固體力學常用詞匯

1、9彈性力學elasticity彈性理論theory of elasticity均勻應力狀態(tài)homogeneous state of stress應力不變量stressin varia nt應變不變量strainin varia nt應變橢球strain ellipsoid均勻應變狀態(tài)homogeneous state ofstrain應變協(xié)調(diào)方程equati on of stra in compatibility拉梅常量Lame constants各向同性彈性 isotropic elasticity旋轉(zhuǎn)圓盤rotat ingcirculardisk楔 wedge開爾文問題 Kelvinpro

2、blem布西內(nèi)斯克問題Bouss in esqproblem艾里應力函數(shù)Airy stress fun ctionmethod克羅索夫-穆斯赫利什維利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili基爾霍夫假設(shè)Kirchhoff hypothesis板 Plate矩形板Recta ngularplate圓板Circularplate環(huán)板Annu lar plate波紋板Corrugated plate加勁板Stiffe nedplate,re in forcedPlate中厚板Plate of moderatethick ness彎曲應力函數(shù) Stress fun ctio nofbendin

3、g殼 Shell扁殼Shallow shell旋轉(zhuǎn)殼Revoluti onaryshell球殼Sphericalshell圓柱殼 Cylindricalshell錐殼Coni calshell環(huán)殼Toroidalshell圭封閉殼Closed shell波紋殼Corrugated shell扭轉(zhuǎn)應力函數(shù) Stress fun ctio noftorsio n翹曲函數(shù)Warpi ng fun ctio n半逆解法semi-i nverse method瑞利-里茨法 Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法Relaxatio nmethod萊維法 Levy method 松弛 Relaxat

4、i on量纟岡分析 Dime nsional an alysis 自相似性self-similarity 影響面 In flue nee surface 接觸應力Con tactstress赫茲理論Hertztheory協(xié)調(diào)接觸Con formi ngcon tact滑動接觸Slidi ngcon tact滾動接觸Rolli ngcon tact壓入Inden tati on各向異性彈性 An isotropic elasticity 顆粒材料Granu lar material散體力學Mecha nics of gra nu lar media熱彈性 Thermoelasticity 超彈性

5、 Hyperelasticity 粘彈性 Viscoelasticity 對應原理Corresp ondence prin ciple褶皺Wrin kle塑性全量理論Total theory of plasticity滑動 Slidi ng 微滑 Microslip粗糙度 Rough ness 非線性彈性No nlin earelasticity大撓度 Largedeflect ion突彈跳變sn ap-through有限變形 Fin ite deformati on 格林應變Gree nstrain阿爾曼西應變Alma nsistrain彈性動力學 Dyn amic elasticity 運

6、動方程 Equati on of moti on 準靜態(tài)的Quasi-static氣動彈性Aeroelasticity水彈性 Hydroelasticity 顫振 Flutter 彈性波 Elastic wave簡單波 Simple wave柱面波Cyli ndricalwave水平剪切波Horiz on talshear wave豎直剪切波 Verticalshearwave體波 body wave無旋波 Irrotati onalwave畸變波Distortio nwave膨脹波Dilatationwave瑞利波 Rayleigh wave 等容波 Equivolu minal wave

7、勒夫波 Love wave界面波 In terfacial wave邊緣效應edge effect塑性力學Plasticity可成形性Formability金屬成形Metal forming耐撞性 Crashworthi ness 結(jié)構(gòu)抗撞毀性Structural crashworthi ness拉拔Drawi ng破壞機構(gòu)Collapse mecha nism回彈Sprin gback擠壓Extrusi on沖壓Stampi ng穿透Perforatio n層裂Spalli ng塑性理論Theory of plasticity安定 性理論Shake-down theory運動安定定理kin

8、ematicshake-dow ntheorem靜力安定定理Static shake-dow n theorem率相關(guān)理論ratedepe ndenttheorem載荷因子load factor力口載準貝 ULoadi ngcriteri on加載函數(shù)Loadi ngfun ctio n力口載面Load ingsurface塑性加載Plasticloadi ng塑性加載波Plasticloadi ngwave簡單加載Simpleloadi ng比例加載Proportio nalloadi ng卸載 Un loadi ng 卸載波Uni oad ingwave沖擊載荷Impulsive load

9、階躍載荷step load脈沖載荷pulseload極限載荷limitload中性變載nentral loadi ng拉抻失穩(wěn)in stabilityin tension力口速度波accelerati onwave本構(gòu)方程con stitutiveequati on完全解 complete soluti on 名義應力nominal stress過應力 over-stress 真應力 true stress 等效應力equivale nt stress流動應力flow stress應力間斷stressdisc on ti nuity應力空間stressspace主應力空間 prin cipal

10、 stress space 靜水應力狀態(tài)hydrostatic state of stress對數(shù)應變logarithmic strain工程應變engin eeri ng stra in等效應變equivale ntstrain應變局部化stra inlocalizati on應變率 strain rate 應變率敏感性strain rate sen sitivity應變空間strainspace有限應變fin itestrain塑性應變增量plastic strainin creme nt累積塑性應變accumulated plastic strain永久變形perma nentdefor

11、mati on內(nèi)變量 internal variable 應變軟化strain-softe ning理想剛塑性材料rigid-perfectlyplastic Material剛塑性材料rigid-plastic material理想塑性材料perfectl plastic material材料穩(wěn)定性stability of material應變偏張量deviatoricten sorofstrain應力偏張量deviatoriten sorofstress應變球張量sphericalten sorofstrain應力球張量sphericalten sorofstress路徑相關(guān)性path-d

12、epe ndency線性強化應變強化lin earstra in-harde ningstra in-harde ning隨動強化kin ematicharde ning各向同性強化isotropic harde ning強化模量strain-harde ningmodulus幕強化 power harde ning塑性極限彎矩plastic limitbending Mome nt塑性極限扭矩彈塑性彎曲plastic limittorqueelastic-plasticbending彈塑性交界面elastic-plasticin terfaceelastic-plastic 粘塑性 Visc

13、oplasticity 非彈性In elasticity理想彈塑性材料彈塑性扭轉(zhuǎn)torsio nplastic Material極限分析limitan alysis極限設(shè)計limitdesig n極限面limitsurface上限定理upperbou ndtheorem上屈服點upperyieldpoi nt下限定理lowerbou ndtheorem下屈服點loweryieldpoi nt界限定理bou ndtheoremelastic-perfectly初始屈服面in itial后繼屈服面yield surfacesubseque nt yield屈服面的外凸性convexitysurfa

14、ceof yield surface沙堆比擬sand heap an alogy屈服 Yield屈服條件yieldcon diti on屈服準則yieldcriterio n屈服函數(shù)yieldfun ctio n屈服面yieldsurface塑性勢plasticpote ntialof cross-secti on截面形狀因子shape factor能量吸收裝置energy absorb ing device能量耗散率energyabsorb ingdevice塑性動力學dyn amic plasticity塑性動力屈曲dyn amicplasticbuckli ng塑性動力響應dyn ami

15、cplasticresponse塑性波 plastic wave 運動容許場kin ematicallyadmissible Field靜力容許場statically admissible Field流動法則flow rule速度間斷velocitydisc on ti nuity滑移線slip-li nes滑移線場slip-li nes field移行塑性鉸travelli ngplastic hinge塑性增量理論 in creme ntal theory of Plasticity 米澤斯屈服準則Mises yield criterio n普朗特-羅伊斯關(guān)系prandtl-Reuss r

16、elation特雷斯卡屈服準則Tresca yield criterio n洛德應力參數(shù) Lode stress parameter 萊維-米澤斯關(guān)系Levy-Mises relation亨基應力方程Hencky stress equati onspace赫艾-韋斯特加德應力空間Haigh-Westergaard stress洛德應變參數(shù)Lode stra inparameter德魯克公設(shè)Drucker postulate蓋林格速度方程Geiri nger velocity Equation結(jié)構(gòu)力學structuralmecha nics結(jié)構(gòu)分析structuralan alysis結(jié)構(gòu)動力學

17、 structuraldyn amics拱 Arch三鉸拱three-h in gedarch拋物線拱parabolic arch圓拱 circular arch 穹頂 Dome空間結(jié)構(gòu)spacestructure空間桁架spacetruss雪載荷snowload風載荷wi ndload土壓力earthpressure地震載荷earthquakeloadi ng彈黃支座spri ngsupport支座位移supportdisplaceme nt支座沉降supportsettleme nt超靜定次數(shù)degreeof in determ inacy機動分析kin ematican alysis結(jié)點

18、法 method ofjoi nts截面法 method ofsect ions結(jié)點力 joi ntforces共軛位移conjugatedisplaceme nt影響線 in flue neeline二彎矩方程three-mome ntequatio n單位虛力unit virtualforce剛度系數(shù)stiffnesscoefficie nt柔度系數(shù)flexibilitycoefficie nt力矩分配mome ntdistributi on力矩分配法moment distributionmethod力矩再分酉己moment redistribution分配系數(shù)distributio nf

19、actor矩陣位移法matri displaceme ntmethod單元剛度矩陣 eleme nt stiffness matrix單元應變矩陣eleme nt strain matrix總體坐標globalcoord in ates貝蒂定理BettitheoremMethod高斯-若爾當消去法 Gauss-Jordanelimination屈曲模態(tài) buckli ng mode復合材料力學mecha nics of composites復合材料composite material纖維復合材料fibrous composite單向復合材料uni direct ionalcomposite泡沫

20、復合材料foamed composite顆粒復合材料particulate composite層板 Lam in ate夾層板 san dwich panel正交層板cross-plylam in ate斜交層板an gle-plylam in ate層片 Ply多胞固體cellularsolid膨脹 Expa nsion壓實 Debulk劣化Degradatio n脫層Delam in ati on脫粘 Debo nd 纖維應力fiber stress層應力plystress層應變plystrain層間應力in terlam inarstress比強度 specificstre ngth強度

21、折減系數(shù)stre ngth reduction factor強度應力比 stre ngth -stress ratio 橫向剪切模量tran sverseshearmodulus橫觀各向同性tran sverseisotropy正交各向異 Orthotropy剪滯分析shearlagan alysis短纖維choppedfiber長纖維con ti nu ousfiber纖維方向fiberdirectio n纖維斷裂fiberbreak纖維拔脫fiberpull-out纖維增強fiberrei nforceme nt致密化Den sificati on最小重量設(shè)計optimum weight desig n網(wǎng)格分析法 n ett ing an alysis 混合律 rule of mixture 失效準貝 U failure criteri on蔡-吳失效準則 Tsai-W