[語言類考試復(fù)習資料大全]專升本英語分類模擬106

1、書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學子：學業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語言類考試復(fù)習資料大全專升本英語分類模擬106專升本英語分類模擬106Reading Comprehension問題:1. April 1st is a day on which, in some countries, people try to play tricks on others. If one succeeds in tricking somebody, one may laugh and say, April Fool! and then the person who has been tricked usua

2、lly laughs too. One April 1st, a bus was going along a country road when it slowed down and stopped. The driver anxiously turned switches (開關(guān)) and pressed buttons (按鈕), but nothing happened. Then he turned to the passengers with a worried look on his face and said, This poor bus is getting old. Ther

3、es only one thing to do if we want to get home today. I shall count one, two, three, and on the word three, I want you all to lean forward suddenly with all your effort. That should get the bus started again. Now, all of you lean back as far as you can in your seats and get ready. The passengers all

4、 pressed back against their seats and waited for his order. The driver turned to his front and asked, Are you ready? The passengers hardly had enough breath to answer, Yes. One! Two! Three! counted the driver. The passengers all swung (搖擺) forward and the bus started up at once. The passengers breat

5、hed more easily and began to smile. But their smiles turned to surprise and then burst into laughter (大笑起來) when the driver merrily cried, April Fool! April Fool is a person who _ on April 1st. A.has been trickedB.succeeds in tricking somebodyC.tricks othersD.plays tricks on others答案:A問題:2. Social c

6、hange is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kinds of society. There are more ideas, more dis

7、agreements in interest, and more gropes and organizations with different beliefs, in addition, there is usually agreater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are

8、 quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed. Within a society, social change is also likely to occu

9、r more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what has learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their oppos

10、ite; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continu

11、ous scale rather than one with violent change. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp different in appearance between them and their white counterparts. The expression greater tolerance (Para. 1) refer

12、 to _. A.more respect for different beliefs and behaviorsB.quicker adaptation to changing circumstancesC.greater willingness to accept social changeD.greater readiness to agree to different opinion and ideas答案:A問題:3. The economy of the United States after 1952 was the economy of a well-fed, almost f

13、ully employed people. Despite occasional alarms, the country escaped any post-war liquidation and lived in a state of boom. The history of extraction, production, and distribution had therefore been almost nothing but a statistical table reflecting prosperity. And economic survey of the year 1955, a

14、 typical year of the 1950s, may be illumination as illustrating the decade. The national output was valued at about 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediatel

15、y following World War . The countrys businesses spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost third greater than it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is, about 700 million dollars a day, or about twen

16、ty-five million dollars every hour, all around the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the boom. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920s. As

17、farmers share of their products declined, marketing costs rose. But there were few pessimists among the observers of the national economy. Those few seemed to fear, that the prosperity was based on government pump priming on a stupendous scale. In the first paragraph, the word boom could best be rep

18、laced by _. A.nearby explosionB.thunderous noiseC.general public supportD.rapid economic growth答案:D問題:4. If women are mercilessly exploited (剝削) year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they a

19、re always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe (衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing s

20、adly that she has nothing to wear. Changing the fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time alterin

21、g the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). The

22、y are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or de

23、licately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes. When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too cle

24、ver to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. By saying the conclusions to be drawn are obvious (Para. 4), the writer means that _. A.womens inconstancy in their choice of cl

25、othing is often laughed atB.women are better able to put up with discomfortC.men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD.men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion答案:D問題:5. In the U.S. today, the cost of housing is very high. It is common to pay one fourth to one third of a familys in

26、come on a place to live. The price of a house depends on its size and location. Big houses are more expensive than smaller ones, and houses closer to the center of big cities are more expensive than the ones in the suburbs or in small towns. Regardless of (不顧) the cost, it is usual for people to buy

27、 their houses over a period of time. When a family buys a house, it is necessary to borrow money from a bank to pay for it. Then they repay the bank in regular payments. This kind of bank loan is called a mortgage. Families usually take 30 years pay off the mortgage. Without a mortgage it would be i

28、mpossible for most people to own their houses. Many Americans dont own their houses. They pay landlords to live in their homes. The money for this is called rent. Usually it is cheaper to rent than it is to buy and to pay a mortgage. Also, when something needs to be repaired, it is easy for the rent

29、er to ask the landlord to fix it. Some people rent houses, but most renters live in apartments. Apartment buildings are located in cities where it is too costly to build houses. Recently it has become common for renters to buy their apartments. When this happens, the cost usually increases but the m

30、oney goes to pay off the mortgage. Apartments bought this way are called condominiums. What does the word mortgage (in Para. 2) mean in Chinese? A.利息B.抵押貸款C.儲存D.支出答案:B問題:6. There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable at an earlier period; our desire for material wealth

31、may have been justified. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast. Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits

32、 on growth. There include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the worlds population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.

33、 People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore

34、, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization. This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth

35、are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another. We may infer from the context that proponents (Para. 3) most probably means _. A.arguments in suppor

36、t of somethingB.disagreementsC.people who argue for somethingD.people who argue against something答案:C問題:7. There are people who are especially attracted to the concept of climbing the ladder so to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work et

37、hic (行為準則), these people are internally driven to work. Frequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an excessive amount of time working and as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word has been created to descr

38、ibe people who work compulsively. The word workaholic describes an individual who is as devoted to work as an alcoholic is addicted to liquor. There are conflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and me

39、ntally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, efficiency, and productiona workaholic upholds these values. The word workaholic refers to a person _. A.who especially likes alcoholB.who enjoys worki

40、ngC.who is forced to work by someone elseD.who likes to work and to drink liquor答案:B Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship owner knows that his vessel may be lost at s

41、ea; the bread-winner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every vessel is lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In o

42、ther words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as insured and those who administer the pool of contributions as insurers. Not all risks end themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly speaki

43、ng, the ordinary risks of business and speculation cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kind that can be statistically estimated and risks can only be insured against, if they can be so estimated. The legal basis of all insurance is the policy.

44、 This is a printed form of contract on stout paper of the best quality. It states in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money, called the premium, which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured

45、 against actually happens. The wording of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old-fashioned, but there is a sound reason for this. Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meanings of doubtful phrases in policies. The law courts, in their

46、 judgments, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes that the phrases have continued to be used in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech. 8. The basis of insurance (Para. 1) refers to _.A.the sharing of risksB.the administra

47、tion of contributionsC.the payment of contributionsD.exposure to risks答案:B9. By the pool of contributions (Para. 1) the writer means _.A.money paid by the insuredB.money paid the insuredC.the cost of administering insuranceD.the amount of each premium答案:A問題:10. The agriculture revolution in the nine

48、teenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. In Europe, said Thomas Jefferson, the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; h

49、ere it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant. It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in the nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the

50、existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a east-iron plow and spent his enti

51、re fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-stee

52、l plow. The word here (Line 4) refers to _. A.EuropeB.AmericaC.New JerseyD.Indiana答案:B問題:11. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. Some are already in use and have achieved brilliant success. Others are in the stage of laboratory testing. Still others are little more than ideas in the minds of scientists, waiting for the oppor