工程經(jīng)濟小抄計算 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 A 小抄

1、四、計算題（每題715分）1某人希望5年后拿出一筆50萬元的資金，作為設(shè)立一項基金的款項，若利率為5%，問此人現(xiàn)在應(yīng)存入銀行多少錢？ 解 已知f=50萬元，i=5%，n=5： 答：此人現(xiàn)在應(yīng)存入銀行39.18萬元。2某企業(yè)購入一項原價為24300元的固定資產(chǎn)，估計殘值300元，估計耐用年限為4年，試計算每年的折舊金額（用平均年限法）。 解 按平均年限法，該項固定資產(chǎn)各年的折舊情況見下表。折舊計算表 單位：元使用年限/年折舊費用累計折舊金額賬面價值12346000600060006000600012000180002400024300183001230063003003某汽車工廠生產(chǎn)大轎車和載重

2、汽車兩種型號的汽車，已知生產(chǎn)每輛汽車所用的鋼材都是2噸輛，該工廠每年供應(yīng)的鋼材為1 600噸，工廠的生產(chǎn)能力是每2.5小時可生產(chǎn)一輛載重汽車，每5小時可生產(chǎn)一輛大轎車，工廠全年的有效工時為2 500小時；已知供應(yīng)給該廠大轎車用的座椅每年可裝配400輛。據(jù)市場調(diào)查，出售一輛大轎車可獲利4千元，出售一輛載重汽車可獲利3千元。問在這些條件下，工廠應(yīng)如何安排生產(chǎn)才能使工廠獲利最大? 解：這是一個典型的線性規(guī)劃問題，建立數(shù)學(xué)模型如下：設(shè) x1為生產(chǎn)大轎車的數(shù)量（輛） x2為生產(chǎn)載重汽車的數(shù)量（輛）全年的利潤值 z=4 x1+3 x2（千元）約束的條件是：原材料的限制，2 x1+2 x21600工時的限制

3、，5 x1+2.5 x22500大轎車用座椅的限制， x1400非負限制x10， x20目標函數(shù)：max z=4 x1+3 x2約束條件： 用圖解法作圖如下：圖中的b點是最優(yōu)解，此時x1=200，x2=600;z=2600。1某人有現(xiàn)金8000 元，存3 年定期，年利率為3%，按復(fù)利計算，試計算第三年末獲得多少利息？解：1-3 年的本息計算如下表所示：年限 年初金額（元） 年末利息（元） 年末本利和（元）1 8000 8000*3%=240 8000+240=82402 8240 （8000+240）*3%=247.2 8240+247.2=8487.23 8487.2 （8240+247.2

4、）*3%=254.62 8487.2+254.62=8741.82 三年本利和f=8741.82 元，故第三年末利息為：8741.82-8000=741.82 元或：8000*（1+3%）3-1741.82 元winger tuivasa-sheck, who scored two tries in the kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over england, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while slater has been named at full-back but is still reco

5、vering from a knee injury aggravated against usa.both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but australia have not conceded a try since josh charnleys effort in their first pool match against england on the opening day.aussie winger jarryd hayne is the competitions top try scorer with

6、nine, closely followed by tuivasa-sheck with eight.but it is recently named rugby league international federation player of the year sonny bill williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.the kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first p

7、layer to win the world cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the all blacks in 2011.id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said williams.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism task

8、force, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him

9、 first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said th

10、ey were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska. baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission.

11、starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb high

12、er than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slow

13、ly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.they blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the kiwis in manchester.five years ago they c

14、ruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by englands josh charnley in the opening game of the tournament.that could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but i have been impressed by the kangaroos focus in their games s

15、ince then.they have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-chase. theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates

16、.it is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.in johnathan thurston, cooper cronk, cameron smith and either billy slater or greg inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. they have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into saturday.the kiwis ar