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1、考研英語(yǔ)二(完形填空) - 試卷 4( 總分: 120.00 ,做題時(shí)間: 90分鐘 )一、 use of english( 總題數(shù):3,分?jǐn)?shù):120.00)1.section i use of englishdirections: read the following text. choose the best word(s) for eachnumbered blank and mark a, b, c or d. (分?jǐn)?shù): 40.00 )解析:crying and waking up in the middle of night are routine during any newbor

2、ns first few months.but if those crying episodes continue on a regular【 c1】 past the first year, then they maysignal possible behavioral problems【c2】 . thats what researchers in europe found whenthey 【 c3】 nearly two dozen studies on something developmental experts call regulatoryproblems which incl

3、ude trouble sleeping, continuous crying and difficulty feeding. theresearchers 【c4】 in the journal archives of disease in childhood that infants whoconsistently cry and wakeup at night past their third month are nearly twice as likely to 【 c5】 problemssuch as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

4、 (adhd), depression, anxiety,aggressive behavior or【 c6】 disorders by the time they begin school. the most【 c7】 behavioraldifficulties these children had involved【c8】 of self-control, and aninability to calm themselves down or act【 c9】 in different social situations. how exactlyare 【 c10】 crying jag

5、s and picky eating during infancy【 c11】 later behavioral problems?dieter wolke, one of the study co-authors and a professor of developmental psychology at universityof warwick in england, says the data donsupport any【 c12】 link, but there are severalpossibilities. one, the crying and waking up at ni

6、ght are simply the first signs of behavioralproblems that the babies can not【 c13】 themselves very well. every baby wakes up severaltimes a night and maystart crying,but most will eventually learn to calm themselves down and【c14】 backto sleep. they learn that enough is e-nough and inevitably【 c15】 t

7、hatmom and dad won come running every time they cry. if babies are already【c16】 to contractinga behavioral disorder,【 c17】 , they may not be able to learn such self-control, and theircrying episodes may continue well past their first year.【 c18】 , says wolke, some infantsmay be genetically susceptib

8、le to problems regulating their behavior; specifically, scientistshave recently identified a version of a【c19】 concerning dopamine function, which governsmood and emotions as well as motor function, that may make some infants more【c20】 tobehavioral problems. (分?jǐn)?shù): 40.00 )(1) . 【c1】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.agenda

9、b.schedulec.basis vd.interval解析:解析:文章第一句提封新生兒在頭幾個(gè)月里出現(xiàn)夜里啼哭和驚醒都是很平常的事。本句轉(zhuǎn)折,然后提出假設(shè),假如嬰兒過(guò)了第一年還在哭鬧,暗示可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)行為障礙。既然是可能出現(xiàn)行為問(wèn)題,此處應(yīng)指持續(xù)性的哭鬧,故選 c項(xiàng) basis 。 on a regular basis 為固定搭配,意為“經(jīng)常性的,有規(guī)律性的方式” 。(2) . 【c2】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.for the roadb.down the road vc.by the roadd.along the road解析:解析:本句說(shuō),如果夜里啼哭的經(jīng)歷經(jīng)過(guò)第一年后還在繼續(xù),就意味

10、著可能有行為障礙。這些可能表示“在將來(lái),今后。down the road 。down項(xiàng)b的事情應(yīng)該指的是將來(lái)可能發(fā)生的事,故選.(3) . 【c3】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.diagnosedb.analyzed vc.contrastedd.verified解析:解析:空格前的 they 指的是句首的 researchers( 研究員 ) ,從句的賓語(yǔ)為studies( 研究 ) 。研究員要做的事情應(yīng)該是分析各類研究,故選 b 項(xiàng) analyzed “分析” 。(4) . 【c4】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.provokeb.issuec.publishd.report v解析:解析:根據(jù)空格

11、后的 in the journal( 在雜志上 ) ,以及 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,可知要填入一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,并且此動(dòng)詞可以接賓語(yǔ)從句。故選 d項(xiàng)report “報(bào)告,匯報(bào)”。(5) . 【c5】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.resultb.cultivatec.develop vd.impose解析:解析:本句說(shuō),頭三個(gè)月過(guò)后還是經(jīng)常半夜醒來(lái)啼哭的嬰兒,出現(xiàn)各種問(wèn)題的可能性是其他嬰兒的兩倍。故選擇c項(xiàng)develop (開始)患(?。?;出現(xiàn)”。(6) . 【c6】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.conduct vb.confidencec.patienced.gene解析:解析:此處并列結(jié)構(gòu)列舉了各種問(wèn)

12、題:注意缺陷多動(dòng)癥、抑郁、焦慮、叛逆行為??梢酝茰y(cè),順承下來(lái)的問(wèn)題應(yīng)該也是行為上白缺陷。故選 a項(xiàng)conduct 行為。(7) . 【c7】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.accustomedb.common vc.normald.popular解析:解析:從本句中的定語(yǔ)these children had(孩子們有的)可知,下列行為障礙是這些孩子擁有的共性。故選 b項(xiàng) common共有的,普遍的”。(8) . 【c8】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.shortageb.lack vc.deficiencyd.need解析:解析:此處是列舉這些孩子最共有的一些行為障礙,空格后是self-control(

13、自控 )是正常的行為,故有障礙的行為就應(yīng)該是沒(méi)有自控。故選 b 項(xiàng) lack “缺乏” 。(9) . 【c9】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.improperlyb.appropriatelyvc.purposefullyd.peacefully解析:解析:空格前的 or 提示,空格處的詞組和 or 前面的“冷靜下來(lái)”在意義上并列,故選 b 項(xiàng) appropriately “恰當(dāng)?shù)亍?。表現(xiàn)恰當(dāng)與冷靜下來(lái),都是好的做法,而這些是有行為障礙的孩子沒(méi)能力做到的(inability to )。(10) .【c10】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.extended vb.unexpectedc.interrupted

14、d.disappointed解析:解析:上文提到嬰兒在一段時(shí)間后如果還是在夜間不斷啼哭或驚醒的話,他們今后可能存在行為障礙。那么,這些可能有行為障礙問(wèn)題的嬰兒的哭鬧時(shí)期比正常兒童更長(zhǎng),故選 a 項(xiàng) ex-tended “延續(xù)的;長(zhǎng)期的” 。(11) .【c11】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.responded tob.habituated toc.used tod.related to v解析:解析:本句承前討論哭鬧的表現(xiàn)與行為障礙的關(guān)系??崭袂暗摹皨雰簳r(shí)期的啼哭和挑食行為”和空格后的“以后的行為障礙”提示填入的動(dòng)詞要能使它們聯(lián)系起來(lái)。故選d項(xiàng)related to“使相互關(guān)聯(lián)”。(12) .【c12

15、】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.mutualb.consequentc.subtled.obvious v解析:解析:從后半句“但存在幾種可能性”可推測(cè),兩者之間的聯(lián)系不是很明顯,而空格前已有否定詞not ,故選 d項(xiàng) obvious “明顯的” 。(13) .【c13】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.control vb.behavec.understandd.express解析:解析:上文一直在講行為障礙,可知有行為障礙的嬰兒無(wú)法很好地控制自己。故選a 項(xiàng) control “控制” 。(14) .【c14】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.retrieveb.settle vc.returnd.seek解析:解析

16、:空格前的and衰明了前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的順承性??梢酝茰y(cè).嬰兒冷靜下來(lái)后,又繼續(xù)睡覺(jué)。故選 b項(xiàng)settle“平靜下來(lái)” 。(15) . 【c15】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.insist onb.persist inc.figure out vd.follow up解析:解析:空格前的and表明,填入的動(dòng)詞或詞組意思與learn(學(xué)會(huì))并列。故選c項(xiàng)figure out 弄明白。(16) . 【c16】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.freeb.infectiousc.immuned.prone v解析:解析:此處想表明的是如果嬰兒已經(jīng)有了行為障礙的傾向,就可能學(xué)不會(huì)自我控制。故答案為d項(xiàng)prone, b

17、e proneto 有傾向的”。(17) . 【c17】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.meanwhileb.thereforec.however vd.moreover解析: 解析: 上一句提到大都分嬰兒會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)讓自己冷靜下來(lái)然后入睡, 而這句提到有行為障礙的嬰兒卻學(xué)不會(huì)自我控制,前后有意思上的轉(zhuǎn)折。故選 c項(xiàng)however 然而。(18) . 【c18】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.in addition vb.on the contraryc.by contrastd.for instance解析:解析:上一段提到,wolke認(rèn)為嬰兒時(shí)期的長(zhǎng)期啼哭和挑食行為跟以后的行為障礙存在幾種可能聯(lián)系,并提出了其中

18、一種 (one) 半夜啼哭是行為障礙的早期跡象。本段提到基因的影響,也是可能性的一種,這是補(bǔ)充。故選 inaddition “此外” 。(19) . 【c19】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00)a.bloodb.organc.celld.gene v解析:解析:本句說(shuō)的是科學(xué)家最近識(shí)別出一種與多巴胺功能(dopamine function) 有關(guān)的什么。根據(jù)上文的genetically( 遺傳上)??芍茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西與遺傳有關(guān)。與遺傳有關(guān)的東西是基因,故選 d項(xiàng)gene “基因”。(20) . 【c20】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.attentiveb.carelessc.vulnerable vd.fra

19、gile解析:解析:本段第一個(gè)分句“有些嬰兒由于遺傳因素,在規(guī)范自己的行為方面更容易產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題” ,本空格所在分句應(yīng)該是具體說(shuō)明受到多巴胺影響的嬰兒更容易出現(xiàn)行為問(wèn)題,和句首呼應(yīng)。故選c項(xiàng)vulnerable “易受損害的” at least according to the latest findingscollege students are more stressed out than ever before of a large, national survey that has been conducted annually for the last 25 years. the sur

20、veyincludes more than 200,000 students 【c1】 nearly 300 colleges and asks them to【c2】 howtheir own mental health【 c3】 their classmates for example, is it above average or inthe highest 10%? this【c4】 unusual methodology typically results in the statistical lakewoebegon effect in which most people【 c5】

21、 to overestimate themselves in relation to others (it refers to the fictional lake woebegon, where all the women are strong, all the men arec6】 the most recent results indicate【 c7】 stress. so【 c8】 the increase in【c9】 college studentsc10】 to mental (and physical)good-looking and all the children are

22、 above average).that fewer and fewer freshmen feel like they are in top form in terms of whats going on? obviously, the economy and high unemployment might stress. a much more precise large study recently found that empathy had declined 40% since 2000 and since caring relationships are health, a dec

23、line in empathy could also produce a decline in mental health and coping. my final point brings us back to my earlier post on a stanford study that looked at the psychological【c11】 of comparing ourselves to others. it found that the way people are incline to 【c12】 theirnegative emotions while broadc

24、asting their happy ones makes the rest of us feel somehow 汜激?桴渭一【c1? all our friends and neighbors have better lives than we【c14 this 【 c15】 , too, might tie into why the new survey, the american freshman: national norms,fall 2011, found that students are feeling less【c16】 about their level of emoti

25、onal andmental stability. if all the students around you are desperately trying to【c17】 a happyface and you 【 c18】 that face as a true reflection of their【 c19】 selves, even asyou work to hide your own【 c20】 well, its not surprising that so many students mightbe getting a bit strained.(分?jǐn)?shù):40.00 )(1)

26、. 【c1】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.possessing b.attending v c.participating d.joining 解析:解析:b項(xiàng)attending “參加”是正式用詞,可指參加會(huì)議、儀式,也可指上學(xué),故為答案。 (2). 【c2】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.estimateb.appraisec.rate vd.presume解析:解析:根據(jù)本段末句“是高于平均水平還是屬于前10%”,可知是對(duì)人進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),故選 c項(xiàng)。rate “評(píng)價(jià)”常用于評(píng)價(jià)某人在某一方面的價(jià)值。(3) . 【c3】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.compete withb.compare with vc

27、.match withd.fit with解析: 解析: 根據(jù)本段末句 “是高于平均水平還是屬于前10%” , 說(shuō)明有對(duì)比、 比較的意思, 也就是與別的同學(xué)在作比較。故選b預(yù)compare with 與相比較”。(4) . 【c4】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.anyhowb.somewherec.somehowd.somewhat v解析:解析:此處的副詞用來(lái)修飾形容詞unusual(不尋常的),故要選擇一個(gè)表示程度的副詞。選d項(xiàng)somewhat頗為, 有幾分” 。(5) . 【c5】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.wantb.refusec.tend vd.deny解析:解析:根據(jù)括號(hào)里的解釋,在虛

28、構(gòu)的沃博艮湖, “所有的女性都很強(qiáng)壯,所有的男性都很英俊所有的孩子都高于平均水平,可見(jiàn)人們往往高估自己,故選 c項(xiàng)tend。tend to 傾向于。(6) . 【c6】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.but vb.andc.ifd.hence解析:解析:上文說(shuō)人們通常高估自己,而下文卻說(shuō)越來(lái)越少的新生覺(jué)得自己 are in top form( 狀態(tài)良好 ) ,因此前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選a項(xiàng)but “但是”。(7) . 【c7】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.copingb.dealingc.tackling vd.disposing解析:解析:填入的詞表示如何應(yīng)對(duì)壓力。選項(xiàng)中可以直接搭配 stress的只有c

29、項(xiàng)tackling處理.應(yīng)付。(8) . 【c8】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.account for vb.result fromc.bring downd.take over解析:解析:空格前的“低迷的經(jīng)濟(jì)和高失業(yè)率”是原因,空格后的“壓力增加”是結(jié)果,故選 a 項(xiàng) account for “說(shuō)明原因:導(dǎo)致”。(9) . 【c9】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.withb.byc.among vd.on解析:解析:空格前的empathy意為共鳴,移情作用,空格后為college students(大學(xué)生)。共鳴是在大學(xué)生之間產(chǎn)生的,故選c項(xiàng)among在之間。(10) . 【c10】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00

30、)a.goodb.obligedc.meaningfuld.essential v解析:解析:根據(jù)常識(shí),關(guān)愛(ài)對(duì)于人的心理和生理都是很重要的,且下文說(shuō)共鳴方面的下降也會(huì)引起心理健康方面的下降。 d 項(xiàng) essential “必要的”正確。(11) . 【c11】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.issuesb.effects vc.effortsd.efficiencies解析:解析:根據(jù)空格后的 comparing ourselves to others( 把自己與其他人相比較 ) ,可以聯(lián)系到第二段沃博艮湖效應(yīng):大多數(shù)人跟別人相比時(shí)會(huì)高估自己。這其實(shí)是一種心理效應(yīng)。故此處應(yīng)選 b 項(xiàng) effects

31、 ,指某種行為、步驟、事件等直接產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或效果。(12) . 【c12】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.conceal vb.revealc.screend.neglect解析:解析:句中有表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞while ,而 while 后是 broadcast 一詞,可推斷出 while 之前應(yīng)填的是與broadcast意思相反的詞。因此答案為 a 項(xiàng) coneal ,表示“有目的地躲藏,隱藏” ,強(qiáng)調(diào)故意。人們隱藏自己的負(fù)面情感。是有意為之的。(13) . 【c13】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.even ifvb.as thoughc.even thoughd.if only解析:解析:上文提到,人們?cè)谏⒉ビ淇烨楦袝r(shí)喜歡負(fù)面情感,這讓我們其余的人感覺(jué)多少有點(diǎn)“自愧弗如”。按照正常的心理狀態(tài),我們會(huì)以為所有的朋友和鄰居都過(guò)得比我們好,但實(shí)際上未必如此。 b 項(xiàng) as though “好像”符合句意。(14) . 【c14】 (分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )a.haveb.

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