完成時(現(xiàn)在-過去-將來)ppt課件

1、the Present Perfect Tense,現(xiàn)在完成時,現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成,have / has +動詞過去分詞 時間狀語：already， yet， ever， never， just， before,規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞： 1）一般加+ ed: worked, started 2) “輔音+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，y 變成i后加ed: study-studied 3)以“e”結(jié)尾的動詞后加 “d”: hope-hoped 4)雙寫 輔音字母：stopped,動詞過去分詞形成方式： 規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化,動詞的過去式以及過去分詞,不規(guī)則動詞的過去式與過去分詞: AAA: put put put le

2、tlet let ABB: standstood stood ABA:becomebecamebecome ABC: eat ateeaten,現(xiàn)在完成時的不同的形式,肯定式：主語+has/have+過去分詞（p.p.）+. My sister has already washed all the clothes. 否定式：主語+hasnt+（p.p.）+. My sister hasnt already washed all the clothes. 疑問式：Has/have+主語+p.p.+? Has your sister already washed all the clothes?

3、肯定答語：Yes, 主語+has Yes, she has. 否定答語：No， 主語+hasnt No, she hasnt,He has lost his key. The key isnt in his pockets now,用法1,They are in the room now,They have come into the room,past,now,Yesterday , we cleaned the classroom,Now , the classroom is clean because we have cleaned it,用法1,強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響

4、,1. My father bought many books for me yesterday . Now , I have a lot to read because _ 2. I saw this film last week. Now, I know this film because I_. 3. I finished my homework yesterday. Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_,my father has bought many books for me,have seen it before,have fi

5、nished it,仍然，還 ” 用在疑問句和否定句中。 I havent read this book yet . Have you had breakfast yet ,already,Yet,已經(jīng)”通常用于肯定句中。 I have already posted the letter. 有時，也用在疑問句中表示驚訝。 Have you eaten up all the food already ,從來不” 用在否定句中。 Is he famous ?I have never heard of him,ever,never,曾經(jīng)”通常用于疑問句和肯定句中。 I have ever seen

6、this film. Have you ever been to the USA ,以前”用在完成時中，放在句尾。 have never read this kind of books before,just,before,剛剛 ”用在陳述句中。 Ihave just bought a novel,She began to work in 1999. She still works here now. She has worked at this school for 2 years,用法2,now,past,I began to teach English at this school fi

7、ve years ago,I have taught English at this school four five years,用法2,過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,1. I am a doctor. I began to work when I was 22.Now , I am 26. I _ for four years. 2. We went to the USA last Monday. Today is Monday . We _ (stay) in the USA since last Monday,have worked,have stayed,since and for,

8、The woman has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago,since 2 years ago,since 1998,since she came to the school,for + 一段時間,since+點時間,一、用for和since填空,_three hours _three oclock _two days _yesterday afternoon _I came here _last Sunday,_a week _a long time _1997 _two weeks _three years a

9、go _ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,1.Theyve known each other since_. A.1995 B. three years 2.Ive been interested in Chinese for_. A. last year B. one year 3. She has been a doctor for_. A. two years B.two years ago 4. Ive had a headache since_. A. I got up

10、this morning B. five hours 5. Weve been here for_. A. one hour B. one oclock,A,A,B,A,B,6. My parents have owned this house for_. A. a long time B. many years ago 7. Theyve been in love since_. A. last spring B. three months 8. We have known each other since_. A. one year B. last year 9. -How long ha

11、ve you been like this? -Since_. A.last night B. two days 10.-How long has she worked here? -She has worked here for_. A. 1993 B. six years,A,A,B,A,B,Exercise 根據(jù)所給情況，用just,already或yet造句。 1.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat? You say: No, thank you.

12、 ( have lunch ) 2.Joe goes out. Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says Can I speak to Joe? You say: Im afraid _.( go out,he has just gone out,Ive just had lunch,3.You are eating in a restaurant this evening. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.You s

13、ay: Wait a moment !_ ( not / finish ) 4.You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve(預(yù)定）a table. Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table? You say: No,_ it (do,I havent finished it yet,I have already done,5.You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perh

14、aps she has been successful. Ask her. You say:_? ( find ) 6.Ann went to the bank, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks Is Ann still at the bank ? You say: No, _. (come back,Have you already found the job,She has already came back,比較現(xiàn)在完成時和過去時的 區(qū)別： *現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的是過去 的行動所造成的現(xiàn)在的情況。 *一般過去時表示的是過去

15、發(fā) 生的事實,現(xiàn)在完成時不能和確定的過去 時間狀語連用，如：yesterday, last year, in 1976，two days ago, just now 但可以和一些不確定的時間狀語連用，也可和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用，如,already, yet, before, lately recently, once, twice, ever, never。 1)She has already come. 2)I havent read it yet,gocomeleavedie等詞語表示 的動作是一時的，不能延續(xù)， 不能與for、since等表示一段 時間的詞連用，如不能說： He h

16、as gone for two months.(F) 但可以說： He has been away for 2months,總結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時： 1、構(gòu)成：have / has +過去分詞。 2、概念：(1)表示過去或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在 成的影響或結(jié)果。常與下列狀語連用： already, just, yet, ever, never, before （2）表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的 一段時間的狀語連用。 a.for和表示一段時間的詞組連用。如：for 3 years b.since和表示過去某一時刻的詞或詞組連用。如：

17、 since 1997, since two years ago,since last week,過去完成時態(tài),2. 過去完成時可以表示過去某一時刻 或某一動作之前完成的動作或呈現(xiàn) 的狀態(tài)。也就是說發(fā)生在“過去的 過去,1. Past perfect Tense 過去完成時 構(gòu)成：had過去分詞,6:00 7:00 現(xiàn)在,By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes,過去完成時的不同的形式,肯定式：主語+had+過去分詞（p.p.）+. My sister had already washed all th

18、e clothes. 否定式：主語+hadnt+（p.p.）+. My sister hadnt already washed all the clothes. 疑問式：Had+主語+p.p.+? Had your sister already washed all the clothes? 肯定答語：Yes, 主語+had Yes, she had. 否定答語：No， 主語+hadnt No, she hadnt,The differences between Present Perfect tense and Past Perfect tense,現(xiàn)在完成時: 主語 + have / ha

19、s done 過去完成時: 主語 + had done,1.我到家時她已經(jīng)睡了,By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed,2.到昨天晚上時消息已傳遍全球,By yesterday evening the news had spread through the world,3.他走以后我找到了那封信,I found the letter after he had gone away,We reached the cinema late. The film had already been on for ten minutes,4.我們

20、到電影院晚了,電影已經(jīng)開始十分鐘了,常用的時間狀語等標(biāo)志詞： 1、by, before, when, by the time等構(gòu)成的短語或引導(dǎo)的從句。 Eg. 1)By the time she came to the bus stop, the bus had already gone. 2) We had finished the task before midnight. 3) When I arrived at the post office, I found that I had left the letter at home. 4) After I had finished my

21、homework, I went to bed,2、 由said, told, knew, heard, thought 等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中。 Eg. He told me that he had heard of it. I thought my homework had been fininshed. But I didnt. 3、 從過去開始， 一直持續(xù)到過去的另一時間的動作、狀態(tài)。常用since，for. Eg. She said that she had learned English for years since he came to our school 注意：瞬間動詞不能和一

22、段時間狀語，及since, for 引導(dǎo)的從句和短語連用,Eg. 1.When I got to the cinema, the film had begun for ten minutes. 2.When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for ten minutes. 3.He said the door had been opened for long. 4.He said the door had opened for long. 5.He said the door had been open for long,翻譯下列各句： 1、

23、當(dāng)我到達(dá)音樂廳的時，這名流行歌手已經(jīng)離開了。 2、到昨天早上，他已經(jīng)給我打了好幾個電話了。 3、當(dāng)醫(yī)生被派人請來時，這個病人已經(jīng)等了10分鐘了。 4、我昨天看到Jim了。我們已經(jīng)5年沒有見面了。 5、昨天我把我借的那本小說還給了圖書管,Can you do it,By yesterday morning, he _(call) me ten times. The patient _(die) when the doctor arrived. I saw Lin Feng yesterday. We _(not meet) each other for five years,had called

24、,had died,had not met,4. I returned the book that I_(borrow). 5. He said that he _(know) her well. 6. The match _(be) on for half an hour. 7. The match _(be) on for half an hour when I got there. 8. They _(do) the work at 11 oclock yesterday morning,had borrowed,had known,has been,had been,did,9. Th

25、ey _(do) the work by 11 oclock yesterday morning. 10. The pop singers _(leave) when I got to the music hall last night. What a pity! 11. How clean the room is today! Oh, yes! Who _(clean) it,had done,had left,cleaned,12.What were you doing when Jim phoned you? I _(finish) my homework and was startin

26、g to take a shower. 13. Have you ever been to Guilin? Yes. I _(go) there four months ago,had finished,went,將來完成時,Future Perfect Tense,將來完成時用來表示在將來某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動作。 經(jīng)常與before+將來時間或by+將來時間連用，也可與before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時的從句連用,Concept,狀態(tài)完成：表示某事繼續(xù)到將來某一時為止一直有的狀態(tài)。 b. 動作完成：表示將來某一時或另一個將來的動作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動作或一獲得的經(jīng)驗

27、,shall / will + have done 1. shall + have done 只用于第一人稱 2.will + have done 用于所有人稱,構(gòu)成形式,1.表示在將來某一時間之前已完成的動作，并往往對將來某一時間產(chǎn)生影響,用法,Eg. We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term. 到這個學(xué)期末，我們將學(xué)完12個單元,By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom. 你到家之前我將把房子徹底打掃一遍,2.表示推測，相當(dāng)于“must have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Eg.You will have heard of this,I guess