牛津高中英語(yǔ)模塊六Unit1-4語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)

1、 牛津高中英語(yǔ)模塊六語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)unit 1laughter is good for you一、 reading1. stand up for sth: 支持，維護(hù) we should strive to stand up for our right.2. stage: n. 舞臺(tái)，階段，時(shí)期be on the stage: 在舞臺(tái)上；當(dāng)演員，登臺(tái)表演go on the stage: 上舞臺(tái)，當(dāng)演員on stage: 在舞臺(tái)上at a early stage: 在早期 one minute on the stage and ten years of practice off the stage. s

2、he wanted to go on the stage from an early age.他從小就相當(dāng)演員。 we watched them from afar, and admired them only on screen and on stage.我們遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的注視他們，只能通過(guò)熒屏或舞臺(tái)欽慕他們的風(fēng)采。 the babies develop quickly at an early stage.3. variety: n. (1) 變化，多樣性 ua life lacking variety.(2) 種類(lèi)，各種各樣a variety of sth:各種各樣的varieties of st

3、h: he left for a variety of reasons. in the green grocers the varieties of goods in this supermarket are rich.4. behave well / badly: 行為表現(xiàn)好壞 there are varieties of 菜 greens 市場(chǎng)里.有各種各樣的蔬菜。behave oneself: 行為表現(xiàn)好 he behaves badly all the time. children, please behave yourself.5. tease sb / make fun of sb

4、: 取笑，嘲弄don ttake what he said seriously, she is just teasing you.6. trip over sth: 被 絆倒別拿他的話(huà)當(dāng)真，他只是在取笑你。trip sth (up): 絆倒 she tripped over a cat and fell down. he tried to trip me but in vain.7. get one s start: 掙得第一桶金howl with laughter: 哈哈大笑he got his start in the business and howled with laughter.8

5、. have affection for sth: 喜愛(ài)，鐘愛(ài)he has great affection for his work.9. later on: 后來(lái)，過(guò)些時(shí)候10. such: adj. 那樣的，這樣的，如此的such 與數(shù)詞或不定代詞 any ， some ， all ， no 等連用時(shí)放在它們之后；與不定冠詞連用時(shí)，放在不定代詞之前。例如： there is no such thing as a free lunch. you gave me such a flight.11. live: adj. & adv. 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的地1- a live program. the c

6、oncert was broadcast live on tv. he looks well over 40. 他看上去遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地超過(guò) 40 歲。二、 word power有關(guān)笑的諺語(yǔ)1. laugh one s head off: 大笑不止2. smile on sb: 有利于，垂青，帶來(lái)好運(yùn)笑到最后，笑得最好1. participate in sth: 參加，參與 participation: pa: ?tisi pei?n n. u 參加，參與 (in)participant: pa: ?tisi p?nt n. 參加者，參與者 the whole class are participati

7、ng the discussion. we want more participation in the decision-making process.2. drive sb away: 趕跑 drive (sb) off: 駕車(chē)離開(kāi)；趕走擊退drive sth up: 迫使 上漲 your anger will drive him away. after the accident, the other car drove off. we keep dogs in the yard to drop off the intruders(非法闖入者 ).guarantee to do sth:

8、保證做 .guarantee that: 保證 .guarantee sb sth: 保證某人 guarantee your safety / your debt. 保證你的安全 擔(dān)保你的債務(wù) we guarantee to deliver the package within one week. these days getting a degree( 學(xué)位 ) will guarantee you a good job. the radio is guaranteed for a year. 收音機(jī)保修一年。(2) n. 保修單期；保證；擔(dān)保（物）there is no guarantee

9、 that: 無(wú)法保證 不一定 there is no guarantee that it will be a nice weather tomorrow.4. instruct: vt. 命令，指示；傳授，告知instruction: n. 命令，指示；傳授，使用說(shuō)明instructive: adj. 有教育意義的，啟發(fā)性的instruct sb to do sth: 命令指示某人做 instruct sb in sth: 傳授某人 instruct (sb) that: 告知某人 i have instructed him to keep the door locked.2- all ou

10、r staff have been instructed in sign language. we are instructed by our client that you owe them ?300.我們所有的員工都被教授了手語(yǔ)。我們的委托人通知我們說(shuō)你欠他們300 英鎊。5. take on sb / sth: 雇傭；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān) takeon some staff. 雇傭一些員工 take on apuzzled look. 呈現(xiàn)困惑的神色take on a challenging task. 承擔(dān)挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)6. move on to (doing) sth: 開(kāi)始做 ；換話(huà)題can

11、we move on to a new topic?7. polish: n. (1) 上光劑，鞋油 (2) 優(yōu)雅 (3) 磨光，擦亮 c you should use wax polish on wooden furniture.你應(yīng)該在木制家具上打上蠟。四年的大學(xué)給了她更多的優(yōu)雅。 four years of college gave her considerable polish. give your shoes a polish. 把你的鞋子擦一下。 vt. polish sth (up) : 磨光，擦亮 polish sth up: 改善提高 polish sth off: 迅速做完

12、 polish (up) the table. will you polish up this article a bit before we send it to the printer?在這篇文章付印以前，請(qǐng)把它修改一下好嗎？ we can polish the job off with the help of the new computer.四、 project1. as if 從句省略如果 as if 引導(dǎo)的從句和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，同時(shí)從句中含有動(dòng)詞。剩余部分為名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞或不定式等。據(jù)上下文判斷。例如：be 的適當(dāng)形式，可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)和as if 引導(dǎo)的從句是否為

13、虛擬語(yǔ)氣，要根be he behaved as if (he was) a fool. the old man lay there as if (he was) dead. ruby( 魯比 ) glanced about as if (she was) in search of something. john paused as if (he was ) expecting mary to speak. they opened their eyes wide as (they were) shocked by the sudden appearance of the lost boy. th

14、e man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the rightdirection. （ 2003 ，北京春）a. seeingb. having seenc. to have seend. to see答案為 d。2. (page 14, line 21) mind if i sit down?這是個(gè)省略句，完整的句子為 would you mind if i sit down?3. please do: 好吧，請(qǐng)吧。 would you mind my opening the do

15、or? _.a. yes, open itb. no, you wouldn tc. no, go aheadd. yes, please do(答案為 c)4. make room for sth: 為 騰出地方please put away these books and make room for the piano.5. dash: vi. 急奔，猛沖n. 急奔，猛沖；短跑；破折號(hào)dash sth off: 匆忙完成 an ambulance dashed to the scene of the accident.救護(hù)車(chē)風(fēng)馳電掣地趕往事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。 she dashed off a let

16、ter to her mother.她給母親匆匆寫(xiě)了一封信。3- he made a dash for the bus. 他猛沖過(guò)去追趕汽車(chē)。 he finished first in the 100-meter dash. 他在 100 米短跑中得了第一名。6. tear: (tore, torn) vt. 撕，扯tear sth to pieces:把, 撕成碎片tear sth apart:tear sth open: 撕拆開(kāi) the contract( 合同 ) lay on the ground, torn to pieces. he torn the letter open and

17、 found a bill of 50 yuan.7. burst: (burst, burst)(1) vi. 猛沖；突然出現(xiàn)；爆裂burst in: 突然闖入burst into sth:突然 起來(lái)burst out doing: burst into tears / burst out crying: 突然大哭起來(lái) burst into laughter / burst out laughing: burst into flames: 突然起火突然大笑起來(lái)(2) n. 突發(fā)，迸發(fā)；爆炸；裂口a burst in the water pipea sudden burst of danger

18、: 怒火的迸發(fā)unit 2 what is happiness to you一、 reading1. be surrounded by / with sth: 被 包圍環(huán)繞surrounding: adj. ( 作定語(yǔ) ) 附近的，周?chē)膕urroundings: n. 環(huán)境，周?chē)氖挛?the house was surrounded by high walls and green trees. the surrounding area is known for its beautiful views. animals in zoos are not in their natural sur

19、roundings.動(dòng)物園中的動(dòng)物沒(méi)有自然環(huán)境。2. times: n. 時(shí)代，時(shí)期，日子in modern times:在現(xiàn)代times are hard for me. 我的日子很難。3. by: 到 時(shí)間為止by + 現(xiàn)在時(shí)間 , 主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)by + 過(guò)去時(shí)間 , 主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)by + 將來(lái)時(shí)間 , 主句用將來(lái)完成時(shí) by this week, we have accomplished 2 projects. by the time he realized his view was wrong, he had nearly finished his essay. he will

20、 have been in the army for 10 years by next june.4. apart: adj. & adv.(1) ( 時(shí)間、空間上 )相隔，相距 the two houses stand 500m apart. the birthday is only 3 days apart.(2) 分離（的）；分開(kāi)（的）；破裂（的）tell sth apart: 區(qū)分開(kāi) fall apart: vi. 崩潰，瓦解，散架live apart from sb: 與 分開(kāi)住4- i can t tell the twins apart. when his wife left h

21、im, his world just fall apart. we are living apart from our parents.5. apart from sth: (1) (=except) 除 以外 (2) (=besides) 除 以外也 all the articles are good apart from this one. apart from their houses in london, they also have a villa(別墅 ) in spain.6. cost sb sth: 使某人付出 the meal cost me 10 dollars. the

22、 scandal( 丑聞 ) cost the girl her career.7. rush sb to sth: 把 急送 in a rush: 匆忙地 the patient was rushed to the airport by the ambulance. those words came out in a rush.8. spirits: n. 精神，情緒，心境in high spirits:情緒高昂情緒低落in low / poor spirits:the achievements put us in high spirits.9. appreciation: n. u (1)

23、 感激 (2) 欣賞；鑒定(3) 理解in appreciation of sth: 以感激 he showed his appreciation for our work. please accept this gift in appreciation of your help. she showed little appreciation of good music.她感受不到美好音樂(lè)的好處。10. cry over / about sth: 因?yàn)?哭泣c(diǎn)ry over spilt milk: 作于事無(wú)補(bǔ)的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。 as the saying goes, “it s no use cryin

24、gerovspilt milk ”. it s stupid to cry over something unimportant.11. adapt: v. 適應(yīng)；改編adaptation: , ?d?p te?n n. 適應(yīng)，改編（本）adapt to sth: 適應(yīng) adapt oneself to sth: 使某人（自己）適應(yīng) adapt a script. 改編劇本 our eyes soon adapted to the dark. she adapted herself to the climate.我們的眼睛慢慢地適應(yīng)了黑暗。12. go after sth: 追趕；追求，謀求

25、he went after the burglars. 他追趕那些盜賊。 he goes after every woman he meets. we are both going after the same job.我們倆都謀求得到這份工作。13. heart and soul: adv. 全心全意地we must serve the people heart and soul.14. advocate: vt. 主張，提倡；擁護(hù)advocate (doing) sth:advocate that: do you advocate banning cars in the city cent

26、er?5- 二、 grammar1. accompany: vt. (1) 陪伴，陪同 (2) 為 伴奏accompaniment: ?k?mp?nim?nt n. (1)伴奏 (2) 伴隨物，配料accompanist: ?k?mp?nist n. 伴奏者accompany sb / keep sb company: 陪伴 to the accompaniment of sb: accompanied by his mother, the boy visited many places of interests.在 伴奏下這位歌唱家由他妹妹鋼琴伴奏。她在一片歡呼聲中離開(kāi)了舞臺(tái)。3. to o

27、ne s relief: 使 .寬慰的是to our great relief, the children all arrived home safely. it s getting late; wed better turn and make for 天 home 晚了.，我們最好折回家把。 i will leave for the airport this afternoon.5. feel caught between sth: 在 之間感到左右為難i felt caught between further study and looking for a job when graduat

28、ing from university.6. it feels like + 從句 : 似乎，感覺(jué)好像 we just met a couple of days ago, but it feels like we have known each other for a lifetime.我們幾天前才認(rèn)識(shí)，但感覺(jué)好像認(rèn)識(shí)了很久。7. quit: (quit, quit / quitted, quitted) vt. & vi.辭去；停止，離開(kāi)quit doing sth: 停止做 quit school: 輟學(xué)quit one s job: 辭職quit smoking:戒煙 he got hi

29、s present job when he quit / quitted the army.他退伍后得到現(xiàn)在這份工作。 if i don t get a pay ,riseiwill quit.三、 project1. ahead of sth: (1) 在 前面 (2)比 先進(jìn)，領(lǐng)先 directly ahead of us is the royal palace.我們正前方就是皇宮。 she was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)領(lǐng)先班級(jí)的其他人。2. at this point: 在這時(shí)，在這一點(diǎn)at that point:

30、在那時(shí)，在那一點(diǎn) do you have any questions at this point? at that point the road dips into a valley. 在那一點(diǎn)，那條路直向山谷伸展。3. (page 30, line 10) all i had to do was go to school.主語(yǔ)部分含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do 的適當(dāng)形式，作表語(yǔ)的不定式常常省略to.what she wants to do is (to) go home and have a good rest.4. feel like sth: 摸起來(lái)像 . ；感覺(jué)像是 feel like doin

31、g sth: 想要做 feel like + 從句 : 感覺(jué)好像 (like 此時(shí)等于 as if 或 as though) this kind of cloth feels like silk. i don t feel like cooking, let我 seat 不想 out 做飯.，我們出去吃吧。 i feel like i am going to be sick. 我覺(jué)得我好想要病了。 if felt like a great weight had been lifted from us. 我們?nèi)玑屩刎?fù)。5. (page 31, lines 8- 10) humans will h

32、ave leant to fix many of the problems6- (1) will have done: 將會(huì)做過(guò) . (將來(lái)完成時(shí) )we will have taken 5 exams by next friday.(2) fix / solve sth: 解決 fix a problem.陪伴，和他人在一起6. company: n. ukeep sb company / accompany sb: 陪伴某人enjoy one s company: 享受 的陪伴；喜歡和 在一起in company with sb: i ll stay here and keep you c

33、ompany. 我留下來(lái)陪你。和 一起 i enjoy his company when i am have free time.我閑時(shí)喜歡和他在一起。 tom, in company with many others, feel this decision was wrong.湯姆，還有許多人，都認(rèn)為這個(gè)決定是錯(cuò)誤的。一、 reading1. hug: vt. (hugged; hugging) 擁抱n. 擁抱 give sb a hug = hug sb jane threw her arms and hugged him tight. paul gave me a hug and smi

34、led.2. cultural differences: 文化差異cultural shock: 文化沖突3. ensure sth / that 從句 : 確保，保證 ensure sb sth: 保證某人 thi s medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.4. prohibit: vt. (prohibited; prohibiting) 禁止prohibit sb from doing sth:forbid sb from doing sth:禁止某人做 forbid sb to do sth:ban sb from doing sth

35、: prohibition: ,pr ?uhi?bi?n n. (1) u 禁止，阻止(2) c 禁令，禁律 the law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.法律禁止煙販向兒童出售香煙。 he was forbidden to talk to her. she has been banned from driving for six months. they voted in favor of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他們投票贊成禁止在公共場(chǎng)合抽煙

36、。 a prohibition against the sale of firearms.禁止出售火器的禁令。5. adjust: vt. & vi. 適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣；調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)adjust to (doing) sth: 適應(yīng)習(xí)慣 adjust sth to sth: 調(diào)整 以適應(yīng) adjust oneself to sth: 使某人自己適應(yīng) it took her a long time to adjust to living alone. this kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.這種書(shū)桌的高度可以按照你的要求調(diào)節(jié)。他很

37、快使自己適應(yīng)了這個(gè)國(guó)家的炎熱。 he adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.6. be accustomed to sth: 習(xí)慣于 accustomed to the city life, the young man has made great progress in his career.7- 7. alike: adj. ( 不用于名詞前 ) 相像的，相同的look alike:在很多方面，他和她妹妹很像?？瓷先ハ嗨芶dv. 一樣地，相似地 he and his sister are alike / look

38、alike in many ways. they tried to treat the children alike.8. set off fireworks: 燃放煙火9. celebration: n. 慶典，慶祝（活動(dòng)）in celebration of: 以慶祝 birthday celebrations: 生日慶典 a party in celebration of their 5010. do without: 將就th wedding anniversary.if there is none left, we ll have to do without. 如果沒(méi)有剩余的，我們只好

39、將就了。二、 grammar1. in one s youth: 在 年輕時(shí)he had been a talented musician in his youth.2. let alone: 更不用說(shuō)（多用于否定句，后接任何詞性的詞項(xiàng)。 there isn tenough room for us, let alone six dogs and a cat.） i haven tdecided on the menu, let alone bought the food.我還沒(méi)決定吃什么菜，更不用說(shuō)買(mǎi)食物了。 i have never thought of it, let alone did

40、i do it.3. take up: vt. (1) 占用（時(shí)間空間）我都沒(méi)有想到它，更談不上去做了。 writing the paper took up most of my spare time. the piano took up too much space.(2) 拿起 take up arms: 拿起武器4. show sb around sth: 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀 shown around the museum by the guide, we then went to the concert.三、 project1. minority: n. 少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)（人）girls ar

41、e in the minority in our class.(1) be in the / a minority: 占少數(shù)(2) 表示“少數(shù)”時(shí)，為集合名詞。單獨(dú)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體或其中的成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： the minority is subordinate to the majority. only a minority of people support the new law.(3) the rights of ethnic minorities: 少數(shù)民族的權(quán)利2. job hunting: 求職，找工作少數(shù)服從多數(shù)。job hu

42、nter / job seeker: 求職者3. feast: n. (1) 盛宴，宴會(huì)，節(jié)日hold a feast: 舉行盛宴(2) 享受；賞心樂(lè)事 (for)be a feast for sb / sth: 是. 的享受盛宴the evening concert was a real feast for music lovers / our eyes. v. 盛宴款待；享受 feast on sth: 盡情享用 feast one s eyes on sth: 盡情欣賞；飽覽feast sb with sth: 用 .款待宴請(qǐng) they are feasting on the roast

43、ed meat. 他們正在盡情享用烤肉。 she feasted her eyes on the beauty of the valley. they feasted their guests with delicious food.她飽覽那山谷的美景。他們用美食招待客人。8- 4. have power over sb / sth: 支配，控制humans can only have power over themselves, not the whole world.unit 4helping people around the world一、 reading1. refer: v. (r

44、eferred; referring)(1) refer to sth / sb: 提及，參考；查閱；涉及；指 refer to sth as sth: 稱(chēng) 為 refer to a dictionary. altho ugh he didn t mention any name, everyone knew who he was referring to. johnson referred to this discovery as a major breakthrough.(2) refer sth to sb: 把 提交給某人（以謀求幫助、指點(diǎn)、行動(dòng)支持等） refer the patie

45、nts to the specialist for treatment.把病人交給專(zhuān)科醫(yī)生治療。the ambassador to sth: 駐 大使 he was appointed as ambassador to the us.他被任命為駐美國(guó)大使。 the queen was represented at the funeral by the british ambassador.英國(guó)大使代表女王參加了葬禮。 we are dinning the ambassador this week.我們本周宴請(qǐng)大使。幫助某人 assist sb (in) doing sth:assist sb

46、to do sth: can i assist you with these parcels? we asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.5. worthy: adj. (1) 值得 的 (2) 值得尊敬的(3)be worthy of sth: 值得 有價(jià)值的sth be worthy of being done: 值得 sth be worthy to be done: he is worthy of confidence. 他值得信任。 his advice is worthy of being considered / to

47、 be considered. a worthy suggestion. 有價(jià)值的建議他的建議值得考慮。6. in addition: (=besides) 除 以外，此外in addition to sth: 除 以外 you need money and time; in addition, you need diligence. she gets various perquisites( 津貼 ) in addition to her wages.你需要金錢(qián)和時(shí)間；此外，你還需要努力。7. equal: adj. 平等的；相等的；能勝任的n. 同等的人；相等物vt. 等于，比得上be e

48、qual to sth: 等于 (=equal sth) ；能勝任 have no equal / be without equal:無(wú)與倫比 equal pay for equal work: 同工同酬 one plus two is equal to three. / one plus two equals three. he is equal to the task. 他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。9- your feelings are always in full display, and once you lose patience, your violence would have no e

49、qual.你總是喜形于色，一旦你失去耐心，你的暴力無(wú)人能及。 no one equal him in strength. equal the olympic record: 平了奧運(yùn)會(huì)紀(jì)錄。使某人注意 8. draw one s attention to sth:bring sth one s attention: the victory of fighting the flood has drawn people he brought this fact to the people s attention.s attention to the reconstruction of their

50、homeland.9. acquire: vt. (1) ( 正式 ) 購(gòu)得，得到 (2) 掌握，獲得 (知識(shí)，技能等 )acquisition: ,?kwi nzi?n. 習(xí)得，獲得 acquire new language. second language acquisition: 第二語(yǔ)言習(xí)得10. worthwhile: adj . ( 作表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ) ) (1) 重要的 (2) 值得花費(fèi) 的it is worthwhile doing sth / to do sth: it is worthwhile buying the dictionary. it is worthwhile to

51、 discuss the plan.值得 they achieved a very worthwhile result.11. under the umbrella of sth:he rescued the boy under the umbrella of the police.12. lack: n. & vt.在 保護(hù)下缺乏be lacking in sth: 缺乏 lack sth: 缺乏 a lack of sth: 缺乏（一般表示泛指）lack of sth: 缺乏（一般前面有限定詞；再者就是固定搭配， he showed a complete lack of confidenc

52、e.前面不加 a） the case was dismissed for lack of hard evidence.因?yàn)槿狈煽康刈C據(jù)，這個(gè)案件被駁回了。 lack of knowledge makes him very anxious. his reception of us was lacking in warmth.他對(duì)我們的接待缺少熱情。1. loan: (1) n. 貸款；借出 repay a loan: 還貸 thanks for the loan of your camera.(2) vt. 借出 loan sth to sb: 把 借給 can you loan these

53、books to me now?2. inherit the heritage / carry on the heritage:繼承遺產(chǎn)三、 grammar1. means: n. ( 單復(fù)數(shù)同 ) 手段，方法by all means: 當(dāng)然可以by no means: 絕不，一點(diǎn)也不by means of sth: 借助，通過(guò) -can i see it?-by all means. by no means is she poor; in fact, she is quite rich. lift the load by means of a crane. 用起重機(jī)把重物吊起。 there is no means of finding out what happened.無(wú)法搞清楚發(fā)生了什么？ all th