江蘇省2019高考英語第二部分語法核心突破第一課時名詞課件.pptx

1、第一課時名詞,李仕才,1. Can you tell us your _ for happiness and a long life?, Living every day to the full, definitely.(2016江蘇卷) A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt 答案A句意：你能告訴我你對幸福長壽的秘密嗎？當(dāng)然是盡情享受每一天。recipe秘訣，食譜，藥方；record記錄；range范圍；receipt收據(jù)，收條。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。,感 悟 高 考,2.It is important to pay your electricity bill

2、 on time，as late payments may affect your _.(2016江蘇卷),A.condition B.income C.credit D.status 答案C句意：重要的是按時繳納電費，因為逾期付款可能會影響你的信用。condition 情況； income 收入；credit 信譽； status 身份。根據(jù)句意，答案為C。,3.There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some _ and then let me know.(2015安徽卷),A.thought B.support C.prot

3、ection D.authority 答案A句意：現(xiàn)在沒有必要告訴我你的答案。思考一下，然后讓我知道。 thought思想，思考；support支持，維持，支援，供養(yǎng)；protection保護，防衛(wèi)；authority權(quán)威，權(quán)力，當(dāng)局。,4.Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.(2015浙江卷),A.produce B.pronounce C.process D.download 答案C句意：研究表明左右耳處理聲音的方式不同。process加工，處理，符合語境。produce生產(chǎn)，制作，創(chuàng)作；pr

4、onounce發(fā)音；download下載。,要 點 精 析,一、不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù) 1.一般說來抽象名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，但當(dāng)抽象名詞表示具體的東西時，可用作可數(shù)名詞且詞義發(fā)生變化，主要類型如下：,(1)抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、情感的人或事。,Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success. 您的貢獻定會促使這件事取得圓滿成功。 (2)抽象名詞與a(an)連用，淡化了抽象概念，轉(zhuǎn)化為似乎可以體驗的動作、行為或類別。 Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in

5、those tough times. 在那些艱難的時期，能夠買得起一杯飲料會是一件令人感到欣慰的事。,2. 有些物質(zhì)名詞可個體化為可數(shù)名詞,I knocked over the tea cup and it fell on the mobile phone. You should never put drinks near a phone. 我把茶杯碰倒了，它落在了那部手機上。 你永遠都不應(yīng)該把飲料放到手機附近。,二、名詞的詞義辨析 1.形近詞的詞義辨析,command 命令comparison 比較 compliment 稱贊 contribution 貢獻 symptom 癥狀 simil

6、arity 類似 sample 樣本 sympathy 同情 symbol 象征，符號 system 系統(tǒng) She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful symbol in last years election. 兩年前她被軟禁在家，但是在去年的選舉中她仍是位具有影響力的代表性人物。,2.意義相近詞的辨析,motivation 動機，目的 qualification 資歷 talent 天賦 technique 技能 anger 生氣 rudeness 粗魯 regret 后悔 panic 驚慌 ad

7、vice 建議 question 問題 offer 提議 idea 主意 Her motivation for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. 她寫作的動機是為婦女爭取到接受高等教育權(quán)利的渴望。,3.無一定關(guān)聯(lián)性的名詞詞義辨析,source 源泉 sense 感覺 result 結(jié)果 root 根源 curiosity 好奇 satisfaction 滿意 envy 羨慕 patience 耐心 difference 不同，區(qū)別 strength 長處 connection 關(guān)聯(lián) barr

8、ier 屏障，障礙 Wind is now the worlds fastest growing source of power.風(fēng)力是現(xiàn)今世界上增長最迅速的能源。,三、名詞的固定搭配 1.動詞have, take, make, pay, play, put, give等加名詞構(gòu)成的短語,have a good reputation有個好名聲 have a feeling of 有感覺 have access to 可以獲得 take advantage of 利用，趁之機 take a turn 轉(zhuǎn)變 get relief 得到緩解 All students have access to t

9、he Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. 所有學(xué)生都能進入在道格拉斯大廳上面的寫作中心。,2.介詞后加名詞構(gòu)成的短語,in great demand 需求量很大 in progress 在進行中 out of touch 與無聯(lián)系 beyond recognition 辨認不出來 The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great demand in this city. 哈利波特系列圖書很受歡迎，在這座城市的需求量很大。,解 題 策 略,1.利用固定搭配和習(xí)慣

10、表達,(1)It is said that dogs will keep you _ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A.safety B.company C.house D.friend 答案B句意：據(jù)說， 當(dāng)你感到孤獨時， 你想要狗陪伴你多長時間它們就陪伴你多長時間。keep sb company “陪伴某人；與某人作伴”。,(2)Despite such a big difference in the _ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in

11、 the west regard the Chinese food as something special. A.point B.idea C.attitude D.sight 答案C句意：盡管人們對吃什么有不同的觀點， 但是毋庸置疑的是西方人認為中餐別具一格。point 重點，見解 ; idea 想法 , 主意； sight 視力，看見。,2.利用句子的平衡、對比等結(jié)構(gòu),To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _ and weaknesses. A.streng

12、ths B.benefits C.techniques D.values 答案A句意：為了使隊員更好地表現(xiàn)， 教練首先要了解隊員的優(yōu)勢和劣勢。and后weak的名詞形式， 正好與strong的名詞形式對比。strength 長處，優(yōu)點，符合句意。,3.充分把握具體的語境,Shall we go out for a walk? Sorry.This is not the right _ to invite me. I am too tired to walk. A.moment B.situation C.place D.chance 答案A句意：我們出去走走吧？對不起， 現(xiàn)在邀請我不是時候，

13、我都累得沒有力氣走路了。后面的I am too tired to walk提示了前者提出建議是不合時宜的， 故用moment “時刻， 時候” 。,4.運用固定句式解決詞義辨析,You will find this map of great _ in helping you to get around the city. A.source B.sense C.favor D.value 答案D句意：你會覺得這張地圖在幫助你在城里逛逛非常有價值。此處用of great value, 相當(dāng)于very valuable 表示“十分有價值”。,針 對 訓(xùn) 練,1.One of the most eff

14、ective ways to reduce _ is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(2015浙江卷),A.production B.stress C.energy D.power 答案B句意：減少壓力最有效的方法之一就是與你信任的人談?wù)勀愕母惺?。stress壓力，緊張，符合語境。production生產(chǎn)，制作，產(chǎn)品；energy精力，活力，干勁；power權(quán)力，勢力，影響力。,2.He gave himself a new name to hide his _ when he went to carry out the secre

15、t task.(2015湖北卷),A.emotion B.talent C.identity D.treasure 答案C句意：他執(zhí)行一項秘密任務(wù)時，給自己起了一個新的名字來掩蓋身份。A項“情緒”；B項“才能”；C項“身份”；D項“財富”。故選C。,3.Could you tell me the _ of making such tasty cakes?,Well，I just follow the directions in the cookbook.(福建卷) A.feature B.plan C.cost D.trick 答案D句意：你能告訴我做如此美味蛋糕的訣竅嗎？好吧，我就是按照烹飪

16、書上的說明做的。trick訣竅，故選D。,4.Wind is now the worlds fastest growing _ of power.(天津卷),A.source B.sense C.result D.root 答案A句意：風(fēng)力是現(xiàn)今世界上增長最迅速的一種能源。A.源泉，來源；B.感覺，意義；C.結(jié)果；D.根，根源；根據(jù)上下文語境，故選A。,5.Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one?,Thats a good _.(安徽卷) A.saying B.questio

17、n C.suggestion D.account 答案C句意：如果你沒有足夠的錢買一輛新車的話，為什么不先買一輛二手車呢？這是個不錯的建議(suggestion)。saying 說法；言論；account 賬戶；解釋；說明，理由。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選C。,6.When Richard said，“You are much more agreeable and prettier now，” Joans face turned red at the unexpected _.(湖北卷),A.command B.comparison C.compliment D.contribution 答案C句意：當(dāng)理查

18、德說：“你現(xiàn)在變得更討人喜愛，更漂亮了?！杯偮牭竭@突如其來的贊美，臉紅了。command 命令，指揮；comparison 對比；compliment 恭維，稱贊；contribution 貢獻。,7.The local government provided _ for the homeless soon after the flood.,A.possessions B.accommodations C.souvenirs D.groceries 答案B句意：洪水過后不久，當(dāng)?shù)卣驘o家可歸者提供了住所。accommodation “住處，膳宿”，符合句意。possession “財產(chǎn)”；s

19、ouvenir “紀念品”；grocery “食品雜貨店”。,8.Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply at your earliest _.,A.convenience B.consideration C.interruption D.imagination 答案Aat ones convenience “在某人方便的時候”。句意：你們所提供的任何幫助我都很感激，請在方便的時候盡早聯(lián)系我。,9.The quiet life of the country has never had _ to

20、me in that I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window.,A.appeal B.appetite C.affection D.application 答案 A句意：寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活從來沒有吸引過我，因為我總認為鄉(xiāng)村是透過火車車窗看到的那個樣子。appeal意為“吸引力，感染力”；appetite意為“食欲，胃口；強烈欲望”；affection意為“喜愛，喜歡”；application意為“申請；運用，應(yīng)用”。,10.In Beijing opera，performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the _ and depths of the characters personalities.,A.dimensions B.certificates C.occupations D.conscienc