定語從句李子玲勿刪

1、中考語法復(fù)習(xí),十一、定語從句,形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等可以作定語，修飾名詞或代詞。 a beautiful girl my book fifteen eggs sports shoes The man driving too fast was drunk. Its a good place to visit. The girl behind the tree is Kate. Would you like something delicious to eat?,定語從句,概念:在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句. 如：The girl who is beh

2、ind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a girl who has long hair.,句子作定語,修飾girl, 叫做定語從句,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語從句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,who, whom, that , which， whose,where,when,why,Mary is a girl.,The girl has long hair.,合并為一個句子,Mary is

3、 a girl who has long hair.,1.The man is a worker.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,概念：,被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞，叫先行詞。從句由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，放在先行詞之后。（注：關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起連接作用；同時又代替先行詞，在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個句子成分充當(dāng)主語，賓語，定語或狀語）。 定語從句的謂語動詞須和先行詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。,Eg: The girl

4、who is standing on the stage is my teacher.(關(guān)系代詞who代替先行詞the girl在定語從句中作主語) I cant find the book (that) I bought yesterday. (關(guān)系代詞that代替先行詞the book在定語從句中作賓語，that可省略) He is a good doctor whose name is known in this town.(關(guān)系代詞whose代替先行詞doctors在定語從句中作定語，修飾name) This is the reason why you should leave. (關(guān)

5、系副詞why在定語從句中作狀語，修飾先行詞the reason),關(guān)系代詞的用法:,（1）當(dāng)先行詞指物時用指物的關(guān)系代詞that/which 當(dāng)先行詞指物時,定語從句可用which 或that引導(dǎo).二者都可在定語從句中做主語或賓語，作主語時不能省略，作賓語時則可以省略。 A plane is a machine that/which can fly. The shop( that/which ) I like isnt here now. （2）當(dāng)先行詞指人時用指人的關(guān)系代詞who/that/whom。who/that可互換使用，在定語從句中做主語或賓語，作主語時不能省略，作賓語時則可以省略。

6、,The girl that/who was badly hurt in the accident is my classmate. The girl (that/who) I like isnt here now. whom是指人的關(guān)系代詞，為who的賓格形式，在定語從句中只能做賓語?？捎脀ho,that替換使用，也可以省略。 The girl (whom that / who) I like isnt here now. The doctor (whom/who/that) she went to China with is very famous. = The doctor with w

7、hom she went to China is very famous. 注意：介詞后只能用指人的whom和指物的which。,The lady to whom you just talked is Miss Li.= The lady (whom/who/that) you just talked to is Miss Li. This is the book (which/that) Im looking for.,（3）whose 是who和which的所有格，意思是“（某人/某物）的”,即可指人也可指物，在定語從句中作定語修飾緊隨其后的名詞，不可省略. This is the stu

8、dent whose bike was stolen last week. The girl whose father is a doctor is our classmate. Look at the house whose garden is very big.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定語,下列情況只能用that,1.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或adj最高級修飾時.,We like the second lesson that is a

9、bout “The football match” . Tom is the cleverest boy (that) I have ever known. This is the best book (that) I have ever read.,2.先行詞是不定代詞all,everything,nothing,anything,much,little,few,none等時，關(guān)系代詞用that.,Everything (that) we saw in this film was true. Here is everything that makes us happy. 3.先行詞被all,

10、every,each,any,no,little, few, some, much等修飾時。 I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.,4.先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same修飾時，關(guān)系代詞用that.(當(dāng)先行詞是人時，也可用關(guān)系代詞who,whom),He is the only person that/who can help you out. 5.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that. We are talking about the people and

11、 the things (that) we have visited.,6. 句中已經(jīng)有who或which,為了避免重復(fù)時用that.,Who is the woman that is crying there? 注意: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that (沒有who就用that) 1.先行詞是anyone, someone, anybody,those時，關(guān)系代詞使用who。 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there?,2

12、. 在there be 句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.,. 關(guān)系副詞的用法： 關(guān)系副詞why, when, where在定語從句當(dāng)中代替先行詞，分別作原因/時間/地點狀語，不能省略。(關(guān)系副詞介詞which) I still remember the day when(=on which) I first came to Beijing. Is this the reason why (=for which) he

13、was late?,Ill never forget the day when(=on which) I joined the League. This is the house where I lived two years ago.= This is the house in which I lived two years ago.= This is the house (which/that) I lived in two years ago.,Exercise,1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/th

14、at,which/that,whose,3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress （ _）I gave her.,4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.（介詞后只能用which,whom）,which/that,whom,6. Kevin is readin

15、g a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town？,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.,that,（that）,that,10. This is our house _we lived for ten years. 11. Ill never forget the day _my daughter was born. 12

16、. I know the reason _he came late.,單項選擇。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where 3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting? A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.

17、she was seen 4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who 5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.which,A,C,B,D,B,6. This book is for the students _native language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos 7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose 8.The dictiona