；況且進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)常給人一種情感上的描述，表示說(shuō)話者的一種“感慨、贊賞、憤怒、斥責(zé)”等。,3.-Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.-Iamtired.I_thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted4.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_goingbacktoschool,butshehasntdecidedyet.AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsideringCconsideredDisgoingtoconsider,說(shuō)明：這句話的意思是“我一整天都在刷起居室”，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的一個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“一直在做”。,說(shuō)明：她“一直在考慮返校”是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，“還沒(méi)作決定”是現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果。,5.Thelittlegirl_herheartoutbecauseshe_hertoybearandbelievedshewasntevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried,lostB.cried,hadlostC.hascried,haslostD.cries,haslost6.Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.Oh!Ithoughtthey_withoutme.AwentBaregoingChavegoneDhadgone,說(shuō)明：哭得傷心發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而丟玩具熊發(fā)生在哭之前。兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，之前發(fā)生的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，之后發(fā)生的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。,說(shuō)明：“他沒(méi)叫我就走了”這個(gè)動(dòng)作明顯發(fā)生在“我認(rèn)為”之前。所以必須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,7.-Youveleftthelighton.-Oh,soIhave._andturnitoff.A.IllgoB.IvegoneC.IgoD.Imgoing,說(shuō)明：will和begoingto的區(qū)別,8.DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?Oh,no,Iforgot.I_hernow.AwillbecallingBwillcallCcallDamtocall,9.ThisisTedsphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_whentryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling10.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_forthespoiledchild.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblame,說(shuō)明：不要被前面使用的現(xiàn)在時(shí)所蒙蔽，在地震中搶救小孩并獻(xiàn)身的動(dòng)作只能在過(guò)去。,說(shuō)明：betoblame是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。,主謂一致,大總結(jié)：agreatmany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)manya+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)themajorityof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)each/every+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)neither/eitherof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)morethanone+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)oneandahalf+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù),臨近原則EitherorNeither.NorNotonlybutalsoNotbutTherebe,非臨近原則aswellaswithtogetherwithalongwithratherthanbesides,改錯(cuò)！1.Thepresidentofthecompany,togetherwiththeworkerswhocomefromAmerica,areplanningaconferenceforthepurposeofsolvingthefinancialproblems.2.Thereareapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.3.Eithertheprincipalorhisassistantsistoattendthemeeting.4.Theteacheraswellasthestudentslikethispainting.,集體名詞cattle、folk、people、youth、police（通常用作復(fù)數(shù)）Thepolicehavecaughtthemurderer.ThepeoplewhomyoumetinthecampusyesterdayarefromEngland.army,audience、class、club、committee、company、crowd、family、party、staff、team（根據(jù)意思決定單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)）ThecommitteemeeteveryMonday.Heisonthecommitteethatcontrolspublicspending.Hisfamilyisntverylarge.(對(duì)比Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.),表示時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、距離、價(jià)值等單位的名詞以及概念上屬于整體的一個(gè)單元的名詞雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。Tenyearsisonlyamomentinhistory.Twocopiesisenough.Threehoursisnotalongtimetowait.,書(shū)名、電影名或格言等專有名詞做主語(yǔ),如果主語(yǔ)是一本書(shū)的名字、電影的名字或一個(gè)格言等專有名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)?！癎onewiththeWind”isaninterestingnovel.“TheScentofaWoman”isanawardedfilm.NoPains,NoGainsisawidelyquotedproverb.,學(xué)科名詞做主語(yǔ),表示學(xué)科名稱的名詞如physics,mathematics,economics,politics,electronics,statistics做主語(yǔ)，雖然形式上以復(fù)數(shù)結(jié)尾,但應(yīng)為單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)。Inmyopinion,physicsisadifficultsubject.Politicsisaninterestingtopicformanymen.,并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致,Eggandmilkisagoodbreakfast.(這里的雞蛋和牛奶都指一頓早飯，不可分割)Fishandchips(炸魚(yú)土豆片)isapopularsupperhere.當(dāng)and連接的并列名詞詞組帶有each,every或者manya等限定詞時(shí)，隨后動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)Manyamanandwomaninthiscommunityfindshimselforherselfinneed.Everyboyandgirlintheclassisgivenacopyofthephoto.主語(yǔ)后跟有由asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,aswellas,inadditionto,with,alongwith,togetherwith,except等引導(dǎo)的結(jié)構(gòu)或詞組，取決于主語(yǔ)本身形式。,Whatsmore?Heisoneofthestudentsinourclasswho(have/has)passedtheCET-4.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourclasswho(have/has)passedtheCET-6.,真題展示：62Thestatistics_thatlivingstandardsintheareahaveimproveddrasticallyinrecenttimes.(2006)AprovesBisprovingCareprovingDproveStatisticsisnotasdifficultassomepeoplethink.52.AllthePresidentsMen_oneoftheimportantbooksforhistorianswhostudytheWatergateScandal.(2007)A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.isremaining,50.Itisfutiletodiscussthematterfurther,because_goingtoagreeuponanythingtoday.(2003)A.neitheryounorIareB.neitheryounormeisC.neitheryounorIamD.neithermenoryouare51.MrWells,togetherwithallthemembersofhisfamily,_forEuropethisafternoon.(2004)A.aretoleaveB.areleavingC.isleavingD.leave,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)總結(jié),不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞,不定式：在Its+adj.結(jié)構(gòu)中都用不定式作主語(yǔ)。注意兩種句型：Itseasy(difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,toomuch,toolittle,notenough)后加forsb.todoItskind(nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave后加ofsb.todo,動(dòng)名詞：1.必須接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞acknowledge,advocate,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,admit,confess,consider,escape,excuse,fancy,favor,finish,forgive,practice,postpone,recall,risk,resist,suggest,tolerate。如：Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad.2.動(dòng)名詞做介詞短語(yǔ)(to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào))objectto,resortto,reactto,contributeto,lookforwardto,beaccustomedto,becommittedto,bedevotedto,bededicatedto,beopposedto,be(get)usedto,getdownto,taketo,inadditionto,withregardto,onthewayto。Iamlookingforwardtovisitingyourhometown.,分詞：如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟句子中的邏輯主語(yǔ)呈主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞doing.如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟句子中的邏輯主語(yǔ)呈被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞done.see1._fromthemountain,weshouted“howareyoudoing”.2._fromthemountain,thecitylooksmuchmorebeautiful.Win/defeat1._inthewar,thestatebegantobreakdown.2._thewar,thecountrybegantoestablishitsownfinancialandpoliticalsystems.,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)特性-時(shí)間性。與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，用一般時(shí)doing，發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)則用完成式havingdone。WatchingVSHavingwatched1._themovie“Titanic”,hecouldnthelpcrying.2._themovie“Titanic”for5times,herefusedtogothecinemawithme.LivingVSHavinglived1._inChinafortenyears,hetookaChinesegirlashiswife.2._inasmallcountrysideinChina,hespentallhistimeingardening.,分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般為句子的主語(yǔ)，否則分詞短語(yǔ)要有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，稱為分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)只是句子的一個(gè)部分。如：Allflightshavingbeencanceledbecauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.Darknesssettingin,theyoungcouplelingeredinthebar.,Itbeing+名詞（代詞）ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.(1)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_translatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that(2)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that(3)Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.that,therebe非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法(1)做目的狀語(yǔ)或程度狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用fortheretobe，做其他狀語(yǔ)用therebeing。如：Fortheretobeapleasantperformance,youmustpracticemore.(fortheretobe在句中做目的狀語(yǔ))Therebeingnofurtherquestions,wellstopheretoday.(therebeing做原因狀語(yǔ))(2)做除for外的介詞賓語(yǔ)，用therebeing。如：Hewouldalwaysignorethefactoftherebeingsuchacontradictioninhisinnerthought.個(gè)人總結(jié)：有for,用theretobe,其他都用therebeing。,真題展示：45.There_nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.（2000）A.tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.be41.Agricultureisthecountryschiefsourceofwealth,wheat_byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.（2003）A.isB.beenC.beD.being48.Time_,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.（2003）A.permitB.permittingC.permittedD.permits,51._atinthisway,thepresenteconomicsituationdoesntseemsogloomy.（2000）A.LookingB.LookedC.HavinglookedD.Tolook64._atinhisway,thesituationdoesntseemsodesperate.（2007）A.LookingB.LookedC.BeinglookedD.Tolook,51._isnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.（2001）A.TobenottallB.NottobetallC.BeingnottallD.Notbeingtall47.Theopeningceremonyisagreatoccasion.Itisessential_forthat.（2003）A.forustobepreparedB.thatwearepreparedC.ofustobepreparedD.ourbeingprepared,Todieforthepeopleisagloriousdeath.,61.Whatsthechanceof_ageneralelectionthisyear?（2005）A.therebeingB.theretobeC.therebeD.theregoingtobe63.Itisnotuncommonforthere_problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.（2007）A.beingB.wouldbeC.beD.tobe,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)1、can;must;cant;mustnt區(qū)別2、shall;should的特殊用法(不止一種用法）3、對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)和虛擬用法；(+havedone),can;must;cant;mustnt區(qū)別,cant表示語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)的不可能must表示語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)的肯定需要注意的是can也可以表示可能性，但只表示一時(shí)的可能性。Hecantbeathome.Hemustbeathome.Shecanbeverygentle/mean/rude/sensitive.Lifeisjustlikeaboxofchocolate,youneverknowwhatyougonnaget.Sometimesitcanbeverytough,andsometimeitcanbeverypeaceful.Thoughheistravellingalltheyeararound,hecanbeathomesometimesinwinter.,1.You_behungryalreadyyouhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt2.Peter_bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughheisanicepersoningeneral.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must3.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_berathercoldsometime.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would4.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit_beveryslow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can5.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont,cantB.mustnt,mayC.shouldnt,mustD.cant,should,shall和should的用法,Shall兩種用法1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。如：Shallwego?Shallwebeginourlesson?Whenshallhebeabletoleavethehospital?2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。如：Youshallfailifyoudontworkharder.（警告）HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.（允諾）Youshallbepunishedifyouruntheredlight.（威脅）,Should四種用法1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是oughtto；在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用should代替oughtto。如：Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.ShouldIopenthewindow?2.should也可以表示可能，翻譯成中文通常為“照理、按理應(yīng)該”。ThisEnglishtestshouldnotbeverydifficultforyousinceyouhavelearneditformorethan5years.Youshouldbemarriedsinceyouare32yearsold.,3.Should還可以用在if引導(dǎo)的條件從句，表示一件事聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能性很小，但也不是完全沒(méi)有可能。相當(dāng)于“萬(wàn)一”的意思。如：AskhertocallmeifyoushouldseeherinTokyo.你萬(wàn)一在東京見(jiàn)到她，請(qǐng)讓她給我打個(gè)電話。Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,pleaseletusknow.萬(wàn)一你改變主意，請(qǐng)通知我們。4.Why(orHow)+should結(jié)構(gòu)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事不能理解，感到意外、驚異等意思。意為“竟會(huì)”。如：Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?你幾天怎么來(lái)得這么晚？WhereisBettyliving?貝蒂住在哪里？HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道呢？Idontknowwhyyoush