(整理)高中完形填空詳解附答案(最新整理)

1、精品文檔四、完形填空i. 解題技巧完型填空 考查綜合運用語言的能力：1) 詞語辨析能力2) 語法結構分析能力3) 語篇理解能力4) 邏輯推理能力5) 文化背景透析能力6) 作者意圖剖析能力7) 生活常識綜合運用能力近幾年高考的完形填空題在命題設計上出現(xiàn)了重大突破，一改過去對語法，句式關系及固定句型的考查，而側重于考查學生的邏輯思維能力和對具體語境的把握，尤其是對整體語義的理解能力。它要求考生不但要有比較扎實的語言知識，較大的詞匯量，而且要具有一定的語篇分析能力及邏輯思維能力。要做好這種題型，考生除了必備的語言基礎知識和基本技能之外，還應了解其命題特點，掌握一定的解題技巧。做完形填空時要注意文章

2、開頭提示句的點題作用和短文中完整句的啟示作用。首先要快速瀏覽全文，弄清各段落之間，各層次之間的內在聯(lián)系，把握文章的完整性。只有這樣才符合這種題型的解題思路。具體的講，還應注意以下幾個方面：一、完形填空要考查的幾個方面:1.根據上下文語境來確定最佳選項近年來的完形填空試題在選項的設置上越來越淡化語法結構，重在文意的干擾，即把具體的語言知識溶進具體的語言情景中去，考查考生通過上下文的前后提示或暗示，對整體文意進行把握的能力。這種考查方式所占的比例較大，且難度也大，若單純從句子或個別段落來分析，或許所給的四個答案在語法和結構上都是正確的，若放在全局，則不一定正確。因此，快速瀏覽全文，領悟文章主旨，通

3、過上下文的語境來選擇答案是解決這類題的關鍵。例 1： i climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. by the time i got to the third floor, i was 1 and the same time feeling lonely. worse still, dad 2 a step and fell, sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.精品文檔1. a. helplessb. lazyc

4、. anxiousd. tired2. a. tookb. mindedc. missedd. picked3. a. rollingb. passingc. droppingd. turning分析：在把握上文“我提著衣箱緩慢地上樓梯”的情況下，可知 1 題答案為 d. tired，即當我到達三樓時，已經很累了；再從爸爸“提著兩只衣箱跟在我后面”以及下文的信息詞“fell”可知此句的意思是：爸爸少跨了一步摔倒了，衣箱滾下了樓梯。因此 2、3 題的答案分別為 c、a， 盡管其它選項在語法上均無錯誤。例 2: but ella fant, who was filed with 1 , shout

5、ed at the top of her voice, look at 2 theyre all out of 3 except my john isnt he the best 1. a. sadness b. happiness c. surprised. regret2. a. themb. thosec. thatd. him3. a. sightb. orderc. mindd. step分析：考慮上下文的語境，第一個空的后邊既然“是聲嘶力竭的喊叫”就不能是 a、d 項，特別是通過最后一句 isnt he the best推知母親此時的感覺是“幸福”的。所以 1 題的答案選 b。2

6、題的答案選 a. them 是因為其后用了 theyre。3 題通過全篇語境知道此時描述的游行隊伍里一個人的步伐與其他人的不同，答案應與“步伐”有關，所以答案選 d. step。2. 根據生活常識及文化背景知識進行邏輯推理 nmet 完形填空往往以自身的內容提供完整的語篇信息，其間交織滲透著各類相關的文化背景知識和生活常識，考查考生靈活運用該方面知識的能力。解決這類題目，考生不僅要有廣博的知識、豐富的生活經歷，還要能夠駕馭全文，不僅理解文章的表層意義，而且要弄清文章的深層意義。當對語言的把握不很準確時， 可充分利用社會文化知識和生活常識來幫助判斷。例 1： it was an early mo

7、rning in summer. in the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 1. this was the beginning of another 2 day in new york city.1. a. jobsb. homesc. busesd. offices2. a. workingb. hotc. samed. ordinary分析：從信息詞“early morning”和“sleepy-eyed”來判斷，b. homes 不符合邏輯，按生活經驗， 他們是去上班。這時有

8、些考生也許會認為，既然上班，就要去“擠公交車”或“去辦公室”。但上班的方式也有步行的、騎車的或坐地鐵的，也有自己開車去的。人們上班有去農場的、煤礦的，還有去工廠車間的，不一定去辦公室。因此，c. buses 和 d. offices 不符合生活實際。1 題只有 a. jobs 才是最合乎邏輯的選項，人們起床后，各自奔向自己的工作崗位。而這種情況是天天發(fā)生，是平平常常的，因此 2 題答案是 d. ordinary。例 2：（nmet1998）every morning she would give him breakfast 29 bed and bring him the papers to

9、30.29. a. tob. atc. ind. by30. a. checkb. readc. keepd. sign分析：29 題的答案是 c，bed 的前面應當用介詞 in。至于 30 題，就要用到相應的文化背景知識：外國人有早上讀報的習慣，句中 papers 即報紙（newspapers）。這是理解文章細節(jié)的關鍵。有了這些文化背景知識，便可迅速推斷出最佳選項 b. read。因為生活中過分溺愛孩子的母親，讓兒子“在床上”吃早飯，“讀”早報是很自然的事情，這也正與文章的主旨相吻合。3. 根據詞語的習慣用法和固定搭配來選擇答案詞的固定搭配，特別是動詞的搭配在完形填空題中出現(xiàn)的比例也是比較大

10、的，多數(shù)題目涉及到動詞的用法和各種搭配關系，這是由動詞在句子中的重要性決定的。動詞在搭配關系上與名詞、介詞、副詞的用法緊密相關。 解決這類題目要求考生多讀、多記，對所學習語或固定搭配牢固掌握，并能靈活運用。例 1：（nmet1992）mrs. clark was 38 tea at the time.38. a. cooking b. making c. burning d. serving分析：從動詞與名詞的搭配關系角度考慮，“沏茶”用 make tea, “上茶”用 serve the tea,這是語言使用過程當中約定俗成的習慣用法，所以該題正確答案是 b. making，考生也不應受漢語

11、思維習慣的影響而誤選 a。例 2: the other day i was sitting in a small restaurant 1 a quiet drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly 2 me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking. it wasnt long 3 the whole room was filled with smoke.1. a. haveb. hadc. havingd. have had2. a. seemedb. struckc.

12、 sankd. showed3. a. agob. afterc. befored. now分析：解題 1 選 c，是因為它這里是表伴隨。解題 2 選 b 是因為 struck 的意思有”使想到”,其它幾個意思不符，搭配也不合理。解題 3 選 c，it isnt long before 是一個固定搭配的句型。4. 根據詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義從而確定答案完形填空題的考查雖然越來越淡化語法， 但對語言點的考查依然存在，不過主要體現(xiàn)在詞匯搭配和語義辨析兩個方面。要做好這種題目，必須盡量將詞語辨析與情節(jié)推理和邏輯推理結合起來，從詞匯意義入手，抓住情節(jié)線索解決問題。例 1：dad taught me

13、a lot about life, especially its hard times.i remembered one of his 1 , one night when i was ready to quit (退出) a political campaign（運動）i was losing, and wrote about it in my diary.tired, feeling the months of 2 , i went up to my study to make some notes.1. a. classesb. advicec. lessonsd. talks2. a.

14、 struggleb. working c. battled. defence分析：class（課，班級，階級）advice（忠告，建議，不可數(shù)名詞）lesson（課程，教訓）talk（談話，講演），根據短文中提供的信息，應該是作者準備退出一場失敗了的政治活動時，父親“教訓”了他一頓，所以 1 題的答案是 c. lessons。2 題的選項 b. working（工作，勞動）, d.defence（防衛(wèi)，辯護）明顯不合乎邏輯，a. struggle 意為“斗爭，戰(zhàn)爭”，c. battle 是指大型戰(zhàn)役中的小規(guī)?！皯?zhàn)斗”。作者在這次政治活動中經歷了數(shù)月的艱辛，為爭取某種權利而進行了艱苦的“斗爭”

15、，根據文章的情節(jié)線索我們可以確定最佳選項是 a。這兩個題的解決都借助了詞義的辨析，同時也離不開對短文情節(jié)發(fā)展的把握。例 2：she noticed how nervous he was and suggested he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play.it was a good 1 of getting rid of his nervousness, she said. she was right, it seemed to 2 .1.a. ideab. wayc. pathd. plan

16、2.a. dob. winc. workd. act分析：句中“她”注意到“他”很緊張，建議“他”觀看表演以消除緊張。顯然，“她”所建議的是一種消除緊張的“方法”。1 題的四個選項 a. idea（想法，意見） b. way（路線，方法） c. path（小路，路線） d. plan（計劃，規(guī)劃） 中只有 b 選項有此含義，無疑是最佳答案。緊接下來的一句話是“她說得對，這個方法似乎有效?！? 題的四個選項 a.do（做，盡力） b. win（獲勝，奪得）c. work（工作，起作用） d. act（行動，表演）中只有 c 選項有“奏效” 這個含義，自然應該是最佳答案。這兩個題的解答也是在考慮上

17、下文的前提下，從詞匯意義入手的。二、做完形填空題應從以下方面入手（一）、首先要以很快的速度瀏覽全文，掌握文章的主旨，不要急于看選項。瀏覽全文時要重點了解文中所敘述的人物、時間、地點、事件，即 who，when, where，what。完形填空命題的原則一般是第一句話不挖空，目的是使讀者進入語境，因此一定要認真閱讀這句話。（二）、根據故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展選詞，確定所填的詞與文中哪個詞有關系以及動作是在什么場合發(fā)生的。（三）、試填之后將所選定的詞放到文章中復讀檢查。(“字面譯、通邏輯、搞代入、全文譯”)具體操作中應注意的問題1. 看清上下文，找準定位詞充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的

18、詞或句。這些詞有時可能是同義詞或反義詞。例如：1) some parts of the water are very shallow. but in some places it is very very.a. deepb. highc. coldd. dangerous2) mrs oneill askedquestions and shedidnt scold us either.a. nob. certainc. manyd. more分析:1.根據轉折連詞 but 的提示，所填入的詞應與 shallow 相反，因此答案為 a。2. and 是一個并列連詞；either 為副詞，用在否定

19、句或否定詞后加強語勢，由此可以確定所填的詞也應是一個否定意義的詞，因此答案是 a。2. 通順邏輯，尋求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據內容選擇正確的短語。例如：heres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himselfso much money.a. forb. byc. tod. of分析: 表示“自取，隨便拿”這個意義的短語是 help oneself to故答案為 c。3. 扎實基礎，搞清辨異soon i heard alike that of a door bu

20、rst in and then a climb of feet.a. soundb. cryc. voiced. shout分析: 選項中的四個詞都表示不同的聲音，但 b，c，d 項的三個詞都是指從嗓子里發(fā)出的聲音，而 sound 則表示各種各樣的聲音。因此答案是 a。4. 看清執(zhí)行者，確定所選詞and video cameras can be used topeoples actions at home.a. keepb. makec. recordd. watch分析: 句中動作的發(fā)出者是 video cameras因此答案是c，意思是“記錄”。5. 尋求上下邏輯，從容確定關系it has

21、 been many years since i was last in londoni still remember something that happened during that visit.a. andb. forc. butd. as分析: 根據句前的 many years 和句后的 still remember 答案應選表示轉折的連詞 but.6. 了解生活常識，確定相關知識(immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.a. animalb. biggestc. plan

22、td. nearest分析: 在這樣的緊急情況下，人們的第一個反應是到最近的醫(yī)院就醫(yī)，因此答案為 d。三、解此類題主要從以下四步做起：第一步重視首句，把握開篇。完形填空一般無標題，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句， 全文信息從此開始。細讀首句，可判斷文章體裁，預測全文大意和主旨。第二步速讀全文，掌握大意。速讀全文要一氣呵成，盡管有空格、生詞或不明白的地方， 仍要快速讀下去。讀時要注意找出關鍵詞、中心詞，劃出某些代表人物和情節(jié)的詞，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基礎上，邊閱讀，邊做題，這樣速度慢、準確率低。第三步瞻前顧后，靈活答題?！罢扒邦櫤蟆?，即先讀所填詞的句子，回顧上一句，兼顧下一句

23、。如果一句中有兩個空白待填，在初定答案時要“雙管齊下”，在兩處同時試填，然后通讀全句，確定答案。答題方法：1）擇優(yōu)法：根據文章及結構邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個考證其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一時難以確定，可按空格位置， 從語法結構、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習慣用法、詞義辨析等方面，對選項逐項分析試填。排除干擾項，從而確定正確答案。第四步復核全文，調整答案。把填好的短文通讀一遍，進行核查同時注意以下三點：1. 上下文的一致性：即時態(tài)語態(tài)的一致；代詞、名詞、單復數(shù)的一致。2. 從語法和慣用法及習慣搭配、甚至語感入手，看是否符合上下文的邏輯。3. 段與段、句與句之間的銜接是否連

24、貫。這次復核至關重要，常能糾正一兩處甚至多處錯誤。同時對極難確定的答案，也要憑語感任猜一個，決不可不選。根據以上方法做下列完形填空：1different things usually stand for different feelings. red, for example, is the color of fire, heat, blood and life. people say red is an exciting and active color. they associate（使發(fā)生聯(lián)系） red with a strong feeling like 1. red is used

25、for signs of 2, such as stop signs and fireengines. orange is the bright, warm color of 3in autumn. people say orange is a 4color. they associate orange with happiness. yellow is the color of 5. people say it is acheerful color. they associate yellow too, with happiness. green is the cool color of g

26、rass in 6. people say it is a refreshing color. in general, people 7two groups of colors: warmcolors and cool colors. the warm colors are red, orange and 8. where there are warm colorand a lot of light, people usually want to be 9. those who like to be with 10 _ like red. thecool colors are 11_ and

27、blue. where are these colors, people are usually worried. somescientists say that time seems to 12 _ more slowly in a room with warm colors. they suggestthat a warm color is a good 13_ for a living room or a 14_ . people who are having a rest orare eating do not want time to pass quickly. 15colors a

28、re better for some offices if thepeople working there want time to pass quickly.1. a. sadnessb. angerc. administrationd. smile2. a. roadsb. waysc. dangerd. places3. a. landb. leaves c. grassd. mountains4. a. livelyb. darkc. noisyd. frightening5. a. moonlightb. lightc. sunlightd. stars6. a. summerb.

29、spring c. autumnd. winter7. a. speakb. sayc. talk aboutd. tell8. a. greenb. yellowc. whited. gray9. a. calmb. sleepy c. actived. helpful10. a. the otherb. anotherc. other oned. others11. a. blackb. greenc. goldend. yellow12. a. go roundb. go byc. go offd. go along13. a. oneb. wayc. factd. matter14.

30、a. factoryb. classroom c. restaurantd. hospital15. a. differentb. coolc. warmd. all2charlie came from a poor village. his parents had 1money to send him to school whenhe was young. the boy was very sad. mr. king lived next to him. he found the boy 2andhad pity on him and lent some money to him. so t

31、he boy could go to school. he studied hard and 3all his lessons. when he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in thetown. and he began to work.once mr. king was seriously hurt in an accident. dying, he asked charlie to take care of his daughter, sharon. the young man 4and sev

32、eral years later he married the girl. he loved hervery much and tried his best to make her happy. he often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. he was good at cooking and he cooked 5for her. so she became very fat andshe felt it difficult to walk. and one day she found there was some

33、thing wrong with her heart. her husband wasnt at home and she had to go to 6at once. the doctors looked her over and toldher 7eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. she was afraid 8the doctorswords and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. when she got home, she put the list on th

34、e table and 9. when she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat,sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. charlie was busy 10there. as soon as he saw her, he saidhappily, “ive bought all the food you like, dear!”1. a. nob. somec. muchd. enough2. a. lazyb. cleverc. carefuld. hard3.

35、 a. did well inb. was poor at c. was workingd. was good for4. a. was angryb. thought hardc. agreedd. said “no.”5. a. a littleb. a fewc. manyd. a lot6. a. restb. sleepc. hospitald. work7. a. shouldb. wouldc. tod. not to8. a. to remember b. to forgetc. to catchd. to teach9. a. sleptb. went outc. cooke

36、dd. ate10. a. readingb. seeingc. cookingd. writing3why do i want to go to college? no one has ever asked me 1 _ a question. but many timesi have asked myself. i have 2a whole variety of reasons. 3important reason is that iwant to be a better man.many things make human beings different 4or better tha

37、n or even superior to animals.one of the most important things is 5. if i fail to receive higher education, my education 6. as i want to be a fully 7man, i must get a well-rounded education, which goodcolleges and universities are supposed to 8. i know one can get educated in many ways, butcolleges

38、and universities are 9the best places to teach me how to educate myself. only wheni am well-educated, will i be a better human being and 10 fit into society.1. a. quiteb. soc. suchd. another2. a. come up with b. agreed with c. been fed up with d. got on well with3. a. mostb. the mostc. mored. much4.

39、 a. tob. aroundc. betweend. from5. a. educationb. weatherc. temperatured. science6. a. finishedb. dont finish c. will not finishd. has finished7. a. developb. developed c. developingd. experience8. a. improveb. graduatec. heard. provide9. a. betweenb. amongc. insided. outside10. a. can goodb. may be

40、tter c. be able to better d. be able to best4it is interesting how nasa(美國航空航天管理局)chose their astronauts for landing them on the moon. they chose men 1 the age of twenty and thirty-five. there were about fifty of them , many were 2 air pilots. 3 were scientists with two or three degrees. nasa teleph

41、oned each man they were going to choose ;told him the plans and the 4 they might get in. they then asked him if he was willing to be trained as an astronaut. “ how could any man5 such an exciting job?” one of them said, “ dangerous? of course. its dangerous 6most exciting”the health and physical con

42、dition of 7 was, of course, very necessary. 8 those in very good health and physical condition were chosen.while being trained to be astronauts. they went through many 9 . they studied the star and the moon , and they also studied geology, the science of rocks. this was necessary 10astronauts would

43、have to look for rocks on the moon. they would try to find rocks which might help to tell the 11 of the moon. they were all 12 to fly in helicopters （直升飛機）。these helicopters landed 13 down to give them some experience of the way the spaceship would 14 land on the moon , they were also taught the 15

44、facts about the conditions in space. they learnt all the technical details of the spaceships and rockets. they visited the scientists and engineers who 16 them. they visited the factories where they were 17 . they learnt how every 18 of a space-ship and its instruments work. they also learnt every d

45、etail of ground-control 19 .1aatbbetweencofdon2aexperiencedboldctraineddyoung3anonebfewcothersdthey4adangersbsadnesschardshipdtroubles5aacceptbreceivecofferdrefuse6abutbifcthoughdhowever7athe scientistsbmencpilotsdyoung people8aasbonlycifdor9ajobsbplacesccoursesdways10aforbbecausecsincedso that11ast

46、orybbackgroundcagedname12ashownbtrainedctolddlet13astraightbstraightlycindirectlyddirectly14apossiblyblikelycactuallydreally15anot knownbwell-knowncunknowndknown16adrewbproducedcdesigneddmade17a repairedbbuiltcdevelopeddfixed18apartbmovementcmachinedbody19ahousebstopcsystemdstation20awell-donebwell-

47、fedcwell keptdwell-informedin a word , to be chosen as an astronaut. one must be in good health, 20 in science and good at piloting參考答案1.名師點評不同顏色往往可以代表不同的心情。根據不同顏色的特點以及給人留下的感覺，顏色的選擇在日常生活中往往也起著一定的作用。本文以其中的一些顏色為例作了相關的解釋說明，是一篇知識性很強的文章。答案簡析1. b。根據上文的 strong feeling 可知 anger 最合乎文意。2. c。下文所列舉的例子 stop sign

48、s 和 fire engines 都屬于危險信號，故選擇 danger。3b。根據常識，黃色應是秋天樹葉的顏色，故應選 leaves。4. a。下文提到人們把黃色和幸福聯(lián)系起來，說明黃色是一個充滿生機的顏色，故選 lively。5. c。下文提到黃色是令人愉快的顏色，根據常識太陽光的顏色是黃色，故選 sunlight。6. b。綠色是春季里草的顏色，故選 spring。7. c。speak 后面往往接某種語言作賓語；say 后面常接說話的內容；tell 的賓語一般是人； talk about sth.意為談論某事物。故 c 為正確選項。8. b。根據上文對 yellow 的解釋。說明 yell

49、ow 也屬于 warm color。9. c。與下文喜歡冷色調的人相對應，再根據上文對各種暖色調的選擇，active 合乎文意為正確選項。10. d。others 相當于 other people 意為“別的人”。another 指“另一個”。other one不可單獨使用，the other one 指“另外的一個”。11a。四個選項中只有 black 可歸納到冷色調當中去。12. b。go around 意為“到處走動”；go off 意為“離開，爆炸”；go along 意為“前進， 進行”；go by 意為“走過，流逝”。根據文意，應選 go by。13. b。way 根據上文，暖色調

50、的環(huán)境下時間似乎過得更慢，說明暖色調是用來裝飾居室和飯館的好方法，故選擇 way。14. c。比較四個場所只有飯館適合使用暖色調。15. b。與暖色調相對立，冷色調適用于辦公室，以使人感覺時間過得比較快。2.名師點評本文講述了查理為報答金先生生前對自己的大恩大德，在娶了金先生女兒為妻之后精心照料她，卻導致妻子營養(yǎng)過剩而患病去醫(yī)院檢查。醫(yī)生列出她不能吃的食物，深愛妻子的查理不明情況，反而照單為妻子買了上面的各種食物。答案簡析1. a。查理家境貧困，父母沒有錢資助他上學，故選 no。2. b。根據下文，查理不負眾望，說明他聰明好學，故選 clever。3. a。查理學習刻苦，并順利完成了學業(yè)，說明

51、他各門功課成績較好，故選 did well in。d 選項介詞用錯，正確詞組為 was good at。4. c。根據下文查理娶了金先生女兒為妻并精心呵護她，說明查理同意了金先生的請求，故選 agreed。5. d。根據下文妻子胖得不能走路，說明她食物吃得多。此外食物為不可數(shù)名詞因， 此只能用 a lot of 來修飾。6. c。心臟不好，應去醫(yī)院檢查，下文指出為她檢查的正是醫(yī)生，故選hospital。7. d。由于她的病是因營養(yǎng)過剩引起的，醫(yī)生應讓她不要吃肉，糖果之類的食物， 故選 not to。8. b。她害怕忘了醫(yī)生的指示，因此將其寫在紙上，故選 to forget。9. b。與下文相對

52、應，這里應填 went out。10. c。擅長烹飪的查理將菜買回之后，肯定要忙著為愛妻做飯，故 cooking 為正確答案。3.名師點評本文主要圍繞“我為什么要上大學？”這一話題展開討論，首先介紹了教育對人發(fā)展的重要性，然后說明大學在教育中的地位，從而層次分明地解釋了上大學的原因。答案簡析1. c。such 常用在不定冠詞或名詞前修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，表示“此類的”、“這種的”，故 such 為正確選項。2. a。come up with 意為“提出、找出”；agree with 意為“同意”；be fed up with 意為“對厭倦”；get on well with 意為“和相處得好”。根據文意 a 為正確選項。3. b。上文講到我曾找到過各種各樣的原因，其中最重要的原因應當是，因此這里應用important 的最高級，故選 the most。4. d。固定結構 be different from 表示“不同于”。5. a。本段著重說明了教育在人的發(fā)展中的作用，以及大學在教育中的地位。作為總括句， 本空應填 education。6. c。這是一個含有條件狀語從句的復合句，意為“如果我不能受到更高等的教育，我就無法完成我的學業(yè)”，故選 will not finish 為正確選擇。7. b。這里只能選可作定語的選項。過去分詞 developed 表示“成熟的”，為正確