電大中國古代文學(xué)專題試題及答案1小抄參考

1、中國古代文學(xué)專題（1）試題及答案一、文學(xué)常識填空（共18分，每空1分，有錯別字不給分）二、解釋名詞（共32分，每題8分）1、四家詩：漢代傳習(xí)詩經(jīng)的魯、齊、韓、毛四家，分別由魯人申培、齊人轅固、燕人韓嬰、魯人毛亨和趙人毛萇所創(chuàng)。其中魯、齊、韓三家屬于今文經(jīng)學(xué)，又稱為“三家詩”或“今文三家”；毛詩晚出，屬古文經(jīng)學(xué)。自東漢末年鄭玄為毛氏詩故訓(xùn)傳作注之后，毛詩大盛，三家詩逐漸消亡。2、九歌：是屈原吸取楚地的民間神話故事，利用民間祭歌的形式寫成的一組意象清新、語言優(yōu)美并富有愛國主義精神的抒情詩。九歌共分十一篇，即東皇太一、云中君、湘君、湘夫人、大司命、少司命、東君、河伯、國殤、禮魂。九歌藝術(shù)成就極高，表

2、現(xiàn)為擬人化的自然神形象塑造、情景交融的意境、情味悠深的語言。3、花間詞：五代時蜀地一批詞人創(chuàng)作的詞，因后蜀趙崇祚編其為花間集而得名?；ㄩg派詞人以溫庭筠為鼻祖，詞作以歌詠男歡女愛、相思離別為主要內(nèi)容，以紅樓翠閣、閨房帳帷為主要背景，以香艷濃麗、婉約纏綿為主要風(fēng)格?；ㄩg詞的這種特點對詞體文學(xué)的特征影響極大，“詩莊詞媚”一說的成因即與它有很大關(guān)系。4、田園詩：是指歌詠田園生活的詩歌，多以農(nóng)村景物和農(nóng)民、牧人、漁父等的勞動為題材。田園詩由陶淵明開創(chuàng)，唐宋之后，變成了隱居不仕的文人和退居田園的仕宦們所作的以田園生活為描寫對象的詩歌。王維和孟浩然是唐代田園詩的代表作家，前者的渭川田家、新晴野望，后者的過故

3、人莊等都是田園詩中佳作。三、論析題（共50分。第1、2題必選一題；第3、4題必選一題；每題25分。如1、2兩題或者3、4兩題都答了，一律只給前者判分。）1、詩經(jīng)婚姻愛情詩包括哪幾類內(nèi)容？其思想意義和藝術(shù)價值如何？說明：參考教材詩經(jīng)與楚辭84頁102頁，答案要點：（1）詩經(jīng)婚姻愛情詩的內(nèi)容包括：男女的相戀相思，如溱洧、靜女、蒹葭等；對婚禮場景的描寫、對新婚的祝賀，如碩人、桃夭等；對婚姻不幸的哀嘆，如氓等。（2）詩經(jīng)婚姻愛情詩的思想意義：表現(xiàn)了高尚、純潔的感情。（3）詩經(jīng)婚姻愛情詩的藝術(shù)特色：現(xiàn)實主義的寫實手法；特點鮮明的形象塑造；深含意蘊的景物描寫，生動活潑的語言。2、簡析橘頌的思想和藝術(shù)特色。

4、（附：橘頌全文）說明：參考教材224227頁，答案要點：（1）橘頌是屈原青少年時代創(chuàng)作的一首詠物詩，通過對橘樹斑斕奪目的外表和堅定不移的美質(zhì)的歌頌，表達了詩人對高尚人格的肯定和贊美，抒寫了詩人的理想。（2）橘頌一詩的分段解析：首段借橘樹的“受命不遷”、“深固難徙”抒發(fā)自己的宗國之情和鄉(xiāng)土之戀。第二段贊頌橘樹葉綠花潔，枝茂果圓，借以表達對內(nèi)美外修的人格的贊美。第三段借橘樹的自然本性來頌揚“無求”、“不流”、“秉德無私”的高尚品格。末段表示以橘樹為師表的志向。（3）橘頌在文學(xué)史上的地位：橘頌開詠物詩之先河。3、結(jié)合詩歌分析古代送別詩中的主要意象：“南浦”、“楊柳”。說明：參考教材唐詩宋詞13314

5、1頁，答案要點：（1）“南浦”：a、這一意象多見于南方水路送別的詩詞中 if we dont do that it will go on and go on. we have to stop it; we need the courage to do it.his comments came hours after fifa vice-president jeffrey webb - also in london for the fas celebrations - said he wanted to meet ivory coast international toure to discus

6、s his complaint.cska general director roman babaev says the matter has been exaggerated by the ivorian and the british media.blatter, 77, said: it has been decided by the fifa congress that it is a nonsense for racism to be dealt with with fines. you can always find money from somebody to pay them.i

7、t is a nonsense to have matches played without spectators because it is against the spirit of football and against the visiting team. it is all nonsense.we can do something better to fight racism and discrimination.this is one of the villains we have today in our game. but it is only with harsh sanc

8、tions that racism and discrimination can be washed out of football.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on

9、sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duri

10、ngcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of csk

11、a.baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover.

12、 the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6

13、miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving p

14、latform.below, the earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. it will be like he is diving into the shallow end.skydiver preps for the

15、 big jumpwhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to earth. but this will not be enough to stop him completely.if he goes too fast or

16、spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. his team hopes its not needed. instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).in order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). he will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if