高中閱讀七選五題型分析和解題方法(無答案

1、高中閱讀七選五題型分析和解題方法一、題型簡介給出一篇約300詞的短文中留出5個空白，要求考生從所給的7個選項中選出最佳選項，使補(bǔ)足后的短文意思通順、前后連貫。二、考查重點主要考察考生對上下文的推理判斷能力、對文章基本結(jié)構(gòu)的理解能力以及還原信息、完形短文的能力。（考試說明）三、題材特點以說明文或議論文為主。有時也有記敘文四、選項特點1、主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）2、過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）3、注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）4、標(biāo)題型：短小精悍 （名稱型短語，祈使句）5、首句型： 1） 首段首句：點出主題，引出下文。 2） 中間段首句：本段主題，上下文承接。 3） 末段首句： 文章主題，總結(jié)全文。七選

2、五解題技巧一、方法n 看文章結(jié)構(gòu)n 找關(guān)鍵詞n 找邏輯關(guān)系大標(biāo)題短小精悍，大寫大標(biāo)題Step 1 Structure 文章結(jié)構(gòu)What to expect at high school Are you super worried about what to expect at high school? Well, guess what? Everyone is! The following tips will help guide you safely through your first day! Be on timeWhen meeting someone for .Introduce y

3、ourself and ask for namesMake sure you properly.Smile!小標(biāo)題Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!小標(biāo)題短小精悍，結(jié)構(gòu)一致Be fun! Listen! Be fun!_G_ Think about the people you most enjoy being withusually they are always on the up and up. Being fun makes people happy and brightens the way they th

4、ink of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face.段首概括文段，與小標(biāo)題相呼應(yīng)A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Classwork is a great icebreaker.D.Say “hello” and see what happens. E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can

5、manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy. How fast can a home remodeling(改造)段中承上啟下project be completed? _A_ At least, thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces. A.About 48 hours.B.Wow! Thats great!C.But you didnt see that on

6、 the show. D.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.E.It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.F.But one couple in Portland, Oregon, hated their new room.G.The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.They work a lot more. Almost every extremely succes

7、sful person works more hours than the average persona lot more. They have long lists of things they want to get done. _D_段尾總結(jié)，承上啟下A.They avoid the crowds.B.They are never too proud.C.Decide where you want to end up. D.So they have to put in lots of time.E.Keep in mind selling isnt controlling.F.Succ

8、essful people dont try to win just one race.G.But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.小結(jié)一 Structure 文章結(jié)構(gòu)n 大標(biāo)題n 小標(biāo)題n 段首n 段中n 段尾Step 2 Key words 關(guān)鍵詞n Before you shake hands with somebody, make sure that your hands are clean. The handshake should not be too strong or weak. Most people u

9、se their right hands, unless they have a reason to use the left._C_同詞重復(fù)A. It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby. B. Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression.C. However, dont have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.A birthday sur

10、prise Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen. He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._B_ Where was his birthday cake? Did his family forget his special day?同構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)A. And there was nobody. B. Where were his birthday presents? 同構(gòu)詞C. All he saw was a not no the grou

11、nd. Dont forget to wear a helmet(頭盔) Whether youre a beginner or an expert, youre going to fall, and sometimes youre going to fall hard. “I went down to one run that was pretty hard,” Nate, a skiing learner, says, “ C ”You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(裝備) Some skiers who owned ni

12、ce winter jackets couldnt go on the trip. E “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear. That was very helpful,” says 13-year-old Matt Rizer.同疇詞A. Dont worry about falling. B. I felt like I was learning pretty quickly. C. I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet.D. Dont think that

13、 you ski well enough not to wear a helmet. E. So they lent their clothes to other skiers.同構(gòu)詞n fall fell （不同時態(tài)）n beauty beautifuln act action （不同詞性）n mate roommate n police policeman （相同詞根）同疇詞 （疇：范疇）n jacket(夾克) clothes (衣服) 夾克是衣服中的一種。如：fruit： apple, orange, banana furniture bed, table, armchair spor

14、ts: running, swimming, jumping類別具體近義詞n Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents._B_A. There are two types of parents love. B. It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.反義詞When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. _A_ But for many of us the

15、 process is difficult and requires courage.A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. 空格句在段首段落主題句：閱讀后文的內(nèi)容，推斷出段落主題，選出正確選項。過渡句：在后文找不到解題線索時，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上啟下的作用，試著從上一段的結(jié)尾處尋找線索。正確選項通常與上一段結(jié)尾能夠自然地銜接起來。 空格句在段尾總結(jié)、概括性句子：閱讀選項，先搜尋選項中是否有表總結(jié)的詞、詞組，如in

16、 conclusion，in summary,in a word, therefore等等；再看哪個選項是對前文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)、概括。過渡句：引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在前文中找不到線索，就從下一段的開頭尋找提示，看看是否有哪個選項可以和下一段開頭形成有機(jī)的銜接。本段所闡述問題的一個方面：段尾的空格句是段落主題下的一個細(xì)節(jié)，和前文是并列、排比、轉(zhuǎn)折等關(guān)系。抓住關(guān)聯(lián)詞或段落結(jié)構(gòu)，對比選項，得出答案。首段末句：空格句在第一段末尾出現(xiàn)，很有可能是全文的主題句。此時要把握全文主題來分析作答。小結(jié)二 Key words 關(guān)鍵詞n 同詞重復(fù)n 同構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)（相同句型結(jié)構(gòu)，相同詞不同結(jié)構(gòu)）Tip: 就近原則n 同疇詞n

17、 近義詞n 反義詞n 需要指出的是，詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)法解題十分管用，但這并不意味著凡與上下文有復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項就一定是正確選項，只是正確的可能性更大，在解題過程中需重點考慮或優(yōu)選考慮而已。是否為正確答案，還得將選項代入原文，檢驗選項與上下文能否自然銜接，只有上下銜接緊密的才是正確選項。Step 3 Logical relationship 邏輯關(guān)系n 1. _B_ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟買市), in India.n A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.n B. Most peopl

18、e think the capital of the movie is Hollywood, in the USA.轉(zhuǎn)折n 2. _A_ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not.n A. Some people succeed, while others may not.n B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”因果n 3._A_ In the other words, when you are in love with som

19、eone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.n A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.”n B. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.解釋n 4. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._B_ Second, your notes ar

20、e excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.n A. You must write your notes on separate paper.n B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.并列（順序）小結(jié)三 Logical Relationship 邏輯關(guān)系n 轉(zhuǎn)折n 因果n 解釋n 并列（順序）n 常見的邏輯關(guān)系詞并列： also, too,

21、then, and, as well as, not onlybut also, first, second, firstly, next, for one thing, for another thing, eitheror, neithernor因果： for, because, because of, such, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, as a result, consequently, so轉(zhuǎn)折： however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in

22、 spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise, but, while.解釋： in fact, actually, for example, in other words, as a matter of fact, that is to say.遞進(jìn)： further, furthermore, more over, whats more, besides, in addition, not onlybut also小結(jié)四 代詞指代當(dāng)選項，空格前后出現(xiàn)代詞，一定要重視，絕對是解題的超級線索。出現(xiàn)代詞，就說明前文中