[專業(yè)英語考試復習資料]專業(yè)八級分類模擬232

1、專業(yè)英語考試復習資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬232專業(yè)英語考試復習資料專業(yè)八級分類模擬232專業(yè)八級分類模擬232LISTENING COMPREHENSIONIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE O

2、NLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標題名) 1.A.A childs relation with his mother.B.A well-to-do family.C.A professional babysitter.D.A

3、 strict family environment.答案:A聽力原文 W: Today Id like to welcome Sean Smith, a psychologist from Maryland State Research Institute, who is going to talk to us about the normal and sound development of self with adopted child. Hello, Sean. M: Hello. W: Now Sean, as we may know, a child is likely to be

4、 affected by certain influential factors during his normal development of self. Then what do you think is the most important factor affecting this process? M: Well, actually several factors may work together to cultivate the self. Among them, a childs relationship with his mother is ranking on the t

5、op of the list, which we may also call, maternal attachment. Infants form an attachment with the mother that must undergo a process of separation and individuation. W: How do we understand the correlation between separation and individuation? M: Good question. Object relations psychology examines th

6、is relationship, which depends on the ability of the child to separate himself from his object, the mother, and realize that he is a separate individual. W: All right, then. What are the other factors required to help children realize a sound development of self? Does environment play any role in it

7、? M: Thats exactly what I am going to talk about next. Absolutely, a safe, loving environment is another necessary component for the development of a healthy self-concept. Certainly, affectionate, caring parents are essential as well. As the child begins to develop his sense of self, he must master

8、certain developmental tasks that are part of growing up. W: Developmental tasks? Thats a fresh term. Could you present us some concrete examples of such tasks? M: Developmental tasks may take different forms, such as acquisition of language and toilet training. Anything that interrupts the developme

9、nt of these important skills may interfere with developing a healthy self-concept. W: What, then, effect does adoption have on the development of a healthy sense of self? Since an infants relationship with his mother is so important, according to many psychologists, what effect does being separated

10、from the biological mother have on the adopted child? M: That depends. For infants adopted at birth, the effect may be minimal, for the infant has often had no opportunity to bond with the biological mother. W: But what about a child who is older when he is adopted? What effect does adoption have on

11、 a toddler? M: Even if a toddler has been in one foster home since birth and has therefore attached himself to his foster mother, he will likely experience a series of reactions when separated from this caregiver protest, despair, and detachmentunless his experience is monitored to help him handle t

12、he change. Consider a toddler adopted at the age of 18 months who has lived in the same foster home since birth. When he is placed with an adoptive family, he is likely to experience separation anxiety from his foster mother, who can be regarded as symbolically abandoning him as his own biological m

13、other did. What is the most important factor in the cultivation of the self for a child? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，孩子與母親之間的關(guān)系是孩子自我發(fā)展過程中的首要因素，故答案為A。 2.A.Toys.B.Father.C.Mother.D.Pet dog.答案:C聽力原文 According to object relations psychology, what does a child view as an object? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，對象關(guān)系心理學認為這種

14、關(guān)系取決于兒童把自己從對象中分離出來的能力，對象即母親，故答案為C。 3.A.A safe, loving environment.B.Affectionate, caring parents.C.Maternal attachment.D.Family background.答案:D聽力原文 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as essentials to the development of a healthy self-concept? 本題考查細節(jié)辨析。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，安全、友愛的環(huán)境以及和藹的父母都是影響孩子自我健康發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵性因素，

15、以及上文提到的首要因素即母性關(guān)系，故答案為D。 4.A.Delayed motor skills development.B.Delayed toilet training.C.Difficulty in interacting with peers.D.Inability to express affection.答案:B聽力原文 What is the special problem for adopted children? 本題設(shè)題點在舉例處。受訪者指出當小孩開始發(fā)展自我意識時，他必須掌握成長過程中的某些developmental tasks。在被問及什么是developmental

16、tasks時，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，像語言的習得和上廁所的訓練都是孩子在發(fā)展自我階段所必須掌握的，而被收養(yǎng)的孩子也許沒有經(jīng)歷過這個過程，最終可能會導致自我不能健康地發(fā)展，故答案為B。 5.A.They are as likely to develop separation anxiety as those who are not adopted.B.They will never recover from separation anxiety.C.They struggle to develop a healthy sense of self.D.They always experience fe

17、elings of protest, despair and detachment.答案:A聽力原文 According to the interview, which of the following statements about adopted children is CORRECT? 本題設(shè)題點在時間狀語從句處。受訪者指出孩子對母親有著強烈的依附感，即使是那些出生后就被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子也一樣，一旦與他們的母親分開，他們可能會出現(xiàn)一系列的反應。假設(shè)將一個出生后就被收養(yǎng)長到18個月大的孩子再放在別的領(lǐng)養(yǎng)家庭中，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，這樣做會讓孩子產(chǎn)生分離焦慮感，就像被生母拋棄一樣，故答案為A。 (

18、如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標題名) 6.A.Because they already understood what it means to be a baby for blood parents.B.Because they have developed a subconsciousness about blood relation.C.Because they have already begun to develop a sense of self in relation to others.D.Because they have already obtained an awaren

19、ess of social relations.答案:C聽力原文 W: Its sure to say his transition to living an adoptive home may be difficult, isnt it? M: Yes, it proves difficult as he adjusts to new surroundings and caregivers because, by the age of 18 months, he has already begun to develop a sense of self in relation to other

20、s. On the other hand, he is past the crucial age of 7 to 12 months. W: Why do you call this period the crucial age? M: This period is crucial because at this time an infant may sustain the most severe damage to his mental and physical development if deprived of mothering by one significant individua

21、l. Now it seems as though he has to start over; his protesting may give way to despair as he yearns for people who used to be in his life. W: Then it is essential that the adoptive family offer as much affection and security as possible to reassure the child that he is safe, that they are reliable s

22、ources of loving care, and that they will help him through this difficult stage. M: One thing we need to note is sometime a child may continue to suffer from separation anxiety in spite of these actions. Although he may not mind the actual separation from his mother when he goes to play school or da

23、y care, he may become obsessed about the time when his mother is supposed to pick him up at day care or kindergarten; tardiness may provoke fears about car accidents or death. W: Some psychologists believe that a child who is given more affection is sometimes more strongly attached and therefore mor

24、e prone to separation anxiety than some of those who are treated more roughly. Does such statement hold water? M: That may prove right. Since such dependence in the well-loved child is outgrown and later provides the basis for a stable independence, it would be a mistake to suppose it to be patholog

25、ical. On the contrary, the capacity to experience separation anxiety can be regarded as a sign of the healthy personality. W: An adopted child, then, has at least an average chance of successful individuation, assuming he is adopted by loving parents. Thank you, Scan. Thanks for talking with us. M:

26、My pleasure. Why is it difficult for adopted children above 18 months to adjust to a new home? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，收養(yǎng)的兒童到18個月時就已經(jīng)發(fā)展出自我與他人關(guān)系的概念，故答案為C。 7.A.It is a period when a child is most vulnerable to mental and physical damage.B.It is a period when a child is most closely attached to his mother

27、.C.It is a period when a child develops his core concept of self.D.It is a period when a child develops his cognitive abilities.答案:A聽力原文 Why is the age of 7 to 12 months a crucial period? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，這一時期的兒童如果失去母親的照料，會遭受最嚴重的心理和生理打擊，故答案為A。 8.A.It varies with the age of the child.B.It depends

28、 on the adoptive family.C.It can be influenced by a foster mother.D.It would be the basis of stable independence.答案:D聽力原文 Which of the following is INCORRECT about the negative effect of adoption? 本題設(shè)題點在人物建議處。受訪者指出7至12個月是發(fā)展自我意識的關(guān)鍵年齡段，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，對于那些被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子來說，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)家庭給予孩子的愛和安全感能讓他們覺得自己是安全的，能幫助他們度過這一困難階段，故答案

29、為D。 9.A.Worry about his parents being injured in a car wreck.B.Be unable to play with his peers.C.Not develop motor skills at appropriate ages.D.Have an irrational fear of spiders.答案:A聽力原文 What may a child suffering from separation anxiety do? 本題設(shè)題點在轉(zhuǎn)折處。受訪者指出孩子在長大后可能仍然會有分離焦慮感，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，如果父母沒有按時接孩子，這種

30、時間的延誤會讓孩子擔心父母是否遭遇了不測，這也是一種分離焦慮感，故答案為A。 10.A.He is prone to a pathological anxiety.B.He is likely to suffer from psychological trauma.C.The strong attachment for him can never pass away.D.Separation anxiety for him can be seen as a sign of healthy personality.答案:D聽力原文 Which of the following statement

31、s is CORRECT about a child who is given more affection? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，這樣的“依附”關(guān)系會隨著兒童的成長而消失，之后會成為穩(wěn)定的獨立人格的基礎(chǔ)，將其看成病態(tài)是錯誤的，相反，感受到分離焦慮是健康人格的表現(xiàn)，故答案為D。 (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標題名) 11.A.Men and position.B.Men and property.C.Women and inheritance.D.Women and property.答案:C聽力原文 M: Welcome to our show. Today wer

32、e going to discuss some important questions about women and inheritance. For example, what happens to a woman when her husband dies, and who becomes the rightful owner of his property? Is there anything a woman can do to ensure that she receives the property? To help us answer these and other questi

33、ons, weve invited a lawyer, Mrs. Elizabeth Mutwa, to join us. Welcome to the show, Mrs. Mutwa. W: Thank you. Its a pleasure to be here. M: Mrs. Mutwa, let me start by asking you this. What are some of the concerns you have about women and the inheritance laws that affect them? W: Every day I meet wo

34、men whose husbands are dying. These women are afraid that they are going to lose everythingtheir home, their land, their livestock.and they believe there is nothing they can do about it. That is a terrible, desperate feeling. M: Yes, to feel that you are going to lose everything is terrifying. W: Of

35、 course it is. And Im sorry to say that often a woman does lose everythingbecause the property is taken by her husbands relatives. We call this property grabbing. M: Is there any way to prevent property grabbing and return property to the woman? W: Yes. Women have legal rights to land and other prop

36、erties. But unfortunately, most women dont know this. So they dont take any action. M: You mean women think that the law is against themso they dont challenge it? W: Thats right. But again, I want to make this very clear. The law is not against women. Women have rights to keep property they just don

37、t know it! M: So, its important for women to understand what rights they have, and how the law works. W: Exactly. Once they know the laws, they can take steps to make sure that they keep their home and their land. What is the interview mainly about? 本題設(shè)題點在訪談開始處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，訪談一開始，采訪者就表明此次訪談主要是關(guān)于女性和遺產(chǎn)繼承的

38、問題，故答案為C。 12.A.They feel desperate for the prospect that they may lose everything.B.They feel sad for their husband.C.They feel sad for their children.D.They feel sad for their own lonely life.答案:A聽力原文 According to the interview, how do women probably feel when their husbands are dying? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。

39、根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女性擔心自己失去一切，如家庭、土地、牲畜，她們會感到無助、絕望，故答案為A。 13.A.The husbands property is taken by his relatives.B.The husbands property is taken by the government.C.The husbands property is taken by robbers.D.The husbands property is taken by his wife.答案:A聽力原文 According to the interview, what is property grabb

40、ing? 本題設(shè)題點在因果關(guān)系處。訪談中提到，很多女性在丈夫過世后變得一無所有，根據(jù)聽力原文可知，property grabbing指的是遺產(chǎn)被丈夫的親屬搶占了，故答案為A。 14.A.The law is against them.B.They dont know that they have rights to keep property.C.The law is for them.D.They dont want to damage the relationship with their husbands relatives.答案:B聽力原文 Why do the women do no

41、thing to prevent property grabbing? 本題設(shè)題點在轉(zhuǎn)折處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，在被問及女性如何防止遺產(chǎn)被搶占時，受訪者指出，發(fā)生搶占遺產(chǎn)事件的主要原因在于女性不懂得用法律手段維護自己本該繼承的遺產(chǎn)，故答案為B。 15.A.Learning more about the inheritance law.B.Quarrelling with her husbands relatives for her property fiercely.C.Asking her relatives to put her husbands relatives into prison.

42、D.Going to Mrs. Mutwa for assistance.答案:A聽力原文 Which of the following is the way of preventing property grabbing for a woman? 本題設(shè)題點在重述總結(jié)處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，受訪者指出女性要想保護自己本該繼承的財產(chǎn)，一定要明白法律賦予了她們什么樣的權(quán)力以及法律是如何運作的，故答案為A。 (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標題名) 16.A.Discussing the importance of making a will with him.B.Discussing the pr

43、ocesses of his funeral plan.C.Discussing your health care after his death.D.Discussing organ donating possibilities with him.答案:A聽力原文 M: Okay, so I guess that when women come to you for help, this is one of the things you recommend learn about the local laws. What else can a woman do? W: I always re

44、commend that a woman do three things. First, discuss the importance of making a will with your husband. Encourage him to make a will in the presence of witnesses. Number two, find out if it is possible to register the home where you live with your husband. If you can, you will remain the owner of th

45、e land and house after your husbands death. Number three, get legal advice from a lawyer, a paralegal or a local organization that offers this type of assistance. They can help you understand your rights and the law. M: Mrs. Mutwa, I think the advice that youve offered here on the program will help

46、many women. Do you think that this kind of property grabbing will definitely affect womens lives after their husbands death? W: Definitely. Some of the women hope that the inheritance given by their husbands would help them out. Well, as a matter of fact, however, the fact proves that they always lo

47、se their things left by their husbands as their husbands relatives always ask her to divide the things with them. The relatives put forward that property and asset in her family are mostly produced by the husband. And so the wife should not take all of them away. The women have no idea about what sh

48、e deserves; some of them even take it for granted that the property should be returned to the husbands family. This is the essence of the problem. I hope that women should have this kind of awareness that they should go to seek for help from some professional lawyers. M: Thank you for joining us tod

49、ay. W: Youre most welcome. What can you do with your husband in proctecting properties? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，與丈夫討論訂立遺囑是受訪人的建議之一，故答案為A。 17.A.By asking the permission of all family members.B.By asking the permission of local land authority.C.By registering the home where you live with your husband.D.B

50、y contributing to the local church.答案:C聽力原文 What can you do to retain the ownership of your land and house after your husbands death? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女性要在丈夫去世后保留對土地和房屋的所有權(quán)，可以對現(xiàn)在與丈夫合住的房屋進行注冊，故答案為C。 18.A.Learning about local laws.B.Registering your home.C.Getting legal advice from a lawyer.D.Dona

51、ting the property.答案:D聽力原文 Which of the following is NOT Mrs. Mutwas recommendations? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，了解本地法律，與丈夫商議訂立遺囑，尋求律師幫助等都是受訪人給出的意見，故答案為D。 19.A.They tend to forget.B.It is easy to steal from them.C.Their husbands relatives always ask her to divide the things with them.D.Their husbands rela

52、tives always cheat her into dividing the things with them.答案:C聽力原文 Why do women always lose their things left by their husbands? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女性總是在丈夫去世后失去丈夫留下的遺產(chǎn)，因為丈夫的親屬總是要求女性分割這些財產(chǎn)，故答案為C。 20.A.Human kind are greedy.B.Women do not know what they deserve.C.It is an immoral era that we live in

53、.D.Their relatives take it for granted that they deserve some of the properties.答案:B聽力原文 What is the fundamental factor in property grapping for women? 本題設(shè)題點在對話問答處。根據(jù)聽力原文可知，女性不知道自己應該得到什么，有些女性想當然地認為丈夫的親屬有權(quán)力得到他的遺產(chǎn)，這是問題的關(guān)鍵，故答案為B。 (如需獲取本MP3聽力錄音請搜索標題名) 21.A.Demanding.B.Attractive.C.Effortless.D.Unhealthy

54、.答案:A聽力原文 M: Whatre you doing up so early, Amanda? Have you decided to take up jogging in the park like me? W: No, Mike. You know I really cant stand jogging. Ive joined a yoga class at our local fitness center. I hear its a great way to stay fit. Want to join me? M: No way! Yoga is for girls. To th

55、e best of my knowledge, most enthusiasts are women. Id rather do some weights or cardio at the gym than contort my body into painful postures. W: At the beginning, women go in for it mainly. But as its popularity grows, men are becoming more receptive to the idea. Come on, theres more to yoga than t

56、hat! Its perfect for physical and spiritual well-being. It also helps your body become more flexible. With a little background music, yoga helps you relax both physically and psychologically. M: No, thanks. I think all of this is just a moneymaking gimmick. Im telling you Amanda, dont buy into it! W: Mike, we just learn three new postures every day and do some meditation. My yoga guru is going to teach us about breathing today. Did you know that we dont even breathe properly any