高中主語從句

1、升高二英語名詞性從句之主語從句姓名： 年級： 教師： 劉琳 學(xué)習(xí)過程一、主語從句的概念與類型 主語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語,引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞that, whether以及連接代詞who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和連接副詞when, where, why, how等.一、從屬連詞：that， whether等.that 引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用，本身無實際意義，在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，但不能省略。That he will win is certain.他肯定會贏。Whether hell come here isnt c

2、lear. 他是否會來這里還不清楚。注意: 由that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句有時為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡, 避免 “頭重腳輕”, 常用 it 作形式主語, 而把從句放在后面。 例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.2.That they should like each other is natural. 這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +從句 It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是It is a fact that

3、是事實 It is common knowledge that 是常識_(很遺憾)we lost the match._(這是事實)he cheated in the exam.2) It is + adj. +從句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明顯 It is necessary important natural. that+(should) do _(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明顯)this

4、measure is effective.3) It +不及物動詞+從句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起_(剛好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.4) It + be +過去分詞+從句 It is said that. 據(jù)說 It is known to all that. 眾所周知 It is reported that. 據(jù)報道 It is believed that.人們相信 It is suggested t

5、hat + (should）do. 建議It must be admitted that必須承認(rèn) It cannot be denied that 不可否認(rèn) It must be pointed out that需指出的是 _(據(jù)報道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.二、.連接代詞who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever構(gòu)成合

6、成詞，和what一樣引導(dǎo)從句，ever起到強調(diào)作用。它們在句子中擔(dān)任主干成分，并用陳述句形式)What many scientists believe is that the earth is round Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 三、.連接副詞when，where， how， why等。Why they suddenly disappeared

7、 still remains a mystery.When they will leave is not decided.How we will paint the house has not been decided.注意:1）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞誤：They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural2) whether引導(dǎo)主語從句，if不可誤：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正: Wh

8、ether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.1. (_ is needed for success) is your hard work.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.2. (_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.3. (_ can join in the sp

9、ort meet) is decided by the teacher.4. (_ it will rain or not) is not clear.Conclusion:主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。四、主語從句的規(guī)律：找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)規(guī)律例規(guī)律一、主語從句一律用陳述語序， 即主語在前，謂語在后。1.When will he come is not known.正：When he will come is not known.規(guī)律二、連詞that 在從句中無實際意義， 但不能省略。例2. He will not come to the meeting this ev

10、ening is true.正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.規(guī)律三、whether 可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，放在句首，但if不能例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.規(guī)律四、主語從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.正：Tha

11、t he will help others is a fact.規(guī)律五、含主語從句的主句謂語動詞多用 單數(shù)第三人稱形式。例5. When he will come are a puzzle.正：When he will come is a puzzle.規(guī)律六、what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定主句動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。1. What he needs is that book.2. What he needs are some books.規(guī)律七、主語從句為了避免頭重腳輕現(xiàn)象,用 it 做形式主語，而把從句放在后面。That the earth turns around the sun i

12、s known to all.It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.找出錯誤，并給出理由：1. Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided. 2.You have made a mistake is a fact. 3. If the policeman will come is not certain.4. That is certain that we can win. 5. It is ordered we should leave at once.6. Where h

13、e comes from are a mystery.7. What whether he likes the job is not clear.8. Who he is and where he is from is important. 9.What he saw is the stars in the sky.1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .

14、A If B Whether C That D Where 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B. that C. what D. when4.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have請用恰當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z從句連詞填空: What ,it ,that , whether, whoever1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at

15、the meeting astonished everybody present3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 用whetherif填空1.The question is _ the film is interesting.2._ we shall attend the me

16、eting hasnt been decided yet. Correct or not?If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether, 不能用ifThat she wants to know is when the party will be held . What she wants to know is when the party will be

17、 held .Pay attention:此主語從句缺少成分-賓語，故用作成分的what來引導(dǎo)，而不用thatHe will give up his job surprises all of us.That he will give up his job surprises all of us.Pay attention:由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首，that 不能省略。1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomo

18、rrow depends on the weather .A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all that America is a developed country .A Which B As C What D It 4.Its known to us all _ a form of energyA. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A. whe

19、ther B. that C. what D. when6.What I say and think _ none of your business.A. is B. are C. has D have五、語氣 在It is necessary / natural / important / strange.+ that-clause這類句型里,that所引導(dǎo)的主語從句中謂語動詞用should +原形,表虛似語氣.例如: It is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.這個問題必須馬上解決. Its strange that

20、 he should have gone away without telling us.他竟然沒向我們說一聲就走了,真是奇怪. 鞏固練習(xí) 15. It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 六、以it作形式主語的主語從句與強調(diào)句型的區(qū)別 It be + adj./n. + that-clause與強調(diào)句型均有It be.that.之類的語言標(biāo)志,但不同的是:前者中的that從句是主語從句.

21、若刪掉其中的It be和that,則剩余部分不論結(jié)構(gòu)還是語意都不能成為一個句子;但若將后者中的It be和that去掉,則剩余部分的結(jié)構(gòu)和語意仍能構(gòu)成一個完整的句子.強調(diào)句型譯為漢語時可加上正是或就是之類的字眼,而主語從句則不可以.請比較下面兩個句子: It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人驚奇的是瑪莉竟然獲得了第一名. It is Mary that has won first place.正是瑪莉得了第一名. 第一句話中的It是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句.句中的It is和that無法刪除,若刪除句子就不成

22、立. 第二句是強調(diào)句型,其中的It is和that可去掉,因為沒有It is和that句子仍很通順. 鞏固練習(xí) 1. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it 2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. which B. that C. if D. for _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There

23、 B. This C. That D. It 4. _ what they told me really true? A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have 5. It matters little _ a man dies, but _ matters much is _ he lives. A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that 6. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 7. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. th