2021年高三英語考點匯總：情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣

1、 免費學(xué)習(xí)資料 囊括小初高九大學(xué)科（知識點/練習(xí)題/模擬卷/真題卷/學(xué)霸筆記）考向1 情態(tài)動詞一、 can, could 與 be able to 1. 表示能力（體力、知識、技能）。 Can you lift this heavy box?（體力） Mary can speak three languages.（知識） Can you skate?（技能） 此時可用be able to代替。can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去式；而be able to則有更多的時態(tài)。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon. 當(dāng)

2、表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以做成功某事”時應(yīng)用be able to，不能用can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2. 表示請求和允許。 Can I go now? Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could, might代替，不是過去式，只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not.

3、 ) 3. 表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。 Theyve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4. 表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。 Can this be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 1. In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems

4、 for a company.A. need B. should C. can D. must【參考答案】C【答案解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：在今天的信息時代，數(shù)據(jù)的丟失有時會對一個公司造成嚴(yán)重的問題。數(shù)據(jù)丟失造成嚴(yán)重問題是客觀上會發(fā)生的情況，即“客觀可能性”，故該空應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞can。C選項正確。其余情態(tài)動詞均沒有該用法。need需要；should應(yīng)該，竟然；must必須，肯定。二、 may, might 1. 表示請求和允許。might比 may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時可用cant 或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 Might/ May I smoke in this ro

5、om? No, you mustnt. May/Might I take this book out of the room? Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 用May I.？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語中更常見。 2. 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! might為may的過去式，但也可以代替may，語氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)客氣或更加不肯定。He might not come today. 今天他也許不來了。(語氣不肯定) You might also get a headache when you wor

6、k too hard. 當(dāng)你工作太努力時，你也可能患頭痛。三、 must, have to 1. 表示必須、必要You must come in time. 在回答引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）。Must we hand in our exercise books today? Yes, you must. /No, you dont have to / you neednt. 2. must是說話人的主觀看法，而have to則強調(diào)客觀需要。 must只有一般現(xiàn)在時， have to 有更多的時態(tài)形式。 I

7、really must go now. I had to work when I was your age. 3. must表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句） Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes best. Your mother must be waiting for you now.must開頭的疑問句，其否定回答通常用dont have to或neednt。而不用mustnt。 Must I finish my homework first? 我必須先完成作業(yè)嗎？No, you dont have to/ ne

8、ednt. 不，你不必。can和must在表推測時，can一般用于否定句中，而must 常用于肯定句中。It can not be Li Lei. 那個人不可能是李磊。 It must be Li Lei. 那個人肯定是李磊。Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?Well, if you _. I can put on more clothes.A. canB. mayC. mustD. shall【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：-不好意思，我把窗戶打開你介意嗎?- 好吧，如果你必須這么做的話。我可以多穿點衣服。A. can能夠；B. m

9、ay可能；C. must一定；必須；D. shall會；將。must表示偏要，必須要做的事情，故選C。四、 dare, need 1. dare作情態(tài)動詞用時, 常用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中, 過去式形式為dared。 How dare you say Im unfair? He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he? If we dared not go there that day，we couldnt get the beautiful flowers. 2. need 作情態(tài)動詞用時, 常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一

10、般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。 You neednt come so early. Need I finish the work today? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 注意： dare和 need作實義動詞用時，有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接帶to的不定式。在疑問句和否定句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。 I dare to swim across this river. He doesnt dare (to) answer. He nee

11、ds to finish his homework today.五、 shall, should 1. shall 用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。 What shall we do this evening? 2. shall 用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 You shall fail if you dont work hard.(警告) He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾) He shall be punished.(威脅) 3should表示義務(wù)、職責(zé)等，意為應(yīng)該。You should be strict

12、with yourself as an officer. 作為一名官員，你應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格要求自己。he law is equally applied to everyone. No one _ be above it.A. shallB. mustC. mayD. need【答案】A【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：法律面前人人平等。沒有人能凌駕于法律之上。A. shall用于第二、第三人稱，則含有命令、警告、允諾或威脅的語氣。B. must（必須，一定）用于肯定句。C. may（可以，能夠）表允許時一般不與第三人稱連用。D. need (表示沒有必要或詢問是否有必要) 需要；故選A。六、 will, w

13、ould 1. 表示請求、建議等，would更委婉。 Will / Would you pass me the ball, please? 2. 表示意志、愿望和決心。 I will never do that again. They asked him if he would go abroad. 3. would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習(xí)慣時比used to正式，且沒有“現(xiàn)已無此習(xí) 慣”的含義。 During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.The wound would not heal. As

14、kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not to let me.【參考答案】刪除let前的to【答案解析】would后跟動詞原形，故把to刪除。七、 should, ought to 1. should, ought to表示“應(yīng)該”，ought to表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，比should語氣重。 I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the ba

15、by. 2. 表示勸告、建議和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑問句中常用should。 You should / ought to go to class right away.Should I open the window? 3. 表示推測 should , ought to (客觀推測), must(主觀推測)。 He must be home by now. (斷定他已到家) He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定) This is where the oil must be.(直爽) This is where the oi

16、l ought to/should be.(含蓄)情態(tài)動詞have done用法must have done一定做過某事，其否定形式為cant/couldnt have donecan/could have done(1)本來能夠做但卻未做(2)可能做過某事cant/couldnt have done不可能做過某事may/might have done或許/可能做過某事should/ought to have done本該做但卻未做，其否定形式表示本不該做但卻做了neednt have done做了本沒有必要做的事情1.must have done表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成一定做過某事，該

17、結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面還是濕的。You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。2.cant have done表示對過去事情的否定推測，譯成不可能做過某事。Mr Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他。Mary cant have st

18、olen your money. She has gone home. 瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家去了。3.can have done表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句，譯成可能做過嗎？。There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里沒有燈，他們可能出去了嗎？There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到處找不到他們，他們可能到什么地方去呢？4.could have done是虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。He could ha

19、ve passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心。5.may have done表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測，意思是可能已經(jīng)或也許已經(jīng)，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to George? 喬治發(fā)生了什么事？I dont know. He may have got lost. 我不知道，他可能迷路了。6.might have done表示對過去事情的推測，might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。 She might have achieved greater progress, i

20、f you had given her more chances. 如果你多給她點機會，她可能已經(jīng)取得了更大的成績。7.would have done虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設(shè)，意思是本來會。I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本來會告訴你這個小男孩的故事，但是你沒有問我。8.should have done意思是本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實際沒做。shouldnt+have+done表示本來不應(yīng)該做某事，而實際做了。含有指責(zé)對方或自責(zé)的含義。Tom, you are too lazy. Th

21、e work should have been finished yesterday. 湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項工作本來應(yīng)該昨天就做完的。Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，湯姆哭了，我本不應(yīng)該對他如此嚴(yán)厲的。9.ought to have done表示過去應(yīng)該做而實際并沒有做，譯成理應(yīng)做，往往表示遺憾。與should have done用法基本一樣。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應(yīng)上星期日回家。You ought not to have given him

22、 more help. 你不應(yīng)該幫助他那么多。10.need have done表示本來需要做某事而實際沒有做。neednt have done則表示本來不需要做某事而實際做了I neednt have bought so much wine only five people came. 我本來沒有必要買這么多酒，只來了五個人。He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldnt have missed the train. 他本來需要快點去車站的，那樣的話，他就不會誤了火車。 What a pity! You missed

23、 the sightseeing, or we _a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：真遺憾！你錯過了這次觀光，否則，我們本應(yīng)該在一起度過一段愉快時光的。根據(jù)上文，可知是對過去事情的虛擬，與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If+主語+過去完成時+其他，主句：主語+should(would, could, might)+現(xiàn)在完成時+其他，故選C。情態(tài)動詞表猜測的用法：一、can / could用于表推測的用法(1) 從使用句型上看，can 通常只用于否定句

24、或疑問句，一般不用于肯定句，而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句。兩者沒有時間上的差別，只是could 比 can 更委婉，更不確定。如：It cant couldnt be true. 那不可能是真的。What can could they be doing? 他們會在干什么呢?We could go there this summer. 今年夏天我們可能要去那兒。注：can 有時也用于肯定句中表示推測，主要用于表示理論上的可能性(即從理論上看是可能的，但實際未必會發(fā)生)，或表示“有時”之意。如：Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.

25、即使是有經(jīng)驗的教師也可能出錯。She can be very unpleasant. 她有時很令人討厭。(2) 從時間關(guān)系看，對現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r作推測，后接動詞原形；對正在進行的情況作推測，后接 be doing 結(jié)構(gòu)；對過去情況作推測，后接動詞完成式。如：He could have gone home. 他可能已經(jīng)回家了。He cant couldnt have understood. 他不可能理解了。Why does he know this? Can Could someone have told him about it? 他怎么知道? 會是哪個人告訴他了嗎?(3) “could+完成式

26、”除表示對過去的推測外，還有以下重要用法：表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性，常譯為“本來可以”。如：I could have lent you the moneyWhy didnt you ask me? 我本來可以借這筆錢給你的。你為什么不向我提出?用來委婉地責(zé)備某人過去應(yīng)該做某事而沒有去做，常譯為“本來應(yīng)該”。如：You could have helped him. 你本來應(yīng)該幫助他的。表示“差點兒就要”。如：I could have died laughing. 我差點兒笑死了。二、 may / might用于表推測的用法表示推測，兩者都可用，只是 might 比 may 語氣更不確定，表示的可

27、能性更小。(1) 在句型使用方面：兩者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑問句時，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑問句的句中（如特殊疑問句等），而might盡管可以用于疑問句的句首，但不算普通，通常會改用其他句式（如用could等）。如：He may might know the answer. 他可能知道答案。He may might not believe you. 他可能不會相信你。And who may might she be? 那么她會是哪一位呢？(2) 從時間關(guān)系看，對現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r作推測，后接動詞原形；對正在進行的情況作推測，后接 be doing 結(jié)構(gòu)；對過去情況作推測，后接動詞

28、完成式。如：He may might tell his wife. 他也許會告訴他妻子。He may might be writing a letter. 他可能在寫信。She may might have read it in the papers. 她可能在報上已讀到過此事。(3)“might+完成式”除表示對過去的推測外，還有以下重要用法： 表示過去某事可能發(fā)生而實際上卻并沒發(fā)生。如：It was really very dangerous. I might have killed myself. 那真的是太危險了，我差點沒命了。A lot of men died who might h

29、ave been saved很多人本來可以獲救的卻死了。 表示委婉的批評或責(zé)備。如：You might have made greater progress. 你的進步本來可更大一些的。You might at least have answered my letter. 你至少可以回我一封信嘛。三、must表示推測的用法must 表示很有把握的推測，其意為“一定會”“肯定會”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問句。表示對現(xiàn)在或未來的情況作推測，后接動詞原形；表示對過去情況的推測，接動詞完成式。如：I must be the happiest woman on earth! 我一定是世界上最

30、幸福的女人了。No, he must be lying. 不，他一定在撒謊He must have mistaken my meaning. 他一定誤會了我的意思。一、虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用 包含條件從句的句子稱為條件句。條件句分為兩類：一類是真實條件句，一類是虛擬條件句。 如果假設(shè)的情況很可能發(fā)生，就用真實條件句。If he has time, he wil come. 如果他有時間，他會來的。He wont succeed unless we plan well. 他不會成功的，除非我們計劃好。如果假設(shè)的情況發(fā)生的可能性不大，則用虛擬條件句。虛擬條件句分為三種，見下表：假設(shè)情況條件從句的

31、謂語形式主句的謂語形式與現(xiàn)在事實相反過去式（be的過去式常用were）would/should/might/could + 動詞原形與將來事實相反(1) 過去式(2)should + 動詞原形(3)were to + 動詞原形would/should/might/could + 動詞原形與過去事實相反過去完成時（had + 過去分詞）would/should/might/could + 過去分詞If he had time now，he would(could，might)go with you. 要是他現(xiàn)在有時間，他會和你一起去的。(與現(xiàn)在事實相反)If you had come a few

32、 minutes earlier，you would(could，might) have met the famous singer. 如果你早來幾分鐘，你就會見到那個著名歌手了。(與過去事實相反)If it were to snow this evening，they would not go out. 如果今天晚上下雪，他們就不會出去。(與將來事實相反)二、幾種特殊的虛擬條件從句1省略if形式的虛擬語氣在if虛擬條件句中，若省略if，則將should，were，had前置，構(gòu)成主謂倒裝句式。Had I worked harder，I would have succeeded. 如果我當(dāng)時努

33、力學(xué)習(xí)的話，我就會成功的。Were she my daughter(Should she be my daughter)，I wouldnt allow her to study abroad. 如果她是我的女兒的話，我就不讓她出國學(xué)習(xí)了。2混合虛擬語氣若主句和從句所表示的時間不一致，就構(gòu)成了混合虛擬語氣或錯綜虛擬語氣，此時，主句和從句的時態(tài)形式根據(jù)實際的時間概念來定。If she had followed the doctors words，she would feel better now. 如果當(dāng)初她聽從了醫(yī)生的建議，現(xiàn)在就會好多了。3含蓄虛擬語氣有時候假設(shè)的條件不是通過條件從句表達，而

34、是隱含在某些介詞短語中，如without.，連詞but for，otherwise，or等中。Without music(If there were no music)，the world would be dull. 世界若無音樂將會很枯燥。Im really very busy，otherwise I would certainly go there with you.(otherwiseif I were not so busy) 我真的是太忙了，不然我就會同你一道去了。三、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應(yīng)用1. 動詞wish后的賓語從句。 表示現(xiàn)在的情況，從句謂語用過去式；表示過去的情況，從句

35、謂語用過去完成式；表示將來的情況，從句謂語用would/ should/could/might + 動詞原形。I wish I were ten years younger now. 我希望我現(xiàn)在年輕十歲。I wish I had met him yesterday. 我昨天能遇到他就好了。I wish I would be a scientist. 我希望將來成為科學(xué)家。2. 在表示請求、建議、命令、要求等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語用should + 動詞原形，should可省略。常見的這類動詞有：suggest，recommend， insist， order， require， advis

36、e， demand， command， ask， request，propose等。He suggested that we (should) be here in time. 他建議我們及時到那兒。The doctor advised that he (should) change his job. 醫(yī)生勸他換工作。3. 在would rather后的賓語從句中，謂語常用過去式來表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r，用過去完成式表示過去的情況。I would rather you told me the truth. 我愿意你跟我講真話。I would rather you had been present

37、. 我倒愿意你當(dāng)時在場。4在It is (about/high) timethat從句中，謂語動詞常用過去式或should動詞原形表示虛擬語氣，注意should不可省略。Its high time that we devoted ourselves to environmental protection. 是我們致力于環(huán)境保護的時候了。5as if，as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句和方式狀語從句中常用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實相反用一般過去時；與過去事實相反用過去完成時。They talked and talked as if they would never meet again. 他們談啊談好像

38、永遠不會再見面一樣。6if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語氣表示愿望。Look at the trouble were in.If only we had taken our teachers advice！ 看看我們所處的困境，要是我們接受老師的建議就好了！錯綜時間條件句的虛擬語氣 當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為錯綜時間條件句，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。If you had followed the doctors advice，you would be better now.如果你當(dāng)時聽醫(yī)生建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就好多了。I. 單項填空

39、1I _ my dream to be a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher. Amight have abandonedBwould abandon Cshould have abandonedDwere to abandon【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：要不是來自音樂老師的鼓勵，我就放棄成為鋼琴家的夢想了。因為表達的是與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，所以用的是might have + 過去分詞。故選A。2Im sorry, but you _ go wrong. Theres no such man here

40、. AneedBcanCmustDwill【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄錯了。這兒沒有這么個人。A. need需要；B. can能夠；C. must必須；D. will將會。must指有把握的推測，“一定；必定”，結(jié)合下文Theres no such man here.可知一定是弄錯了。故選C。3Students _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation. AwouldBshallCwillDcould【答案】B【解析】考

41、查情態(tài)動詞。句意：學(xué)生們必須待在自己的座位上，直到所有的試卷都被收回。根據(jù)句意，“學(xué)生們待在自己的座位上”是一項規(guī)定。shall 可表示某種規(guī)定或義務(wù)，用于第二、三人稱的句子中。而其他情態(tài)動詞無此用法。故正確答案為B。4We want someone to design the new art museum for me. _ the young fellow have a try? AShallBMayCWillDNeed【答案】A【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我們想找人為我設(shè)計一個新的藝術(shù)博物館。是不是讓這位年輕小伙子試一試？shall作為情態(tài)動詞,用于二三人稱,表示詢問，警告，允諾，命令，

42、決心，強制等語氣。will作為情態(tài)動詞，用于主語是各種人稱的陳述句中，表示意愿和傾向。用于第二人稱的疑問句中，表請求。故選A。5_ you disturb me now? Im busy preparing a report. Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you. ANeedBShouldCMightDMust【答案】D【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞特殊用法。句意：你非要現(xiàn)在打擾我嗎？我正在準(zhǔn)備一份報告。真對不起，但是我怕有緊急事情告訴你。A. Need需要；B. Should 應(yīng)該；C. Might也許；D. Must必須；一

43、定；偏偏，非得；根據(jù)語境可知must表示“偏偏，非得”符合上下文語境，用來指責(zé)對方。故D項正確。6You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didnt you? No, I didnt phone you. It someone else. Amust have beenBcould be Cmust beDcould have been【答案】A【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞+have done。句意：昨晚10點左右你給我打了電話，是嗎？不，我沒給你打電話。一定是別人干的。must have done 是對過去發(fā)生的動作最有把握的猜測，意思是“一定”，結(jié)合語境

44、可知，我沒有打電話給你，因此猜測一定有別人給你打了電話 。故選A項。7Mr Frank Smith truly stands out as the best friend and teacher combination. Absolutely! When I look back on what he did, Im not sure whether I _ the same in his position. Awould doBwould have doneCmust have doneDcould do【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：弗蘭克史密斯先生確實是最好的朋友和老師。當(dāng)然！當(dāng)我回

45、顧他的所作所為時，我不確定我是否會在他的位置上做同樣的事。分析語境，可知此處為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，我無法確定我在他的位置上時是否會做同樣的事。故選B項。8Mary often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through WeChat, as if they chatting in her living room. AwereBareChad beenDhas been【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：瑪麗經(jīng)常通過微信與朋友分享她最深的想法和恐懼，就像她們正在她的客廳里聊天一樣。根據(jù)句意，“他們正在她的客廳聊天”

46、是不可能發(fā)生的，要用虛擬語氣，根據(jù)前面的shares可知這里是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，as if從句中的謂語動詞要用一般去過時，其中be動詞只能用were，故選A項。9I did better, but I still wasnt as focused as I _. Ashould doBshould have been Cshould beDshould have done【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：我做得更好了，但我仍然沒有像我應(yīng)該的那樣專注。根據(jù)句意和did better可知表示對過去的虛擬語氣，排除A、C選項；should have done意為本應(yīng)該做某事而沒有做，且根據(jù)短語be

47、focused on“集中于；專注”，故選B。10He ordered that the house _. Awas soldBis sold Cwould be soldDbe sold【答案】D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：他命令把房子賣掉。order表示“命令”接從句時，從句用(should)do，且本句中sell與house構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)為(should)be sold，should可以省略。故選D。11How do you find the health club? I would rather I _ it. I feel its management is going from

48、 bad to worse. Ahavent joinedBhadnt joined Cdidnt joinDhad joined【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：你認為這家健身俱樂部怎么樣？我寧愿沒有參加這個俱樂部。我感覺這個俱樂部的管理越來越差了。本句是對過去的情況的虛擬。would rather后面所帶的從句一般用虛擬語氣，如果“寧愿過去做過某事”，從句要用過去完成時，根據(jù)語境可知，是說“寧愿過去沒有參加過”，故要用過去完成時，因此選B?！军c睛】would rather 后接句子時，句子謂語習(xí)慣上要用虛擬語氣。與過去事實相反的用過去完成時；與現(xiàn)在事實相反的用一般過去時。1、如果從句用

49、一般過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?。Id rather you went tomorrow (now). 我寧愿你明天(現(xiàn)在)去。Id rather you came next Saturday. 我寧愿你下星期六來。Id rather she sat next to me. 我寧愿她挨著我坐。2、從句用過去完成時表過去的愿望。Id rather you hadnt said it. 我真希望你沒有這樣說過。Id rather you hadnt done that. 我寧愿你沒這樣做。Id rather you had been been present。我 (寧) 愿你當(dāng)時在場。12I wis

50、h I _ her the news and then she wouldnt be worried now. Adont tellBdidnt tell Chavent toldDhadnt told【答案】D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：但愿我沒有告訴她這個壞消息，那么她現(xiàn)在就不會擔(dān)憂了。wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句往往用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望用過去時，be 動詞用were；與過去事實相反的愿望用過去完成時；與將來事實相反的愿望用could/would+do。根據(jù)本題題意，告訴她這個消息是過去的事實，與過去事實相反的愿望用過去完成時，所以答案是D。13Traveling by subway

51、 _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour. AmustBcanCshallDshould【答案】B【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：乘地鐵旅行有時可能相當(dāng)冒險，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必須；一定；B. can能夠；可能；C. shall將會；D. should應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)。本句中can表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力），故選B。14Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes she_ be an

52、gry at our silly mistakes. AshouldBmustCcanDshall【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我們的英語老師很體貼、樂于助人、熱心腸，但有時她可能為我們愚蠢的錯誤而發(fā)火。can表示一種客觀的可能性，但不一定會發(fā)生，故C項正確。15Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhone X? If you can pass this midterm examination, you _ have one as a reward. AmustBneedCwouldDshall【答案】D【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：爸爸，你可以給我買

53、部iPhone X嗎？-如果你通過考試，你就會得到一部作為獎勵。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would將，會；D. shall會。根據(jù)語境可知，這句話是父親對子女的允諾，故選D。II. 語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inserting needles through the skin may sound scary, but acupuncncture and moxa-moxibustion, two key components of 1 (tradition) Chinese medicine (TCM),are said to improve the patients health and wellbeing. 2 (add) to UNESCOs representative list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2010,acupuncture and moxibustion are 3 (wide)practiced in China. Their format and practice have distinctive regional characte