[語(yǔ)言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全]銀監(jiān)財(cái)經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23

1、書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語(yǔ)言類考試復(fù)習(xí)資料大全銀監(jiān)財(cái)經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23銀監(jiān)財(cái)經(jīng)專業(yè)模擬23一、經(jīng)濟(jì)金融基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)單項(xiàng)選擇題在每題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的。問(wèn)題:1. 在一般情況下，廠商得到的價(jià)格若低于以下_成本就停止?fàn)I業(yè)。A.平均B.平均可變C.邊際D.平均固定答案:B解析 當(dāng)廠商的平均收益AR等于平均可變成本AVC時(shí)，廠商可以繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)，也可以不生產(chǎn)，也就是說(shuō)，廠商生產(chǎn)或不生產(chǎn)的結(jié)果都是一樣的。所以當(dāng)價(jià)格等于AVC時(shí)成為停止?fàn)I業(yè)點(diǎn)或者是關(guān)閉點(diǎn)。問(wèn)題:2. 商業(yè)信用工具主要是_。A.銀行存款B.政府債券C.商業(yè)票據(jù)D.現(xiàn)金答案:C解析 按

2、信用形式劃分，信用工具可分為商業(yè)信用工具，如各種商業(yè)票據(jù)等；銀行信用工具，如銀行券和銀行票據(jù)等；國(guó)家信用工具，如國(guó)庫(kù)券等各種政府債券；證券投資信用工具，如債券、股票等。問(wèn)題:3. 價(jià)格是影響需求的最重要的因素，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，價(jià)格和需求的變動(dòng)呈_。A.正方向變化B.反方向變化C.不相關(guān)D.完全等價(jià)答案:B解析 一般而言，產(chǎn)品自身價(jià)格和需求的變動(dòng)呈反方向變化。問(wèn)題:4. 需求量的變動(dòng)是指_。A.由于消費(fèi)者收入的變動(dòng)引起的需求的變動(dòng)B.由于消費(fèi)者偏好的變動(dòng)引起的需求的變動(dòng)C.同一條需求曲線上點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)D.需求曲線的移動(dòng)答案:C解析 選項(xiàng)ABD都是關(guān)于需求變動(dòng)的描述。需求量的變動(dòng)，是假定其他因素不變，價(jià)格變

3、動(dòng)對(duì)需求的影響。需求量的變動(dòng)是由價(jià)格的變動(dòng)引起的，是同一條需求曲線上點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)，價(jià)格上升，需求減少；價(jià)格下降，需求增加。問(wèn)題:5. 菲利普斯曲線表明工資增長(zhǎng)與失業(yè)水平之間存在著_。A.正相關(guān)關(guān)系B.負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系C.完全相關(guān)關(guān)系D.不完全相關(guān)關(guān)系答案:B解析 菲利普斯曲線表明工資增長(zhǎng)與失業(yè)水平之間存在著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。二、銀監(jiān)財(cái)經(jīng)類專業(yè)單項(xiàng)選擇題在每題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的。問(wèn)題:1. 下列選項(xiàng)中，不屬于銀行信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的是_。A.信用質(zhì)量發(fā)生變化B.交易對(duì)手未能履行合同C.外部欺詐D.債務(wù)人未能履行合同答案:C解析 信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)又稱為違約風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，是指?jìng)鶆?wù)人或交易對(duì)手未能履行合同所規(guī)定的義務(wù)或

4、信用質(zhì)量發(fā)生變化，從而給銀行帶來(lái)?yè)p失的可能性。對(duì)大多數(shù)銀行來(lái)說(shuō)，信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)幾乎存在于銀行的所有業(yè)務(wù)中，既存在于傳統(tǒng)的貸款、債券投資等表內(nèi)業(yè)務(wù)中，也存在于信用擔(dān)保、貸款承諾等表外業(yè)務(wù)中，還存在于場(chǎng)外衍生品交易中。因此，信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是銀行最為復(fù)雜的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)種類，也是銀行面臨的最主要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。問(wèn)題:2. 菲利普斯曲線是一條_。A.水平線B.向右下方傾斜的曲線C.垂線D.向右上方傾斜的曲線答案:B解析 菲利普斯曲線反映的是失業(yè)率和通貨膨脹率之間此消彼長(zhǎng)的關(guān)系，即通貨膨脹率上升，則失業(yè)率下降；通貨膨脹率下降，則失業(yè)率上升。因而，它是一條向右下方傾斜的曲線。問(wèn)題:3. 利率期貨的基礎(chǔ)資產(chǎn)為價(jià)格隨市場(chǎng)利率波動(dòng)的_。A.

5、股票產(chǎn)品B.債券產(chǎn)品C.基金產(chǎn)品D.外匯產(chǎn)品答案:B解析 所謂利率期貨是指以債券類證券為標(biāo)的物的期貨合約，它可以回避銀行利率波動(dòng)所引起的證券價(jià)格變動(dòng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。問(wèn)題:4. 關(guān)于銀行貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，下列陳述正確的是_。A.為減少貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)擴(kuò)大抵質(zhì)押貸款比重B.為減少貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)對(duì)存、貸款實(shí)行固定利率C.為減少貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)盡量延長(zhǎng)貸款期限D(zhuǎn).為減少貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，應(yīng)減少貸款損失準(zhǔn)備金提取答案:A解析 抵質(zhì)押貸款屬于擔(dān)保貸款，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較小，所以A選項(xiàng)正確；對(duì)存、貸款實(shí)行固定利率，不能有效的規(guī)避貸款中的利率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；貸款期限越長(zhǎng)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越大；貸款損失準(zhǔn)備金是根據(jù)貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)引起的可能損失提取的，減少貸款損失準(zhǔn)備金不能降低貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

6、。問(wèn)題:5. 銀行監(jiān)管人員關(guān)注金融集團(tuán)并表監(jiān)管的主要原因是_。A.保護(hù)集團(tuán)內(nèi)各實(shí)體債權(quán)人B.評(píng)估集團(tuán)內(nèi)其他實(shí)體可能對(duì)集團(tuán)內(nèi)銀行造成的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)C.確保集團(tuán)內(nèi)各法人實(shí)體均滿足資本監(jiān)管要求D.保證銀行不向集團(tuán)內(nèi)企業(yè)發(fā)放信貸答案:B解析 并表監(jiān)管的主要對(duì)象是銀行集團(tuán)的整體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀況，關(guān)注母銀行與附屬機(jī)構(gòu)、附屬機(jī)構(gòu)之間的交易，以及非銀行業(yè)務(wù)及境外業(yè)務(wù)可能帶來(lái)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。問(wèn)題:6. 根據(jù)中華人民共和國(guó)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法，銀監(jiān)會(huì)應(yīng)根據(jù)銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的_和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀況，確定對(duì)其現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查的頻率、范圍和需要采取的其他措施。A.評(píng)級(jí)情況B.業(yè)務(wù)范圍C.機(jī)構(gòu)性質(zhì)D.網(wǎng)點(diǎn)數(shù)量答案:A解析 中華人民共和國(guó)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理法第27條規(guī)定，國(guó)

7、務(wù)院銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)建立銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)督管理評(píng)級(jí)體系和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警機(jī)制，根據(jù)銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的評(píng)級(jí)情況和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀況，確定對(duì)其現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查的頻率、范圍和需要采取的其他措施。問(wèn)題:7. 金融宏觀調(diào)控的核心是_。A.財(cái)政政策B.產(chǎn)業(yè)政策C.貨幣政策D.收入政策答案:C解析 金融宏觀調(diào)控以貨幣政策為核心。問(wèn)題:8. 內(nèi)部時(shí)滯的長(zhǎng)短取決于_。A.央行對(duì)金融的調(diào)控能力強(qiáng)弱B.政策操作力度C.金融部門(mén)、企業(yè)部門(mén)對(duì)政策工具的彈性大小D.我國(guó)金融形勢(shì)特點(diǎn)答案:A解析 內(nèi)部時(shí)滯的長(zhǎng)短取決于央行對(duì)金融的調(diào)控能力強(qiáng)弱。問(wèn)題:9. 介于貨幣政策工具變量和貨幣政策目標(biāo)變量之間的變量指標(biāo)是_。A.操作目標(biāo)B.最終目標(biāo)C.中介目

8、標(biāo)D.基本目標(biāo)答案:C解析 中介目標(biāo)又稱為中間目標(biāo)、中間變量，是介于貨幣政策工具和貨幣政策最終目標(biāo)變量之間的變量指標(biāo)。問(wèn)題:10. 金本位制下，_是決定兩國(guó)貨幣匯率的基礎(chǔ)。A.貨幣含金量B.鑄幣平價(jià)C.中心匯率D.貨幣實(shí)際購(gòu)買(mǎi)力答案:B解析 鑄幣平價(jià)即鑄幣本身的價(jià)值的對(duì)比。問(wèn)題:11. 假設(shè)一國(guó)貨幣供給量為18億元，基礎(chǔ)貨幣為6億元，則該國(guó)的貨幣乘數(shù)為_(kāi)。A.2B.3C.4D.6答案:B解析 貨幣乘數(shù)=貨幣供給量/基礎(chǔ)貨幣。問(wèn)題:12. 下列屬于銀行附屬資本的是_。A.盈余公積B.資本公積C.未分配利潤(rùn)D.長(zhǎng)期次級(jí)債券答案:D解析 本題考查附屬資本包括的內(nèi)容。附屬資本包括重估儲(chǔ)備、一般準(zhǔn)備、優(yōu)

9、先股、可轉(zhuǎn)換債券和長(zhǎng)期次級(jí)債券。問(wèn)題:13. 凱恩斯的貨幣需求函數(shù)中，投資品貨幣需求主要受_的影響。A.投機(jī)性B.利率水平C.國(guó)民收入D.物價(jià)水平答案:B解析 凱恩斯的貨幣需求函數(shù)中，投資品貨幣需求主要受利率水平的影響。問(wèn)題:14. 下列資產(chǎn)中，商業(yè)銀行隨時(shí)可調(diào)度、使用的資金頭寸是_。A.法定存款準(zhǔn)備金B(yǎng).派生存款C.超額準(zhǔn)備金D.存款準(zhǔn)備金答案:C解析 超額準(zhǔn)備金是指商業(yè)銀行及存款性金融機(jī)構(gòu)的存款準(zhǔn)備金減去法定存款準(zhǔn)備金后的剩余部分，是商業(yè)銀行隨時(shí)可以調(diào)度、使用的資金頭寸。問(wèn)題:15. _是金融市場(chǎng)上最活躍的交易者，在金融市場(chǎng)上扮演著資金需求者和資金供給者的雙重身份。A.家庭B.企業(yè)C.金融

10、機(jī)構(gòu)D.政府答案:C解析 本題考查金融市場(chǎng)主體的相關(guān)知識(shí)。金融機(jī)構(gòu)是金融市場(chǎng)上最活躍的交易者，在金融市場(chǎng)上扮演著資金需求者和資金供給者的雙重身份。問(wèn)題:16. 如果一國(guó)出現(xiàn)了短期利率、資產(chǎn)價(jià)格的急劇、短暫、超周期的惡化，則說(shuō)明該國(guó)出現(xiàn)了_。A.貨幣危機(jī)B.銀行危機(jī)C.外債危機(jī)D.系統(tǒng)性金融危機(jī)答案:D解析 狹義的金融危機(jī)也就是系統(tǒng)性金融危機(jī)，是全部或大部分金融指標(biāo)，短期利率、資產(chǎn)(證券、房地產(chǎn)、土地)價(jià)格、商業(yè)破產(chǎn)數(shù)和金融機(jī)構(gòu)倒閉數(shù)的急劇、短暫和超周期的惡化。問(wèn)題:17. _是指有關(guān)主體(主要是跨國(guó)公司)在因合并財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表而引致的不同貨幣的相互折算中，因匯率在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生意外變動(dòng)，而蒙受賬面經(jīng)

11、濟(jì)損失的可能性。A.交易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)B.折算風(fēng)險(xiǎn)C.經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)D.投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)答案:B解析 一個(gè)國(guó)際企業(yè)組織的全部活動(dòng)中，即在它的經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)過(guò)程、結(jié)果、預(yù)期經(jīng)營(yíng)收益中，都存在著由于外匯匯率變化而引起的外匯風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，在經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為交易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，在經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)結(jié)果中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為會(huì)計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、預(yù)期經(jīng)營(yíng)收益的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是指對(duì)未來(lái)投資收益的不確定性，在投資中可能會(huì)遭受收益損失甚至本金損失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。問(wèn)題:18. 凱恩斯把貨幣供給量的增加并未帶來(lái)利率的相應(yīng)降低，而只是引起人們手持現(xiàn)金增加的現(xiàn)象叫_。A.資產(chǎn)泡沫B.貨幣緊縮C.流通性陷阱D.貨幣膨脹答案:C解析 本題考查流動(dòng)性陷阱的概念。問(wèn)題:19. 金融自由化與金融監(jiān)管的關(guān)

12、系是_。A.金融自由化就不應(yīng)再有金融監(jiān)管B.金融自由化與金融監(jiān)管完全沒(méi)有矛盾C.要加強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管，就不能有金融自由化D.金融自由化并不否認(rèn)金融監(jiān)管答案:D解析 金融自由化并不否認(rèn)金融監(jiān)管。問(wèn)題:20. 狹義的短期政府債券僅指_。A.國(guó)庫(kù)券B.政府代理機(jī)構(gòu)所發(fā)行的債券C.地方政府發(fā)行的債券D.國(guó)家財(cái)政部門(mén)發(fā)行的債券答案:A解析 狹義的短期政府債券僅指國(guó)庫(kù)券。三、銀監(jiān)財(cái)經(jīng)類專業(yè)多項(xiàng)選擇題下面各題，每題至少有兩個(gè)正確答案。問(wèn)題:1. 根據(jù)近代世界各國(guó)發(fā)生通貨緊縮的情況分析，通貨緊縮的成因有_。A.貨幣緊縮B.資產(chǎn)泡沫破滅C.流動(dòng)性陷阱D.多種結(jié)構(gòu)性因素 A B C D答案:ABCD解析 貨幣緊縮如美國(guó)

13、19201921年，資產(chǎn)泡沫如20世紀(jì)80年代末期的日本，多種結(jié)構(gòu)性因素如軍費(fèi)、赤字、科技進(jìn)步、全球化、壁壘打破等造成物價(jià)長(zhǎng)期下跌，流動(dòng)性陷阱如20世紀(jì)90年代的日本，都是通貨緊縮的表現(xiàn)。問(wèn)題:2. 弗里德曼把影響貨幣需求量的諸因素劃分為_(kāi)。A.各種金融資產(chǎn)B.恒常收入與財(cái)富結(jié)構(gòu)C.各種資產(chǎn)預(yù)期收益和機(jī)會(huì)成本D.各種隨機(jī)變量 A B C D答案:BCD解析 弗里德曼把影響貨幣需求量的因素劃分為三組：恒常收入和財(cái)富結(jié)構(gòu)；各種資產(chǎn)的預(yù)期收益和機(jī)會(huì)成本；各種隨機(jī)變量。問(wèn)題:3. 按照金融工具的交易程序不同，金融市場(chǎng)可劃分為_(kāi)。A.資本市場(chǎng)B.流通市場(chǎng)C.發(fā)行市場(chǎng)D.傳統(tǒng)金融市場(chǎng) A B C D答案:

14、BC解析 按照金融工具的交易程序不同，金融市場(chǎng)可以分為發(fā)行市場(chǎng)和流通市場(chǎng)。問(wèn)題:4. 目前中國(guó)人民銀行采取的利率工具主要包括_。A.調(diào)整中央銀行基準(zhǔn)利率B.調(diào)整金融機(jī)構(gòu)法定存貸款利率C.制定金融機(jī)構(gòu)存貸款利率的浮動(dòng)范圍D.制定相關(guān)政策對(duì)各類利率結(jié)構(gòu)和檔次進(jìn)行調(diào)整 A B C D答案:ABCD解析 選項(xiàng)ABCD即為中國(guó)人民銀行采用的主要利率工具內(nèi)容。問(wèn)題:5. 下列選項(xiàng)屬于中央銀行投放基礎(chǔ)貨幣的主要渠道的有_。A.實(shí)施從緊的貨幣政策B.對(duì)商業(yè)銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)的再貸款C.購(gòu)買(mǎi)政府部門(mén)(財(cái)政部)的債券D.收購(gòu)金、銀、外匯等儲(chǔ)備資產(chǎn)投放的貨幣 A B C D答案:BCD解析 中央銀行投放基礎(chǔ)貨幣的主要渠

15、道有三條：對(duì)商業(yè)銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)的再貸款；收購(gòu)金、銀、外匯等儲(chǔ)備資產(chǎn)投放的貨幣；購(gòu)買(mǎi)政府部門(mén)(財(cái)政部)的債券。四、英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant. When Hoffas Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to

16、 a union; now 36 do. In 2009 the number of unionists in Americas public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15of private-sector ones are unionized. There are three reasons for the public-sector unions th

17、riving. First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences. Second, they are mostly bright and well- educated. A quarter of Americas public-sector workers have a university degree. Third, they now dominate left-of-centre politics. Some of their ties go back a long way

18、. Britains Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism. Its current leader, Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions. At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome. Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California

19、 points out that much of the states budget is patrolled by unions. The teachers unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care. In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one. But the real gains come in be

20、nefits and work practices. Politicians have repeatedly backloaded public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous. Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in education, where charter schools, acad

21、emies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles. Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones. As the cost to everyone else has become clearer, politicians

22、have begun to clamp down. In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor. But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too. John Donahue at Harvards Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Weste

23、rn civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers. The only American public-sector workers who earn well above ￥250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States. Bankers fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-secto

24、r system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America. 1. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _.A.Teamsters still have a large body of membersB.Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servantC.unions have enlarged their public-sector membershipD.the government

25、 has improved its relationship with unionists答案:C解析 本文第一段的關(guān)鍵句是“In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.”由此可以推斷出組織已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大了。所以答案是C。2. Which of the following is true of Paragraph 2? _A.Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actionsB.E

26、ducation is required for public-sector union membershipC.Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unionsD.Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions答案:A解析 本題的關(guān)鍵句是“First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences”通過(guò)下文提示，綜合可以推斷出Public

27、-sector unions are prudent in taking actions。答案是A。3. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that the income in the state sector is _.A.illegally securedB.indirectly addedC.excessively increasedD.fairly adjusted答案:B解析 根據(jù)本段上下文分析，可以推斷出國(guó)營(yíng)部門(mén)的收入是間接增加的。關(guān)鍵句是“keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holida

28、ys and especially pensions that are already generous”。4. The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions _.A.often run against the current political systemB.can change peoples political attitudesC.may be a barrier to public-sector reformsD.are dominant in the government答案:A解析 關(guān)鍵句是“In Wiscon

29、sin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor. But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too.”由此結(jié)合上下文可以推出答案是A。5. John Donahues attitude towards the public-sector system is one of _.A.disapprovalB.appreciationC.tole

30、ranceD.indifference答案:A解析 關(guān)鍵句是“John Donahue at Harvards Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is had for high achievers.”由此結(jié)合上下文可以推斷出John Donahue對(duì)待國(guó)營(yíng)部門(mén)的態(tài)度是不贊同的。 Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long

31、-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to light beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweig

32、ht adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet. In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish

33、pastry (小甜餅). Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight, says York Onnen, program director of the Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. Still, exercises supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston

34、 University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight. If you have been sedentary (極少活動(dòng)的) and deci

35、de to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a years time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight. 6. W

36、hat is said about the average American in the passage? _A.They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of light beerB.They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weightC.They prefer light beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and foodD.They know the factors that play a positive role in

37、 keeping down body weight答案:B解析 在第一段中提到“that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to light beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion”。這里的that message(那一信息)肯定應(yīng)該在前一句，也就是“Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-t

38、erm maintenance of body weight”(鍛煉是對(duì)長(zhǎng)期保持體重起積極作用的少有因素之一)。詞組“has not gotten through to”指的是“在中并不流行”，這里的意思就是那一信息對(duì)于一般美國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)并沒(méi)有受到重視。who引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)從句，是對(duì)一般美國(guó)人的描述。這里使用了would rather.than(寧可，也不)句型，意思是美國(guó)人寧可把興趣投向淡爽啤酒和低卡路里面包，也不增加身體鍛煉。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B符合文意。7. Some people dislike exercise because _.A.they think it is physically exh

39、austingB.they find it hard to exercise while on a dietC.they dont think it possible to walk 3 miles every dayD.they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome答案:B解析 第二段專門(mén)對(duì)有些人不喜歡鍛煉的原因進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明，主要有兩句話。第一句“some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts”，這句話的意思是“卡路里消耗表會(huì)使有些

40、人非常泄氣”，后面給出了原因，即鍛煉消耗的卡路里太少。由此看來(lái)，并不是他們覺(jué)得參考卡路里消耗表麻煩，D的說(shuō)法不對(duì)。第二句借專業(yè)人士之口說(shuō)出了原因“Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight.”“tough”這個(gè)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)艱苦、艱難性，也就是說(shuō)用鍛煉來(lái)減肥太過(guò)于艱難了。與前面消耗卡路里的說(shuō)法結(jié)合起來(lái)就是：因?yàn)殄憻捪牡目防锓浅Ｉ伲砸霚p肥的話，鍛煉的投入要非常大才能起到效果。8. Even exercise professionals concede halfa point here(Line 3,Para. 2) means They _.A.agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exerciseB.partially believe