一般過去時語法(最新整理)

1、一般過去時它表示的是：某個動作作發(fā)生在過去的時間里，并且這個動作已經(jīng)完成了。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：last year, yesterday 等；也可表示過去經(jīng)常反復發(fā)生的動作，常和 often, always 等頻率副詞連用。一般過去時-基本概念1. “過去的時間”可長可短，哪怕是一分鐘之前發(fā)生的事，也是過去時，時間用just now 表示；當然一萬年前發(fā)生的事更是過去時；2. 這個“過去的時間”一般是比較籠統(tǒng)的“一段”時間，比如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a

2、few days ago, when. 等等。也就是說，“過去的時間”不是一個非常準確的時間，因為如果是明確的時間，就要用過去進行時了。3. 過去時表示的動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，它側(cè)重于這個事情已經(jīng)做過并已完成，跟現(xiàn)在沒有多大的聯(lián)系。如果要強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，就要用現(xiàn)在完成時了。一般過去時-句型構(gòu)成一般過去時一般過去時主要是通過謂語動詞的變化來表示的。英語中每種時態(tài)都要求謂語動詞進行相應的變化。在一般過去時里，要求謂語動詞用動詞“過去式”。原形動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，可以概括為兩類：一類是規(guī)則的變化，另一類是不規(guī)則的變化。1.規(guī)則變化的動詞過去式(1) 在詞尾加 ed 或 d英語中大部分動詞過去式都是

3、規(guī)則變化的，即在動詞后加上 ed；如果結(jié)尾字母是不發(fā)音的 e，則只要加上一個 d 就行了。例如：work-workedclean-cleanedplay-played decide-decidedlive-livedlove-loved(2) 以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的，變 y 為 i 加 edstudy-studiedhurry-hurriedcarry-carried(3) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母再加 ed stop-stoppeddrop-droppedwag-wagged 2.不規(guī)則變化的動詞過去式不規(guī)則變化是指過去式不能加 ed，用另外一個詞來表示。這樣的不規(guī)則過去式也有

4、很多，只有靠一個一個去記憶了。例如：is/am-wasare-werehave/has-hadshall-shouldwill-wouldcan-couldmay- might go-wentcome-cametake-tooksit-satsay-saidget-gotswim-swam run-ranwrite-wrotesing-sangtell-told speak-spokebegin-beganbreak-broke不規(guī)則變化中，還有少數(shù)詞的過去式與原形動詞完成相同；read 的過去式只是讀音改變了。例如：cut-cutput-putlet-letread-read redkeep

5、-keptfeel-feltsleep-sleptsweep-swept build-builtlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentring-rangsit-satdrink-dranksing-sangswim-swam think-thoughtbuy-boughtbring-broughtfight-fought teach-taughtcatch-caughtknow-knewgrow-grewthrow-threwdraw-drew 3.規(guī)則動詞過去式的讀音在清輔音p k f s 等后，ed 要讀t。例如： worked, finished在元音或濁輔音b g

6、v z m等后，ed 要讀d。例如：lived, called在t或d后，ed 讀id。例如：started，needed一般過去時-句型用法1. 在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 等。where did you go just now?2. 表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。when i was a child, i often played football in the street.whenever the browns went duri

7、ng their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3. 句型：it is time for sb. to do sth到時間了該了 it is time sb. did sth. 時間已遲了早該了it is time for you to go to bed.你該睡覺了。it is time you went to bed.你早該睡覺了。would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示寧愿某人做某事 id rather you came tomorrow.4. wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性

8、的詢問、請求、建議等。i thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。比較：一般過去時表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復存在。christine was an invalid all her life. (含義：她已不在人間。)christine has been an invalid all her life. (含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著)mrs. darby lived in kentucky for seven years. (含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)mrs. darby has lived in kentucky for seven years

9、. ( 含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。1.動詞 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。did you want anything else?i wondered if you could help me. 2.情態(tài)動詞 could, would.could you lend me your bike?一般過去時-疑問句型過去時的一般疑問句可以分為兩類。1. was / were,had (有)它們的一般疑問句是將 was / were, had 移到主語前面，否定句是直接在它們后面加上 not。例如：he w

10、as very busy last friday.was he very busy last friday? yes, he was. / no, he wasnt. he wasnt very busy last friday.the girls were happy about it.were the girls happy about it? yes, they were. / no, they werent. the girls were not happy about it.she had a car last year.had she a car last year? yes, s

11、he had. / no, she hadnt. she hadnt a car last year.2. 實義動詞實義動詞過去式的一般疑問句，是在主語前加上 did；否定句是在謂語動詞前加上 did not，并將謂語動詞改為動詞原形。請注意：過去時不分人稱和單復數(shù)， 都是加 did 或 did not。 例如：li ming studied english this morning.did li ming studied english this morning？yes, he did. / no, he didnt. li ming didnt study english this mor

12、ning.we often played badminton together.did you often played badminton together? yes, we did. / no, we didnt. we didnt often play badminton together.其次，had 如果作為實義動詞的話，也是加 did 或 did not. 例如：they had a meeting last friday.did they have a meeting last friday? yes, they did. / no, they didnt. they didnt

13、 have a meeting last friday.3. 過去時的特殊疑問句when did this happen? it happened in the han dynasty. 這是什么時候發(fā)生的事？是漢朝時發(fā)生的。how did you find the job? i found it in the newspaper.這工作你是怎么知道的？我從報紙上看到的。who told you this? mr. green did.這事是誰告訴你的？是 mr. green.一般過去時-三變技巧一變：肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň浼记?1.當句中含有情態(tài)動詞或助動詞 could，would，should

14、等時，可直接在其后面加 not 構(gòu)成否定句。例如：i could get you a concert ticket. i could not / couldnt get you a concert ticket.技巧 2.當句中含有系動詞 was，were 時，可直接在其后加 not 構(gòu)成否定句。例如：i was on the internet when you called me. i was not / wasnt on the internet when you called me.技巧 3.當句中謂語是除情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、系動詞 was, were 以外的動詞時，在該動詞之前加 did

15、 not / didnt，動詞還原，構(gòu)成否定句。例如：the famous singer sang some chinese songs. the famous singer did not/ didnt sing any chinese songs.二變：陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧浼记?1.移動詞語的位置。將 was，were, could，would，should 等移到句首。例如：he could pack his things himself. could he pack his things himself? 技巧 2.添加助動詞 did。謂語是除情態(tài)動詞、助動詞、系動詞 was, wer

16、e 以外的動詞時，在主語之前加 did，動詞還原。例如：mr li looked very old. did mr li look very old?三變：陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧浼记?1.確定疑問詞：人 who / whom，物 what，地點 where，時間 when / what time，原因 why，頻率 how often，長度 how long，距離 how far 等等。例如： they gave the concert last night. when did they give the concert? 技巧 2.辨認結(jié)構(gòu)形式：疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞/助動詞/ was / were

17、 / did +主語+.?例如：the accident happened near the station. where did the accident happen?一般過去時-句型比較一般現(xiàn)在時要和現(xiàn)在的時間相聯(lián)系，而一般過去時和說話的“現(xiàn)在”沒有聯(lián)系。his father is a film director.他父親是電影導演。(他現(xiàn)在還是) his father was a film director.他父親曾是電影導演。(他現(xiàn)在不是) how do you like the novel?你覺得這部小說怎么樣？ (還在看小說) how did you like the novel?

18、你覺得這部小說怎么樣？(已看完小說)一般過去時-句型口訣一般過去時并不難，表示過去動作、狀態(tài)記心間。動詞要用過去式，時間狀語句末站。否定句很簡單，didnt 站在動詞原形前，其它部分不要變。一般疑問句也好變，did 放在句子前，主語、動詞原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑問句也簡單，疑問詞加一般疑問句記心間。最后一條請注意，動詞過去式要牢記。一般過去時-注意事項1. 注意主句與從句中時態(tài)的一致性如果主句用了過去時，從句中一般也要用過去式，或者過去進行時、過去完成時等。例如：he believed that he was right. 他相信自己是對的。i didnt know you were he

19、re. 我不知道你在這兒。i thought they were with you. 我以為他們和你在一起。2. 在口語中， 一般過去時并不一定指真正的過去，而只是表示一種禮貌性語氣。例如：i wondered (wonder) if you could do me a favor. 不知你可否幫我一個忙。i wanted (want) to ask if i could borrow your car. 我想問問可否借用你的車。i hoped (hope) you could (can) give me some advice. 我希望你能幫我出點主意。did (do) you want to see me? 你想見我嗎？3. used toused to 是一個詞組，表示“過去曾經(jīng)是而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止了”的動作。例如： i used to work fourteen hours a day. 我過去常常一天干十四個小時。(而現(xiàn)在不這樣了)i used to take a walk in the morning.我過去是在早晨散步。(而現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了)“”“”at the end, xiao bian gives you a passage. m