2019版安徽中考英語高分復習專題10非謂語動詞課件人教新目標版.pptx

1、安徽專版,新課標（RJ）,語法專題（十）非謂語動詞,PART TWO,第二篇 語法突破篇,【中考考點】 （1）動詞不定式的用法。（2）動名詞的用法。 （3）現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法。,考點一動詞不定式,構(gòu)成: to+動詞原形,有時可省略to,to為不定式符號。其否定形式:not （+to）+動詞原形。 1.作主語常用it作形式主語,而將真正的主語（動詞不定式）置于句末 常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)為“Its+adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth.”。 To ask the teacher for help is necessary. =It is necessary to ask the t

2、eacher for help. 向老師尋求幫助是必要的。,2.作賓語 （1）后接不定式作賓語的動詞或短語有want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn, remember, forget, would like/love等。 I hope there before dark. 我希望天黑以前到那兒。 （2）在think, find, make等動詞后通常用it作形式賓語,而將真正的賓語（不定式）后置,構(gòu)成“主語+謂語+it（形式賓語）+賓補（形容詞/名詞）+不定式.”結(jié)構(gòu)。 I found it diffi

3、cult to solve the problem. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)解決這個問題很難。,to get,3.作賓語補足語 （1）后接帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞或短語有 tell, ask, allow, want, wish, teach, warn, invite, would like, encourage等。 The teacher told us Exercise 1. 老師告訴我們做練習一。 （2）一些使役動詞和感官動詞也用不定式作賓語補足語。這時不定式要省略to。這些動詞有:一感（feel）、二聽（hear, listen to）、三讓（let, make, have）、四看（look at

4、, see, watch, notice）。但這些動詞變被動語態(tài)時,作補語的不定式必須補出to。 We often hear her sing. 我們經(jīng)常聽見她唱歌。 被動語態(tài): She is often heard to sing.,to do,4.作狀語 常見的狀語有目的狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語等。 Mr. Lee will go to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake. 李先生將去杭州參觀西湖。（作目的狀語） 5.作定語 動詞不定式作定語時,放在被修飾的名詞的后面,作后置定語。若不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的動詞是不及物動詞,且與所修飾的詞之間是動賓關(guān)系,則不定式后面要加上

5、適當?shù)慕樵~。 I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我沒有一個一起練習英語的同伴。 I had to find a place to live in. 我不得不找一個住的地方。,6.作表語 Their duty is the animals. 他們的職責是照看動物。 7. “特殊疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu) 動詞不定式可以和what, which, when, where, how等特殊疑問詞連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句中作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補足語等。 He doesnt know . 他不知道要穿什么。（作賓語）,to look after

6、/take care of,what to wear,考點二動名詞,動名詞由“動詞原形+-ing”構(gòu)成,但有不規(guī)則形式。動名詞既有動詞的性質(zhì),也有名詞的性質(zhì)。 1.作主語 動名詞作主語和動詞不定式作主語,在很多情況下可以通用。 Playing/To play computer games too much is bad for your eyes. 玩電腦游戲太多對你的眼睛有害。 2.作賓語 后常接動名詞作賓語的動詞或短語有 enjoy, finish, consider（考慮）, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like,

7、 give up, cant help, avoid, be used to, be worth, be afraid of, be proud of, be interested in, cant stop, keep/stopfrom, look forward to, have difficulty/problems/trouble （in）, have fun等。,【巧學妙記】 后接動名詞作賓語的動詞（短語）記憶口訣: 完成實踐值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy） 繼續(xù)習慣別放棄（keep on, be used to, give up） 考

8、慮建議不禁想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like） Have you finished the book? 你讀完這本書了嗎?,reading,3.作表語 The nurses job is the patients. 護士的工作是照顧病人。 4.作定語 I often go to the . 我經(jīng)常去閱覽室。,looking after/taking care of,reading room,考點三分詞,分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞（v.-ing）有主動、進行之意;過去分詞（v.-ed）有被動、完成之意。 1.作定語 China is

9、a country. America is a country. 中國是一個發(fā)展中國家,美國是一個發(fā)達國家。 I know the boy called Li Ming. 我認識那個叫李明的男孩。 2.作表語 The book is interesting. Im interested in it. 這本書很有趣,我對它感興趣。,developing,developed,3.作賓語補足語 I saw her going upstairs.我看見她正在上樓。 I want to have some photos taken.我想拍一些照片。 4.作狀語 Laughing and talking,

10、 they went into the room. 他們有說有笑地進了房間。,5.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別 （1）在語態(tài)上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動,過去分詞表示被動。 the flying kite飛著的風箏 the moved people 被感動的人們 （2）在時間上,現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行的動作,過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動作。 the rising sun 正在升起的太陽 the risen sun 升高的太陽,1.2018阜陽一模 I havent decided when a holiday yet. A.took B.taking C.to take D.take 2.2018蕪湖模擬 Zh

11、ang Lan, have you finished the book Harry Potter? Yes, its interesting. A.read B.write C.writing D.reading,1.Cdecide to do sth. 決定去做某事,為固定搭配,故選C。,C,D,3.2018合肥二模 Im trying to sleep. Would you mind the music? A.turn down B.turning down C.to turn down D.to turning down 4.2018淮南 They were about when it

12、began to rain. A.to leave B.leaving C.leave D.left 5.2018蚌埠二模 When we heard the good news, we couldnt help . Were so excited. A.jump B.to jump C.jumping D.jumped 6.2018淮北二模 Our teacher saw us on the desks and went out of the classroom. A.to sit B.sat C.sit D.sitting,B,A,C,D,7.2018阜陽二模 We look forwar

13、d to you again. A.meeting B.meet C.see D.visit 8.2018蚌埠二模 Nancy spends half an hour the piano every day. A.to practice playing B.practicing playing C.practicing to play D.to practice to play 9.2018蚌埠二模 Im sorry, Miss Green. I left my math book at home. It doesnt matter. Please remember it here tomor

14、row. A.taking B.to take C.bringing D.to bring,A,B,D,10.2018潁上模擬 We will be free tomorrow, so I suggest the history museum. A.to visit B.visiting C.visit D.a visit 11.2018合肥一模 He used to in a small village, but now he has been used to in the big city. A.live; living B.live; live C.living; living D.living; live,10.Bsuggest doing sth. 建議做某事,后面跟動名詞,故應選B。,B,A,12.2018淮北二模 My hair grows long. I want to get it . OK, Ill go with you. A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.cuts 13.2018淮北一模 Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child? Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really reg