現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別ppt課件

1、ThePresentTense,英語課件,一.表示從過去某一時刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情,但動作或事情現(xiàn)在已經結束,eg：1. Someone has just turned off the light,有人剛把燈關了,2. I have already finished my homework,我已經完成了家作,二.表示從過去某一時刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情,但動作或事情可能仍在繼續(xù),eg：1. I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last,我想看看從上次見到那地方以來它發(fā)生了多大變化,2. I ha

2、ve learnt English for more than ten years,我已經學了10多年的英語,三.表示人曾有過或到目前為止從未有過的經歷,eg：1. Have you ever been to the Summar Palace,你曾去過頤和園嗎,2. I have never had a car,我從未有過汽車,四.現(xiàn)在完成時還常與句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 連用,eg：1.This is the first time he has driven a car,這是他第一次開車,五.現(xiàn)在完成時和最高級連用表示到現(xiàn)在為

3、止是最的,What a boring film,Its the most boring film Ive ever seen,現(xiàn)在完成時除了上述主要用法之外，還有一些其它用法，在此不一一講解，請學生自已學習、掌握,一部多么令人厭煩的電影啊,這是我看過的最令人厭煩的電影,現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別,第一單元已講解了現(xiàn)在完成時，在第一冊中也已講解了一般過去時的主要用法?，F(xiàn)將這兩種時態(tài)的用法加以區(qū)別，以便使學生更好地掌握，區(qū)別兩者的不同用法,一.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時注意的不是事情本身，而是強調事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）;而一

4、般過去時，則只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關系,eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已經買了一本英漢字典,eg：2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾買過一本英漢字典,第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時時態(tài)，意為：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典”,第二句用過去時只敘述過去他買過一本英漢字典這一事實，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強調說明,二當有一

5、個表示過去某一特定時間的狀語時，不用現(xiàn)在完成時，而用一般過去時,eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday,但since(自以來)+某一過去時間或敘述過去事情的從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時連用,eg：1. They have known each other since 1950,2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England,三常與一般過去時連用的典型的表示過去時間的狀語,yesterday(昨天),the other day (前兩天),just now(剛才)， 時間+ ago,last +時間 ; e

6、tc,eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago,飛機十分鐘前起飛了,eg: 2. We finished our task last week,我們上周完成了我們的任務,四常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段時間的詞短語或從句,so far (到現(xiàn)在為止)，up to (till,until)now直到現(xiàn)在，lately（最近）yet ,since+過去時間或敘述過去事情的從句,eg：1. The weather has been hot so far this summer,到目前為止，今夏天氣一直很熱,2.I havent seen her ye

7、t,我還未見到過她,五可與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，也可與一般過去時連用 的時間狀語,for +時間 ，this +時間,表示不確定時間： ever,never,before,just,recently,already,eg: 1.I have learnt English for three years,我學英語（到現(xiàn)在）三年了（仍在學,2.I learnt English for three years,我學了三年英語（現(xiàn)在不學了,3.I have written two letters this morning,今天上午我寫了兩封信，(說話時仍是上午,4.I wrote two letters t

8、his morning,今天上午我寫了兩封信，（下午或晚上說的,注：表示不確定時間的狀語，在句中無其它特定的過去時間狀語時，或無表示過去動作的從句時常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用,eg:1. I have not written to my parents recently,我最近一直未給父母寫信,2. I have met him many times before,我以前見過他多次,現(xiàn)在完成進行時的主要用法,表示一個持續(xù)了一段時間，剛剛結束或仍在繼續(xù)進行的動作。與現(xiàn)在完成時有所有同的是現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調動作本身或動作的持續(xù)性、持久性,eg：1. Weve been looking for you ev

9、erywhere.where have you been,我們一直在到處找你，你上哪兒去了,2. What have you been doing,你一直在做什么,3. Ive been writing a laboratory report. 我一直在寫實驗報告,PART B:EXERCISES,一.Find the choice : 1.When I was at school,I_to the library every day. A.go B.was going C.have goneD.went 2.The new books_yet. A.havent arrived B.hast

10、 arrived C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive 3._you ever_to shanghai. A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen,4.He_his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate 5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving,6.I

11、was so happy to see John again last Sunday ,We _each other for more than two years. A.havent seen B.hadnt seen C.didnt see D.hasnt seen 7.We _three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having,8.I_to Paris several times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going 9.Alice

12、_ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived C.lived D.has live,10.My uncle _in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived 11.By now old Wang _in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked C.works D.has worked,12.Christianity(基督教) has become a worldwide religion

13、(宗教) since it _almost two years ago. A. begin B.begins C.began D. has begin 13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written C.wrote D.has written,14.When we lived in phoenix we _ at Arizona State university. A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying 15.

14、I wrote to my parents three month ago but I_to my parents lately. A.havent written B.dont write C.didnt write D.will not write,16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.will go 17.She _an actress for some time . A.was B.being C.is D.has been,18.Professor Che

15、n _our exams yet. A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked C.will not mark D.havent marked 19.He left last year and_away ever since. A.is B.have been C.was D.has been 20. I_my task the other day. A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish,二. choose the one that is wrong: 1.I lived in this city since I was

16、a child . 2.I lost my pen, I have to write with a pencil . 3.Hangzhou is the most beautiful city I saw . 4.She has read the book last week,C,5.My classmates and I have visited the memorial hall of chairman Mao yesterday . 6.My grandmother has lived with us since my grandfather has died six years ago

17、,7.After breakfast she takes a walk to buy the morning paper she does this every morning for ten years . 8.It was very hot lately ,but its beginning to get a bit cooler . 9.Have you gone to the great wall?Yes,I have ,I went there last Sunday,三.Fill in the blanks For the last three days I 1_(work ) h

18、ard.When we moved in three days ago ,everything was in a mess ,but now I 2 almost ( finish) the job. Today I 3 (work)since breakfast and 4 (not have )anything to eat . Anne 5 (bring )me a sandwich an hour ago but I 6 (tell) her not to come into the kitchen,I 7 (never,forget) what 8 (happen) several years ago when she tried to help me ,I 9 (hot have )many accidents since then but Anne 10 (often,warn)me to be careful . she 11 (warn) me again this morning at breakfast time,but I 12 (work)for four