中考英語(yǔ)《短文填空技巧解析》課件（經(jīng)典實(shí)用）

1、中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 填空填空 解題技巧解題技巧 一、一、 填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？ 完形填空是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)法和詞匯語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)綜合 運(yùn)用能力的典型題，難易程度與初中教材相當(dāng)，詞數(shù) 在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個(gè)詞左右設(shè)空。 學(xué)生通過(guò)推理判斷，綜合分析等將答案填入空白處， 使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。 1. 1. 跳過(guò)空格，通讀短文，了解大意。跳過(guò)空格，通讀短文，了解大意。 2.2. 復(fù)讀短文，確定語(yǔ)義，判斷詞形。復(fù)讀短文，確定語(yǔ)義，判斷詞形。 A.)A.) 利用上下文的語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)利用上下文的語(yǔ)境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí) ，先確定空格處所

2、需詞語(yǔ)的意義，先確定空格處所需詞語(yǔ)的意義. . B.)B.)再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句 中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再 依據(jù)詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的依據(jù)詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的 正確形式。正確形式。 3.3.通讀短文，檢查答案。通讀短文，檢查答案。 英語(yǔ)短文填空解題技巧：英語(yǔ)短文填空解題技巧： 二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？ （一）（一）從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看 首句通常不設(shè)空，以便考生對(duì)短文前提 和背景有個(gè)較清楚的了解，從而使考生盡快熟悉語(yǔ)境、 推測(cè)文章大意。

3、 2. 短文設(shè)空平均密度為25個(gè)單詞一個(gè)空。 中考完形填空拋棄了傳統(tǒng)的“語(yǔ)法知識(shí)型”命 題模式，轉(zhuǎn)變成“情境能力型”的命題趨勢(shì)。 它的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)就是突出語(yǔ)篇，即重在文意的干擾， 把具體的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)具體的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)融進(jìn)具體的語(yǔ)言情境語(yǔ)言情境中去，考查學(xué)生 通過(guò)上下文對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。 二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？ （二）從語(yǔ)言層次看（二）從語(yǔ)言層次看 考點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)把握語(yǔ)段的要求在提高。我們可以 把考點(diǎn)分為三個(gè)層次，即句子層次、句群層次和語(yǔ)篇層次 句子層次的設(shè)空句子層次的設(shè)空 例：例： (2007年中考英語(yǔ)試卷 完形填空四選一 保留原題號(hào)) I 90 you were

4、very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success. A. remember B. explainC. hope D. expect 答案：答案：A 指那些只需讀懂設(shè)空所在句便可選出答案的題目。 二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？ 2. 句群層次的設(shè)空句群層次的設(shè)空 前制性設(shè)空前制性設(shè)空 后制性設(shè)空后制性設(shè)空 指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過(guò)推理判斷可以 得到答案的題目 即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。 指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案 的題目/下文

5、某處有提示。 二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？ 前制性設(shè)空前制性設(shè)空 例：例： It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school! 后制性設(shè)空后制性設(shè)空 例：例： 1). Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I kn

6、ow you dont like me ” 2). Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. speak liked two 二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？ 3. 語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空 I work as a volunteer for an

7、organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1 him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句話) ( ) 1. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate D 指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定 正確答案的設(shè)空。 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 考查

8、方向考查方向: 正確理解和書(shū)寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)單詞正確理解和書(shū)寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)單詞 命題形式命題形式: 短文中短文中10個(gè)空需要填上適個(gè)空需要填上適 當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~.(wu首字母或中文提示首字母或中文提示) 所占比例所占比例: 10空空 15 分分 特別提醒特別提醒： 所有的單詞都必須根據(jù)上下文所有的單詞都必須根據(jù)上下文 來(lái)確定。必須注意詞形的變化，包括名詞來(lái)確定。必須注意詞形的變化，包括名詞 的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的的單復(fù)數(shù)、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的 比較級(jí)（最高級(jí)）等。比較級(jí)（最高級(jí)）等。 中考英語(yǔ)新題型中考英語(yǔ)新題型短文填空短文填空 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 詞形的變換 冠詞：冠詞：a/a

9、n/thea/an/the 基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞, ,序數(shù)詞：序數(shù)詞：1,2,31,2,3（基）（基）; ; 第第X(X(序序) ) 名詞：名詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)形式單復(fù)數(shù)形式, , 所有格的用法所有格的用法 動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài) 語(yǔ)態(tài)（主被動(dòng)）的變化語(yǔ)態(tài)（主被動(dòng)）的變化 形容詞、副詞：形容詞、副詞：比較等級(jí)的用法比較等級(jí)的用法 代詞：代詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)單復(fù)數(shù) 人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞 反身代詞反身代詞 指示指示 代代 詞詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 不定代詞不定代詞 等的用法等的用法 連詞：連詞：并列與從屬連詞的用法并列與從屬連詞的用法 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 詞形的變換 名詞：名詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)形式單復(fù)數(shù)形式, , 所有格的用法

10、所有格的用法 GZ is one of the most beautiful GZ is one of the most beautiful _. (_. (城市城市) ) I met a friend of _I met a friend of _（她的）（她的）. . All the _(All the _(綿羊綿羊) like to eat ) like to eat grass.grass. cities hers sheep 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 詞形的變換 動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài) 語(yǔ)態(tài)（主被動(dòng)）的變化語(yǔ)態(tài)（主被動(dòng)）的變化 Everyone in our class _(Eve

11、ryone in our class _(喜歡喜歡) ) watching cartoons.watching cartoons. Ill spend as much time as I can Ill spend as much time as I can _(_(讀讀) these stories.) these stories. Yesterday we _(prevent) Yesterday we _(prevent) from getting to school by the heavy rain.from getting to school by the heavy rain.

12、likes reading were prevented 語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng)：主動(dòng)：v/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 被動(dòng)：被動(dòng)：be + p.p. 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 詞形的變換 形容詞形容詞 副詞：副詞：比較等級(jí)的用法比較等級(jí)的用法 He can _(He can _(容易容易) swim across ) swim across the river.the river. Because of this, your name is Because of this, your name is _loved by your parents than _loved by your parents

13、 than you.you. easily more 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 詞形的變換 代詞：代詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)單復(fù)數(shù) 人稱(chēng)代詞人稱(chēng)代詞 反身代詞反身代詞 指示代指示代 詞詞 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 不定代詞不定代詞 等的用等的用 法法 You can throw _, kick it or hit it.You can throw _, kick it or hit it. Taking too many selfies(Taking too many selfies(自拍自拍) seems to ) seems to encourage(encourage(鼓勵(lì)鼓勵(lì)) people to on

14、ly think of ) people to only think of _._. They are very good friends and they They are very good friends and they almost do _ together.almost do _ together. it themselves everything 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 自己自己 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 指示代指示代 詞詞 it 它/這/不譯 this(這個(gè)), these(這些)指在時(shí)間或空間 上 較近較近的人或者事物 that(那個(gè)), those(那些)指在時(shí)

15、間或空間 上較遠(yuǎn)較遠(yuǎn)的人或者事物 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 不定代不定代 詞詞 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 連詞連詞 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 1 September 10th is T_Day. 2. The f _ day of the week is Sunday. 3. A good b _ makes a good ending. 4.When you laugh ,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth. irst pen eginning 5. Last Sunday，we

16、played h_ in the park, though we were very tired. eachers appily 6.He was very a with the man upstairs and began to shout，“Stop singing！” ngry 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 10.In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen l_ eaves 7.This book belongs to Mary. It is h_. 9.For years,we playe

17、d other peoples songs, b_ now we play mostly our own songs. ers ut 8 .Mrs Green said to the twins,“Help y_ to some fish please. ” ourselves 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 1. September 10th is Teachers Day. 2.In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves. 首先考慮名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，然后注意名詞所有格。首先考慮名詞的

18、單、復(fù)數(shù)，然后注意名詞所有格。 3.We could not run faster than cheetahs , so we _ (發(fā)明發(fā)明)cars and now we can move the fastest 考慮動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。語(yǔ)態(tài)變化?？紤]動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。語(yǔ)態(tài)變化。 4.When you laugh ,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth. invented pen appily 6.Summer is the hottest season of the year. 注意形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)的變化。注意形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)的變化。 5. Last

19、Sunday，we played h_ in the park, though we were very tired. 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 8. Mrs Green said to the twins .“Help yourselves to some fish please. ” 此處考代詞用法。此處考代詞用法。 7. Help yourself to some fish，Jim. 9.This book belongs to Mary. It is hers. 10.For years, we played other peoples songs, but now we play

20、 mostly our own songs. 11. She didnt go to school yesterday ，because she was ill. 此處考連詞此處考連詞 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔細(xì)）（仔細(xì)） which covered the mum. Under her body _(躺躺)her baby. The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers. He was about 3 or 4 m

21、old. B the baby was well (保護(hù)保護(hù))by his mothers body, he was very safe. He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him. The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt. When he looked at the screen, a message was already there. “My dear

22、baby, if you could l, dont forget how mI love you. ” Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears. rescuers (救援人員救援人員) ruins 廢墟廢墟 carefully lay onths protected ecause eaceful ive uch ho hone Fill in each blank with the right form 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（

23、仔細(xì)）（仔細(xì)） which covered the mum. Under her body _(躺躺)her baby. The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers. He was about 3 or 4 m old. B the baby was well (保護(hù)保護(hù))by his mothers body, he was very safe. He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and pface warmed every

24、one around him. The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt. When he looked at the screen, a message was already there. “My dear baby, if you could l, dont forget how mI love you. ” Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears. carefully lay onths protected ecause eaceful ive uch ho hone 根

25、據(jù)上下語(yǔ)境根據(jù)上下語(yǔ)境,判斷詞義判斷詞義: He was sleeping well 確定詞義后確定詞義后,判斷詞形判斷詞形 cleaned up rescuers (救援人員救援人員) ruins 廢墟廢墟 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 The idea of Fathers Day came from an A_lady called Dodd in 1909. She wanted a _（特別的）（特別的）day to honour her father. He (撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng)) six children by h after his wife died during the birth

26、of their s_ child. Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honour great and loving dads. Her father was born on June 19. so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day celebration on his b in 1910. In 1924, US president liked the idea of a national Fathers Day. Finally, in 1966, the third Sunday in Jun

27、e was n _Fathers Day. There are many w to show your love and thanks. merican ixth six US president raised imself irthday special amed ays Step1 The passage is about . Step2 The meaning of each blank Step3 The right form of each word Step4 Read the passage again to check the answers Honour 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念 中考英語(yǔ)短

28、文填空技巧解析課件 Dear friends , Im sorry to hear that an earthquake happened to your hometown. The earthquake _(毀壞毀壞)your hometown. Lots of h_fell down and some of you cant see your families any longer. Please dont feel s_. You should believe in the Party, the government and the people in the country. You

29、should be full of wishes b_ the Party, the government and the people are with you all the time and they take care of you. They try their b_ to solve your troubles. They give away their money and many t_to you and they _(捐獻(xiàn)捐獻(xiàn))blood for you. So you should take care of y_. In the future, you should do

30、something u_for our country to _( 回報(bào)回報(bào)) for their loves. Yours, XXX destroyed ouses ad ecause est ourselves answer donate seful hings 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 All around the world, people drink tea. But tea All around the world, people drink tea. But tea does not _(does not _(意味著意味著)(1) the same thing to )(1)

31、 the same thing to e e_(2). In different countries people have _(2). In different countries people have very different very different i i_(3) about drinking tea. _(3) about drinking tea. In China people always have tea _(In China people always have tea _(一起）一起）(4) (4) with their friends. They may dr

32、ink tea at any time with their friends. They may drink tea at any time of the day. They only put tea leaves in their cups. of the day. They only put tea leaves in their cups. They They l l_(5) the tea with nothing _(5) the tea with nothing _ （其他的）（其他的）(6) in it. (6) in it. Tea is also Tea is also i

33、i_(7) in Japan. It is very _(7) in Japan. It is very p p_(8) there. People drink tea every day. _(8) there. People drink tea every day. But they have it in a way different from that in But they have it in a way different from that in China. China. In the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after In

34、 the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after m m_(9). They usually use tea bags to make _(9). They usually use tea bags to make their tea. Making tea with bags is faster and their tea. Making tea with bags is faster and e e_(10) than making it with tea leaves in _(10) than making it with tea leav

35、es in teapots. teapots. mean veryone deas together ikeelse mportant eals opular asier 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 2.26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut (初次登臺(tái)初次登臺(tái)) on October 23, 2002 and got 6 points for the Houston Rockets in the game. The next day, he got 13 points in a_ game. Most people think that Yao

36、Ming is a born basketball player. But Yao said, “When you watch it on TV, it looks very easy. But when you are playing in the NBA, it is r_ not so easy.” He said that joining the Houston Rockets was a new _（開(kāi)端）（開(kāi)端） and a new challenge. “I hope that through very h_ work I can make everyone happy and

37、help the Rockets w_ more games,” he said. Yao Ming speaks some English. B_ he and his teammates can u_ each other. They dont think there is a language problem. While Yao Ming faces this new challenge, the people of Houston have shown great i_ in him， and they hope Yan Ming will bring new _ (活力活力) to the Rockets. The team has started having lessons to learn more about China, and many people who work for the Rockets have learned to speak some C_. nother eally start ard in oth nderstand nterest energy hinese 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 Thank you! Goodbye! 中考英語(yǔ)短文填空技巧解析課件 We sometimes call t