牛津深圳版英語八年級下冊unit 1《helping those in need》基礎優(yōu)秀教案(重點資料).doc

1、unit1helpingthoseinneedgettingready1.raisev.籌募raisemoney意為“募集錢款”。thestudentsareraisingmoneyforthepeoplewholosthomesintheearthquake.v.增加；提高howcanweraiseenglishlevelsinashorttime?提高英語水平【提示】raise是一個及物動詞，后可直接跟賓語。其常見的釋義和用法還有：(1)使上升；使升起：wecanseesoldiersraisethenationalflagontiananmensquareeverymorning.(2)

2、提及；提起：thebookraisesmanyquestionsforreaderstothinkabout(3)撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；培養(yǎng)：fatherraisedthefamily.(4)飼養(yǎng)；喂養(yǎng)：iwanttoraiseadogasmypet【辨析】raise與riseraise，及物動詞，“使上升；使升起”。一般指日常生活中的事物上升。如：舉起了杯子、提高了租金.rise，不及物動詞,(rise-rose-risen)。說明一些自然現象的升起。如：日、月、云、霧、煙、蒸汽、河水、溫度、物價以及人的職位等.【小試】i.用上述動詞的正確形式完成下列句子。（1）.he_hisheadtolookat

3、me.（2）.thepeopleslivingstandardhasgreatlybeen_.（3）.hertemperatureisstill_.ii.從a、b、c、d四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。（1）.thepricesare_fastthesedays.nobodycangetthepricesdown.a.goingdownb.rising1c.raisingd.broughtdown.（2）.theyve_upto20,000yuanforthehopeproject.a.roseb.raisec.raisedd.risen2.permissionn.準許；批準不可數名

4、詞jimtookthelaptopwithoutpermission.askpermission意為“報請批準”。如：howmanytimeshaveiremindedyouthatyouneedtoaskpermissionfirst?我們可以用askpermissiontodosth表示“征得同意做某事如：sheaskedpermissiontoleaveworkearlybecauseherdaughterwasill.givesb.permissiontodosth意為“允許某人做某事”，與allowsb.todosomething意思相近。giveyourselfpermission

5、totakeabreak,evenalittleone【鏈接】permitv.允許；準許；使有可能wehopetovisittheschooliftimepermits如果時間允許3.helpingthoseinneed幫助那些有困難的人inneed意為“有困難的”，常位于名詞后作后置定語。如：wearecollectingmoneyforfamiliesinneed.afriendinneedisafriendindeed（諺語）患難中的朋友才是真正的朋友。我們用inneedof表示“需要”。如：thebuildingisinneedofrepair4.readthreestudentsre

6、portsontheirvoluntarywork.voluntarywork意為“義務性工作”。如：inhersparetimeshedoesvoluntarywork她在業(yè)余時間做義工。voluntary為形容詞，意為“志愿的；無償的”。名詞形式為volunteer，意為“志愿者”。5.seriousadj.嚴重的hehasaseriousillness.thereisnothingserious.everyoneknowshowseriousthedangeris大家都明白情況有多危險。2【提示】serious還有如下的常見含義及用法：(1)認真的：heisaseriousstudent

7、andworksveryhard.認真(2)嚴肅的：beserious,john!dontmakefunofme.嚴肅點，約翰！別拿我開玩笑。【鏈接】seriouslyadv.嚴重地heisseriouslyill他病得很重。6.illnessn.（某種）病,是可數名詞,復數形式為illnesses.hediedofaseriousillness他死于重病?！颈嫖觥縮ick與ill作表語生病的，惡心的hiswifewassickinbedwithacold.sickill作定語作表語生病的生病的ihelpedsickchildren.san

8、izev.組織；籌備intheend,wealldecidedtoorganizeaconcertforeaster復活節(jié)【鏈接】organizationn.組織organizern.組織者8.painn.痛苦；苦惱thedeathofhisfathergavehimgreatpain父親的死使他很痛苦。hisunkindwordscausedhermuchpain他說話很刻薄，弄得她很難受。(諺語)nopains,nogains.沒有付出，就沒有收獲。【鏈接】painn（身體上的）疼痛painfuladj.痛苦的；苦惱的9.lonelyadj.孤獨的；寂寞的thedarknessmakesm

9、efeelsolonely.夜色讓我如此孤寂。【比較】lonely與alone“副詞。獨自地；單獨地”，側重于說形容詞。一般與be動詞連用，明獨自一人，沒有同伴或助手，指的在句中作表語。sheisaloneatalone是客觀情況。homeiliketoworkalonelonely表語。表示“孤獨的；寂寞的”之意，定語。lonely用作定語時，意為3lonelier帶有濃厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得“無人煙的；荒涼的；偏僻的”loneliest到同伴”的意思。thatsalonelyislandineverfeellonelywheniamwithmyfriends.iwasalonebuti

10、didntfeellonely(江蘇無錫中考)thoughhisgrandmotherlives_,sheneverfeels_.a.alone;aloneb.lonely;lonelyc.alone;lonelyd.lonely;alone10.peacen.平靜;寧靜ihopetofindalittlepeaceofmind.我渴望找尋到一絲內心的平靜。everythingwasatpeacehere.在這里，一切都很平靜?！炬溄印縫eacefuladj.平靜的；和平的peacefullyadv.平靜地;和平地11.hurtv.(hurt，hurt)（使）疼痛；受傷jackhurthims

11、elfwhilehewastryingtoescapefromthepolicehehurthisbackinanaccident【提示】動詞hurt還有以下一些常見的釋義和用法：(1)（身體某部位）感到疼痛：myeyeshurt.(2)傷害（感情）；使傷心：heisafraidofhurtingbettysfeelings.languagepoints1.achildwithoutparents意為“孤兒”，相當于orphan。它是一個介詞短語作后置定語的結構，即withoutparents作定語修飾名詞child。類似的結構還有thedogsindanger有危險的狗familieswit

12、honlyonechild獨生子女家庭2.threeteenagersofferedtodosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholidays.offertodosomething意為“主動提出做某事”。如：nickofferedtohelpjackwithhismathshomework.offer的主要用法有：4offersth提出某事iofferedagoodplanforourholiday.offertodosth（主動）提出做某事tomofferedtodriveustothebusstation.offersb.sth=offersth（主動）給某人

13、提供weshouldofferothersourhelp.tosb.某物3.thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillnesses.那里的孩子都遭受著重病的折磨。sufferv.（因疾病等）受苦；受折磨shesufferedgreatlyasachild.她童年深受苦難。sufferfrom意為“因受苦；受折磨”。如：manyteenagersaresufferingfromtheputergames.hischildissufferingfromabadcold.thiscountryoftensuffersfromfloodsanddrought.4.i

14、metagirlcalledcindy.句中calledcindy是過去分詞短語作后置定語,修飾agirl,意為“名叫辛迪的”.called也可用named來代替。thekingshaveadaughtercalled/namedjessica(姓金一家)【拓展】作定語是過去分詞的用法之一，過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾詞的后面。ilikethesongssungbyliuhuan過去分詞（短語）作定語相當于一個定語從句。ilikethebookswrittenbyluxun.=ilikethebooksthatwerewrittenbyluxun.(蘭州中考)-whatareonshowin

15、themuseum?-somephotos_bythechildrenofyushu,qinghai.5a.havebeentakenb.weretakenc.aretakend.taken5.thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.這有助于他們表達自己的情感。expressv.表達；表露heexpressedtoushisideasaboutthenewteacher他向我們表達了他對新老師的看法。【提示】當express表示“表達；表露”之意時，通常不接雙賓語。如：他對她表示了他的謝意。()heexpressedherhisthanks.()heexpresse

16、dhisthankstoher.【鏈接】expressionn.表達;表情expressonesfeelings意為“表達某人的情感；抒發(fā)某人的感情”。如：mothersdaygivespeopleachancetoexpresstheirfeelingstowardtheirmum6.wespenttimewithagirlcalledvivien.spendtimewith意為“與共度；陪伴”。如：whileinhawaii，mr.hillspenttimewithhiswifeispenttimewithmysonandtalkedtohimalot【拓展】【拓展】spend還可以表示“

17、花費”。howmuchmoney如youspendeachweek?你每星期花多少錢？常見搭配：sb.+spend(s)+money/time+(in)doingsth某人花費金錢時間做某事sb.十spend(s)+money/time+onsth某人在某事某物上花費金錢時間theyspendalotoftimewatchingtveveryday.hedoesntspendmuchmoneyonfood.(2013山東濰坊)-doyouoftengetonline?-yes.i_lotsoftimeonit.itsagoodwaytokilltime.a.costb.spendc.taked

18、.use7.sheneedsfriendship.need此處用作實義動詞，意為“需要”，可構成needsth;needtodosth。6theydontneedanyhelp.heneedstohaveagoodrest.而needdoingsth,表示被動意義。theseflowersneedwatering.【拓展】need作情態(tài)動詞時,無人稱和數的變化,后接動詞原形,主要用于否定句和疑問句中。youneedntbeeverynervous.-mustibringmyhomeworknow?-no,youneednt.youcanbringittomorrow.(no,youneednt

19、.=no,youdonthaveto.不，不必。)8.mymotherandiwillcontinuetovisitvivien.continuetodosth意為“繼續(xù)做某事”。如：afterreadinglesson9,hecontinuedtoreadlesson10thoughpeterisverybusy,hewillcontinuetohelpchildrenatthelocalhospital.9.theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.difficultyn.困難；費勁difficultydifficult不可數名詞困難；費勁ihadnodiffic

20、ulty(in)learningenglish可數名詞表示具體的困infaceofsomanydifficulties，wewereadj.困難的難，意為“難事；難點；neverafraid困境；難處”havedifficulty(in)doingsomething表示“做某事有困難”。如：thestudentshavedifficulty(in)understandingthesentence.若后接名詞，則常用havedifficultywithsth的結構。如：somestudentsinthisclasshavedifficultywithenglishpronunciation【拓展

21、】類似的結構還有：havetrouble(in)doingsth做某事有麻煩haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有問題havefun(in)doingsth做某事有樂趣7(2013山東聊城)-ihavegreat_infinishingtheworkbymyself.couldyouhelpme?-noproblem.a.funb.successc.adviced.difficulty10.apersonwithcourageisusuallynotafraidofsomethingdangerousordifficult.beafraidof意為“害怕，不敢”后可接名詞、代

22、詞或動名詞。sheisafraidofsnakes.iwasafraidofgoingthroughthewoods【拓展】beafraid還可按不定式結構，即beafraidtodosth.，意為“害怕做某事”。heisafraidtogooutatnight.beafraid還可以接that從句，表示“擔心害怕”hewasafraidthathewouldlose.imafraid可翻譯成“恐怕”，屬于口語中的委婉用語，表示遺憾、惋惜、判斷或表示因不愿做某事面顯得語氣緩和些，其否定形式為imafraid.not.imafraidthaticanthelpyou.我恐怕不能幫助你。運用前綴(

23、prefixes)猜詞義（1）.大多數形容詞前加un-happyunhappyluckyunluckyfortunateunfortunatefairunfairimportantunimportanthealthyunhealthypreparedunprepared（2）.以c-,e-開頭的形容詞，多加in-：correctincorrectexpensiveinexpensivedefiniteindefinite（3）.以p開頭的形容詞，多加im-：possibleimpossiblepoliteimpolite8（4）.以r-開頭的形容詞，多加ir-：regularirregular

24、（5）.有些形容詞加dis-：honestdishonest【拓展】含有加前綴構成的反義形容詞的句子不屬于否定句。在改為反t意疑問句時，附加問句部分仍用否定形式。heisunhappytoday,isnhe?課堂練習i.用新單詞完成下面的句子。如有必要,須改變單詞的形式。1.ihopethatourschoolwill_moreoutingsinthefuture.2.wehavebeenfriendsfornearlytenyears.ihopeour_willlastforever.3.thedoctorsaidtowilliamsmother,itisnta_illness.givehi

25、menoughwatertodrinkandsoonhewillfeelbetter.4.wemustntlaughatthe_andweshouldtryourbesttohelpthem.5.themanagersaidtoallthestaffmembers,iwill_allyoursalarybecauseyouallhavedoneagoodjob.6.youhavehelpedmewiththeprojectsomuch.idontknowhowto_mythanks.7.idontthinkihaveany_inworkingouttheproblem.itssoeasy.8.

26、youshouldnttouchthemachineswithoutmy_.9.ifyouwanttomakeapublicspeech,youneednotonlygoodenglishbutalso_.thatistosay,youshouldbebrave.10.itwasraininghardwhenilefttheoffice.mr.smith,myboss,_mearideinhiscarhome.ii.選擇適當的詞組完成下列句子。如有必要，須改變形式。每個詞組僅使用一次。9askpermissionraisemoneyinneedvoluntaryworkoffertosuffe

27、rfromspendtimewithcontinuetohavedifficultyraiseonesspirits1.mygrandfatherhas_aseriousheartdiseaseforalongtime.2.myfriend_drivemetotheairportbecauseitwasraininghardandicouldntfindataxi.3.thestudents_pletingtheproject.somostofthemaskedtheirparentsforhelp.4.ithinkyouneedto_beforeyouusewendysputer.5.wes

28、houldusethemoneytohelpthosepeople_.6.idontwanttogotoparisforsuchashortholiday.idratherstayathomeand_mykids.7.cheerup,simon!drinkacupofcoffeenowanditmay_.8.thestudentsatmayfieldschoolwill_forthechildreninafricanextweek.9.nowadays,moreandmoreteenagerstakepartin_tohelppeopletheydontknowatall.10.afterju

29、dypletedhermathshomework,she_domorephysicsexercises.iii.readingprehensiondearkitty,iamsorrythatididnotwritetoyouearlier.iwashelpingwithacharityshowbecauseiwantedtoraisemoneyforprojectgreenhope.ifeltveryhappywhentheorganizerschosemetobethehost.itwasexcitingbutiwasalsoverynervousbecauseofthetvcameras.

30、iknewthatlotsofpeoplewouldwatchtheshowandmanyfamouspopstarswouldetoo.10westartedworkingontheshowtwomonthsago.itwasmyjobtointroduceeachstar.ihadmanyotherdutiestoo.itwashardworkbutiwashappy.wepracticedalotbeforetheshow.ihadtoremembertolookattherightcameraattherighttime.atthebeginningithoughtitwouldbed

31、ifficult.slowly,everythingbecamealittlebiteasier.thebigdaycameveryfastandsuddenlyitwasthenightbeforethebigevent.icouldntsleepallnightbecauseiwassoexcited.twentyminutesbeforetheshow,thedoorsopenedandmanypeoplecameintotheitheatre.“notimetobenervousanymore.thisisit.”toldmyself.alotofpeoplecametotheshow

32、.thefansofthepopstarsweremakingalotofnoise.ihadtospeakloudlybecauseofthenoise.everythingseemedtobehappensofastandnowitisallover.manypeopledonatedmoneytoprojectgreenhope.ihopewecanhavemoreeventslikethistoraisemoneyforcharities.ihopetoseeyousoon.rickyf（1）.判斷下列句子是否符合短文內容。符合的用“t”表示，不符合的用“”表示。()1.thetvca

33、merasmaderickyfeelnervous.()2.rickystartedworkingontheshowthreemonthsago.()3.itwasrickysjobtotalktoeachstar.()4.rickyhadalotofthingstodo.()5.thedoorsclosedtwentyminutesbeforetheshow.()6.manypeoplegavemoneytoprojectgreenhope.()7.rickyhopestherewillbemorecharityshows.（2）.根據短文內容，將左右兩欄中的句子正確配對。()1.rickyhelpedwiththecharityshowa.hewantedtohelpraise11moneyforprojectbecausegreenhope.()2.theorganizerschoserickytobetheb.theystartedworkingonittwomonthsago.hostoftheshowa