初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法賓語(yǔ)從句講解-專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)及答案(2)

1、1英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法賓語(yǔ)從句講解小口訣：賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序引導(dǎo)詞；主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不需受限制；主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句須用相應(yīng)時(shí)；陳述轉(zhuǎn)化 that 引，一般疑問(wèn)用 if/whether,特殊問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞，引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。一基本講解來(lái)源：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)概念 : 在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，可做V 謂/介詞短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)。e.g. He said,“I am good at drawing”.He said he was good at drawing. 動(dòng)(詞賓語(yǔ) )Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. 介(詞賓語(yǔ) )1.引導(dǎo)詞(1) that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

2、時(shí)，通常用陳述句充當(dāng) , that 可省略。e.g. She said,“I want to go there”She said (that) she wanted to go there.They all know (that) Jim is good at skating.(2) whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 ,由一般疑問(wèn)句 /選擇疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)，陳述語(yǔ)序。e.g.“Are youinterested in geography?” she said.She asked if/whether I was interested in geography.I wonder if /whe

3、ther she has told the new to Li Lei .I m not sure whether he will come or not.12注意：一般情況下， whether 和 if 可以互用，但有些情況例外a. 介詞短語(yǔ)后只用whether 不用 ife.g. We are talking about whether well go on the panic.b. 引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或or not 連用時(shí)，只用 whether.e.g. I can t say whether or not he will come on timec. if 當(dāng)如果講時(shí) ,引導(dǎo)的是條件狀

4、語(yǔ)從句，表示 如果 ，不能用 whether.e.g. If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times.Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.(3)特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不可省略，陳述句語(yǔ)序。特殊疑問(wèn)詞為： how , when, where, why ,which whose.What引導(dǎo)賓從時(shí)做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。e.g.What do you want? He asked.He asked me what I wanted.I have no id

5、ea where he is now.I don nowtk how to deal with it.He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class.對(duì)比下列句子，看what 做什么成分：He asked what was the wrong/matter with me. （what 做主語(yǔ)）He doesn t knowhat to do now.(做賓語(yǔ) )He asked mewho he was.(who 做表語(yǔ) )232.賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)a.主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制e.g. Do you know if/whether

6、 he has seen the film?I m sorry to hear that your father is ill.She says she is going to go to Beijing next week.He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.b.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去的相應(yīng)某種時(shí)態(tài)She didn t knowwhy the boy was late again. (過(guò)去一般 )I didnt know if/whether he had seen the film.（過(guò)去完成）I wondered whe

7、n she was going to America（.過(guò)去將來(lái)）注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而從句表示的是客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象，科學(xué)原理，格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：e.g. He said（that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound）.The teacher told us（seeing is believing.）3.語(yǔ)序：陳述語(yǔ)序，主 +謂+其他* when will you leave for Beijing? （Could you please tell me）

8、Could you please tell me when you will leave for Beijing?*Has she seen the movie？（ He asked.）He asked if she had seen the movie.*Could you tell me whats the matter/wrong with you?二、賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化341.當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 hope，wish，decide，forget ，plan ，agree 等，且主從句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：e.g. She agreed that she could help me

9、with my math. She agreed to help me with my math.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 know, learn, forget, remember, decide 等后面有特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓從時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)化成 “疑問(wèn)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu) ”。如：e.g. She forgot what she should take. she forgot to take it3. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 find ，see，watch ，hear 等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為 “賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ) ”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：e.g. She found that th

10、e wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.三否定轉(zhuǎn)移e.g. I don t think he is 我cool認(rèn).為他并不酷常用詞： believe，suppose等四注意問(wèn)題和易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1.由粗心大意導(dǎo)致語(yǔ)序的錯(cuò)亂，長(zhǎng)從句也只有主謂賓語(yǔ)序，不要受引導(dǎo)詞的影響（可暫時(shí)忽略引導(dǎo)詞，直接看從句）2. Whether/if 用法傻傻分不清（ whether 是否， if 是否 /如果）3.從句中介詞短語(yǔ)的介詞弄丟e.g. I don t know who she is looki

11、ng at容.易(丟了 at )4.賓從和定從同時(shí)出現(xiàn)完全不知所措（賓從是作賓語(yǔ)，誰(shuí)做了什么，說(shuō)了什么，誰(shuí)想知道什么等，定從修飾名詞，引導(dǎo)詞只有who/that/who/whose/which/as/when/where/why ，what 不能用語(yǔ)定從，只用于賓從）5. 混淆視覺(jué)的句子，錯(cuò)當(dāng)是疑問(wèn)句e.g. Jim didn t know what was wrong with his computer.45賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)習(xí)題鞏固練習(xí)1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. yo

12、u will leave whenD. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him.D. how

13、A. thatB. ifC. why5.I didn t knowhe will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherD. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes C. how much these shoes cost7.She asked me _.A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is heD. who he isB. how much do these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost8.Ask him _.

14、A. whose cup this isC. this is whose cupB. whose cup is thisD. whose is this cup9.I don t know . A. what time the movie starts C. the time to start the movieB. what time starts the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I illB. have I been illC. I have been illD

15、. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesn t say .A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow5612.Do you know _?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?

16、A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. w

17、hat Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _theprofessor willcome to our schooltomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17.July didn t know.A. where is Tims father C. who the old man isB. when was the first watc

18、h made D. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do19.We don t know_ with the rubbish and it pollutes out landand sea.B. how to doA. how do itC. what do itD. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I

19、find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money67能力提高練習(xí)1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If2.I

20、 dont know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he comeC. if he comesD. whether hell come3.Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where4.Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mendB. what did he mendC. how he mended D. what he m

21、ended5.I want to know _.B. whom she is lookingA. whom is she looking afterC. whom is she lookingD. whom she is looking after6. Do you know where _ now?D. did he liveA. he livesB. does he liveC. he lived7.Do you know what time _?A. the train leaveB. does the train leaveC. will the train leaveD. the t

22、rain leaves8.I dont know _. Can you tell me, please?A. how the two players are oldB. how old are the two playersC. the two players are how oldD. how old the two players are9.The small children dont know _.A. what is their stockings inB. what is in their stockingsC. where is their stockings inD. what

23、 in their stockings10. I cant understand _.A. what does Christmas mean C. what mean Christmas doesB. what Christmas does mean D. what Christmas means11.I don t knowhe will be back home.A. whoB. whatC. whenD. where12.Could you tell me _?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you wa

24、iting forD. where you live in13.Do you still remember _?78A. that he saidB. what he saidC. did he say thatD. what did he say14.I can t understand_the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left15.She told me the sun _ in the east.A. riseB. rose C. rises D. had

25、 risen16.They tried to find out _ the new train _.A. how far/ had goneB. how long/ has goneC. how far/ wentD. how far / had run17.The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what s the matter18.Can you tell me _?A. what are you doingB. where do yo

26、u studyC. what you were doingD. what to do it19.He asked his father _.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen20.No one tells us_，so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it89直擊中考1. Some of my friends are interest

27、ing in science, but none of them cantell_ _.A. when UFOs will appear next timeB. why do horses know the wayC. where was this kind of plant foundD. how do elephants communicate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I dont know.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soo

28、n will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late.-Come in, please. But could you please tell me _.?A. why you are late againB. what were you doing thenC. who you talked withD. how do you come to school4. -Could you please tell me _. ?-Bus No.32 will take you rig

29、ht there. A. where is Henan MuseumB. what Henan Museum is likeC. how can I get to Henan MuseumD. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. .B. where are theyA. where they have beenC. where are they fromD. where they have gone6. -Do you kn

30、ow _the Capital Museum?-Next Friday.B. when they will visitA. when will they visitC. when did they visitD. when they visited7. He wanted to know _the English party.A. when will we haveB. when we will haveC. when would we haveD. when we would have8. I want to know _. .A. when we should arrive at the

31、airportB. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9. -David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me_. ?-He is a doctor.A. who is heB. who he isC. what is heD. what he is91011. -I wonder _ without water-About a

32、week.B. how long can man liveA. how long man can liveC. when man can liveD. when can man live1011賓語(yǔ)從句鞏固練習(xí)參考答案1.參考答案 D 你決定什么時(shí)候去澳大利亞了嗎？賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。2. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， where 作從句的賓語(yǔ)。3. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， where 表示地點(diǎn)。4. 參考答案 A if 表示選擇，我想你是否將喜歡他。5. 參考答案 B 有 or not ， 所以用 whether.6. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序 .7. 參考答案 A

33、 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序 ,who 作從句的賓語(yǔ)。8. 參考答案 A whose 是所有格，所以后面要有一個(gè)名詞， 整體做從句的賓語(yǔ)。9. 參考答案 A 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。10. 參考答案 D 主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也要用過(guò)去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，醫(yī)生問(wèn)我之前我已經(jīng)病了，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。11. 參考答案 C if 連接賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。12. 參考答案 B whose 是所有格，所以后面要有一個(gè)名詞，整體做從句的賓語(yǔ)。13. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。14. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，時(shí)態(tài)不受限制。15. 參考答案 C 主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)槭フQ老人是之

34、前就把禮物放進(jìn)襪子里了，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。16. 參考答案 B 有 or not 就用 whether.17. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序 , 主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。18. 參考答案 B 沒(méi)有人告訴我們應(yīng)該做什么，所以我們需要你的幫助。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，如果選 B 就是沒(méi)有人做什么， us 后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，而 us 是賓格不能作從句的主語(yǔ)， 所以 C 選項(xiàng)缺少賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選 B.19. 參考答案 D 我們不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陸地和海洋。What 做 to do 的賓語(yǔ)。20. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，他問(wèn)我是否我能找出寄錢(qián)的人，主句用過(guò)去

35、時(shí)態(tài)，從句用過(guò)去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。能力提高練習(xí)參考答案1. 參考答案 D. 前一個(gè) if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示選擇 “是否 ”，后一個(gè) if 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，所以用主將從現(xiàn)。2. 參考答案 D. 我不知道后天他是否回來(lái)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。3. 參考答案 D. where 表示地點(diǎn)，最近的醫(yī)院在哪里。4. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，已經(jīng)說(shuō)了是修理錄音機(jī)，所以不用 what, 而用 how.5. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， whom 作照顧的賓語(yǔ)。6. 參考答案 A 主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句不受限制，住在哪里用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。7. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用

36、陳述語(yǔ)序，從句是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在1112時(shí)。8. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。9. 參考答案 B 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， what 在從句中做主語(yǔ)。10. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， what 在從句中做賓語(yǔ)。11. 參考答案 C. 因?yàn)楹竺娴膹木涫钦f(shuō)他將回家，所以前面應(yīng)該是我不知道他什么時(shí)間回家。12. 參考答案 B. B 是陳述語(yǔ)序，D 可以用 where you live 或 which youlive in.13. 參考答案 B. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， what 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做 said 的賓語(yǔ)。14. 參考答案 A. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，主句用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句根據(jù)事實(shí)

37、用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。15. 參考答案 C. 客觀真理用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。16. 參考答案 D. 距離多遠(yuǎn)一般用 how far ，go 是個(gè)瞬間動(dòng)詞，所以應(yīng)該用可以表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。17. 參考答案 A. 主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句要用過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)，所以C、D 排除。 What 作賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)。18. 參考答案 D. what 作動(dòng)詞不定式的真正賓語(yǔ)。19. 參考答案 C. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。20. 參考答案 C. 因?yàn)椴恢鯓幼?，所以需要你的幫助，如果是不知道做什么，?huì)有人告訴你做什么的。 如果對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)， 則特殊疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序不變。21. 參考答案 C. 如果對(duì)

38、主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，則特殊疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序不變。22. 參考答案 C. 后面有 or not 時(shí)，前面只能用 whether.23. 參考答案 C. 后面有 or not 時(shí)，前面只能用 whether.24. 參考答案 C. 在哪里買(mǎi)的電視，肯定是買(mǎi)回來(lái)了，所以應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)。25. 參考答案 D. 又一個(gè)五年之后，應(yīng)用 another.它將會(huì)變成什么樣子，所以應(yīng)用 what.26. 參考答案 B. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， has gone to 表示已經(jīng)去了，現(xiàn)在還在那里， has been to 表示曾經(jīng)去過(guò)，現(xiàn)在不在那里。27. 參考答案 C. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，后

39、面 if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，用主將從現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)。28. 參考答案 A. tomorrow 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表明賓語(yǔ)從句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)， 后一個(gè)句子是 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，所以用主將從現(xiàn)。29. 參考答案 D. when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，用主從現(xiàn)。30. 參考答案 A. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，主句用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句根據(jù)事實(shí)選擇時(shí)態(tài)。31. 參考答案 D 主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須是過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。32. 參考答案 B 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，后面的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以從句的時(shí)態(tài)也可以是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。33. 參考答案 A how many people 在從句中

40、作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。121334. 參考答案 D 我想知道他的名字是什么。 His name 作主語(yǔ)， what 在從句中作賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。35. 參考答案 D 他問(wèn)我，我怎么了。 What 在從句中作主語(yǔ)， with me 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。36. 參考答案 B 你還記得在會(huì)上的時(shí)候，吉姆說(shuō)什么了嗎？ what 作從句的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。37. 參考答案 D 用 where 就不用 the way 了，所以排除 A、C。which作從句的主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。38. 參考答案 C 用多久時(shí)間一般都用 how long 提問(wèn)， it 在從句中作形式主

41、語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是 to get there. 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序 .39. 參考答案 C 你知道他教什么科目嗎？賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。40. 參考答案 A 主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以從句只能是過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。41. 參考答案 C 你知道那里發(fā)生什么了嗎？不可能一只發(fā)生也不可能是被發(fā)生，所以只能是正在發(fā)生，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。42. 參考答案 A 由后面的答語(yǔ)可知，問(wèn)的是時(shí)間，所以用 when.43. 參考答案 A 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。后面有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) tomorrow ，所以從句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。44. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序， 他住在哪里是表示狀態(tài)的， 所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，

42、又因 live 是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)，必須加個(gè)介詞才可以， in the room, 所以后用介詞 in.45. 參考答案 D 由 1.75 meters 得知，是問(wèn)他有多高，所以用 how tall.46. 參考答案 C 主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句要用過(guò)去相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)樵谡f(shuō)話的時(shí)候， 已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了信， 動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去， 所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。47. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少 waiting for 的賓語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)該用賓格 whom.48. 參考答案 D 我不知道他是否還住這里。因?yàn)椴淮_定，所以應(yīng)該用 whether.49. 參考答案 A what 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做 said 的賓語(yǔ)。50. 參考答案 D 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，如果選 C 的意思就是我非常想知道他一直被忙，不應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)， D 選項(xiàng)是合理的。51. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。52. 參考答案 C 賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序。53. 參考答案 C 同上。54.