主語從句賓語從句知識講解

1、高考總復習：主語從句及賓語從句真題再現1. （2016 高考北京卷）Your support is important to our work . you can do helps.A. HoweverB. Whoever . WhateverD. Wherever2. （2016高考江蘇卷 ）It is often the caseanything is possible for those who hang on tohope.A . why B . what C . as D . that3. （2017高考北京卷 ）Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-

2、lined street, not knowingshewas head ing.A. whyB. whereC. howD. whe n4. （2017高考北京卷 ）Every year,makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in theKite Festival.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whomeverD. whichever5. （2017 高考江蘇卷） We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,half of

3、it used to charge.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how6.（2017高考江蘇卷）He hurried home, n ever once look ing back to see if heA. was being followedB. was followi ngC. had bee n followedD. followed7.（2017高考天津卷）She asked meI had returned the books to the library, and Iadmitted that I had nt.A. whe nB. whereC. whe

4、therD. what8.（2017北京西城一模）It is en tirely truechildre n lear n more from people they like. So,try to be friends with them.A. whatB. whyC. thatD. howwas9. （2017 北京西城一模）The results of the experiment turned out contrary toexpected.A. whatB. whichC. whomD. that答案與解析1.C;題目考查主語從句。helps是謂語，“you can do ”是主語部

5、分，即主語從句,在主語從句中，do后缺少賓語，表示任何事情”，因此用whatever引導，故選C。2. D ;考查主語從句。句意：通常情況下，對于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事實。該句 是主語從句，句子的it是形式主語，故用that引導從句作真正的主語從句。3. B?？疾橘e語從句。句意：Jane漫無目的地走在兩旁栽樹的街道上，不知道她將去往何方,根據句意可知選B。4. B?？疾橹髡Z從句。句意：每年，任何一個做出最漂亮的風箏的人將會在風箏節(jié)獲獎。 makes the most beautiful kite是主語從句，根據意思可知答案。5. C?？疾橘e語從句。half ofit used to c

6、harge ”是$20的同位語，即原來價格的一半是現在的$20;另外，of后跟名詞或名詞短語構成介賓短語，所以，這里是賓語從句； 賓語從句中的charge后面缺少賓語，所以用what來引導賓語從句，并充當賓語從句的賓語， 故選C。6. A考查賓語從句和時態(tài)。 分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被動關系，即他被別人跟蹤，排除B、D;根據句意“在匆忙趕回家的路上，他從未回頭看是否正被跟蹤”，故用過去進行時最合適，故選 A。7. C。句意：他問我是否已經把書還給圖書館了，我承認我還沒有還。A.什么時候；B.在哪里；C.是否；D.什么。根據句意，故選C。8. Co考查主語從句。it作形式主語，真正

7、的主語從句為 children learn more from peoplethey like。從句部分陳述一個事實，用that引導。9. A.本題考查賓語從句。介詞to帶賓語從句。在從句中缺主語，選用連接代詞 what。知識講解主語從句和賓語從句的引導詞that和what的區(qū)別從句中缺少主語時，常用what引導，也可用 which表示選擇，用 who/whom/whoever指人。what引導主語從句、賓語從句等名詞性從句時，表示“所的（東西）”，并且在從句中充當句子成分。而that作為從屬連詞，引導主語從句、賓語從句時，其本身沒有實際意 義，不充當句子成分。that引導主語從句時不省略，引

8、導賓語從句時一般可以省略，但有些 情況不可省略。That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.It is pretty well un derstood what con trols the flow of carb on dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is. often acceptable. （2

9、016 高考新 課標乙卷）Some people may thi nk that a garde n is no more tha n pla nts, flowers, patter ns and masses of color.（ 2016 高考新課標乙卷）“I did n t know what my New York friends were thi nkir” （ 2016 高考新課標丙卷）Researchers an alyz ing word - of- mouth com muni cati on e- mails , Web posts a nd reviews ,face-

10、 to- face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative （消極的）,butthat didn t necessarily mean people preferred positive new$2016 高考新課標丙卷）He found that scie nee amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeli ngwith others.（2016 高考新課標丙卷）What Im hoping to acc

11、omplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider andunderstand that jazz is not black and write anymore. （2017 高考新課標甲卷）Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. （2017 高考新課標I卷）He and I both knew what the deal was, and we d

12、idn t talk about i（.2017 高考新課標 II 卷）if和whether的區(qū)別主語從句（放在句首時）常由whether引導。作及物動詞賓語時，用if/whether均可，但有區(qū)別；作介詞賓語時只用whether；后面緊跟or not時，只用whether。Whether she will go home or not is unknown.Whether we shall raise ducks or geese rema ins to be decided.=It rema ins to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks

13、 or geese.但我們不能說 If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.He just doesncare whether his neighbor gets fed or not . Chimps are truly selfish . （2016 高考 江蘇卷）Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds , see through walls , or have superhuman strength may sound silly , but it actu

14、ally gets to the heart of what really matters in your life . （2016 高考四川卷）I now quickly look to seewhether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar.（2016 高考江蘇卷）It can be in ferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether people would pay as much atte ntion to a kitemar

15、k as they thi nk.（2016 高考上海卷）I don care whether/ if he comes.It depe nds on whether you can do the job well.其他連接代詞和連接副詞的選用連接代詞（what, which, who, whom, whose ）在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語；連 接副詞（when, where, why, how, whether, if等）在從句中作狀語。無論是連接代詞還是連接 副詞，都有各自的意義。It matters little how a man dies, but what matters m

16、uch is how he lives.It was a matter of who would take the positi on.No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.I have not been told where the meeting will be held.He expla ined why he set off so early that day.Whose girlfrie nd is the most beautiful is not the most importa nt thi

17、ng.whoever 與 whatever , whichever 的區(qū)另Uwhoever, whatever, whichever 除了可以弓丨導讓步狀語從句，相當于 no matter who/ what/which夕卜，還可以引導名詞從句。whoever相當于anyone who，表明泛指關系，表示任何的人都，凡是的人都”I hate whoever lies.Whoever wins gets a prize.whatever相當于 anything that，表示 無論什么”。Whatever he thinks does nt matter.Whatever you want ca

18、n be found here.whichever意為“無論哪個，無論哪些”。既可指人，也可指物；既可單獨使用，也可修飾名 詞，也可以跟of短語連用。You can choose whichever you want.Whichever of us gets home first starts cook ing.it作形式主語和形式賓語從句在某個句子中作主語、賓語時，為保持句子結構前后平衡，避免頭重腳輕，因此常用it作形式主語、賓語，而將真正的主語、賓語從句放在句尾。此時it只起先行引導作用，本身無詞義。It was really surprising that she married a m

19、an like that.It was reported that more tha n 170 thousa nd people died in the 2004 tsun ami.We owe it to you that t here wasn t a serious accident.I hate it whe n my mother asks me to eat eggs.主語從句、賓語從句的句序主語從句、賓語從句等名詞性從句用陳述語序。主語從句特別注意It構成的主語從句主語從句可以放在句子后面，而用it作形式主語放在句首，尤其是從屬連詞that引導的主語從句常用于此種句式中。這種句

20、式主要有：It is + adj. / n. + 從句It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是It is possible that. 很可能It is un likely that.不可能It is possible that he n ever inten ded to shoot her.It is un likely that she will come.It is a shame that the rain spoiled our pic nic.It +不及物動詞+從句It seems/appears that.似乎It happe ned that. 碰巧It

21、appears that you are all mistake n.It happe ned that the harvest was bad that year.It + be +過去分詞+從句It is said that. 據說It is known to all that.It is reported that.It is believed that.It is suggested that.眾所周知據報道據信，人們相信有人建議It must be poin ted out that. 必須指出It has bee n proved that. 已證明It is reported t

22、hat he is a scholar from New Zeala nd.It has bee n proved that the practice can only do good.It must be pointed out that some questions have yet to be clarified.主語從句中的主謂一致關系主語從句作主語相當于單數第三人稱作主語，謂語動詞用單數，如果由and連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用復數；由兩個或多個連接詞引導一個主語從句，謂語動詞用單數。When the meet ing will begi n has not be

23、e n decided yet.When they will start and where they go have not bee n decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.( has not )強調句型與帶有it的主語從句的區(qū)別強調句與主語從句雖然在形式上很相似，都含有It is/was. that.，但是它們有一個很重要的區(qū)別，強調句去掉It is /was.that之后，句子結構仍然完整，而主語從句卻不能這樣。It is believed that at least a score

24、 of buildi ngs were damaged or destroyed.本句去掉It is .that ”后，留下believed，以及that.從句，句子結構不完整，因此不是強 調句型。It is surpris ing that Mary should have won first place.句中的It是形式主語，that引導的是主語從句。句中的 It is和that無法刪除，一旦刪除句子 就不成立。It is Mary that has won first place.本句是強調句型，其中的 It is和that可以去掉，因為沒有It is和that句子仍然很通順賓語從句特別

25、注意【高清課堂鏈接點：賓語從句高清ID : 396512】如果賓語從句后有賓語補足語，要用形式賓語it，而將從句放到補足語后面。I thought it strange that he didn pass the exam.Ive heard it said that you ve won a scholarship.I felt it importa nt that you tell me the truth.作介詞的賓語Did she say anything about how we should do the work?Who is resp on sible for what has

26、 happe ned?I was not moved by what he said.that引導的賓語從句只有在except, in, but, besides等少數介詞后用到。Your article is good except that it is too long.有時在介詞和其賓語從句的中間加形式賓語it.I see to it that everyth ing is ready.You may depe nd on it that they will support you.作形容詞的賓語I m afraid that I have made a mistake.I m not

27、sure if/whether I m right.She began to criticize what I had done.其他幾組賓語從句He couldn t express what he felt.I will do whatever you wish.Take whichever seat you like.Give it to whomever you like.Give it to whoever is resp on sible.賓語從句的時態(tài)限制賓語從句應同主句在謂語時態(tài)上保持一致。 主句謂語是現在時，賓語從句的謂語可以是任意 時態(tài)；主句謂語是過去時，賓語從句的謂語必須

28、是過去的某種時態(tài)，（賓語是客觀真理時則 無此限制)。She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.(從句是一般現在時)She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.(從句是一般將來時)She says (that) she has never been to Mou nt Emei.(從句是現在完成時)He said there were no classes yesterday after noon.(從句是一般過去時)He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.(從句是過去將來時)He said (that) they were hav ing a meet ing at that time.(從句是過去進行時)The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. (從