精品中英文外文翻譯--基于單片機(jī)的汽車防盜報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)-定10頁(yè)

1、Based on monolithic integrated circuit automobile security alarm system designAbstract: Decodes the automobile security system using them on litchis integrated circuit interior resources realization jump code, it each time uses the remote control password all is changing, both enhanced the system se

2、curity, and greatly reduced the cost.Keyword: Monolithic integrated circuit, Automobile security system , Code/decodeIntroductionIs unceasingly progressive along with the social economy and the high tech rapid development, in the routine work and the life, the automobile has become the people ideal

3、transportation vehicle. But the following motor vehicle the case which robbed gradually is also in creased has created the pilot economical property loss. In order tore duce the automobile to rob the event the formation rate, for has the automobile the user to provide the safety control, simply deve

4、lops one kind to be reliable, the ease of operation, can send out in the discovery normal condition to the pilot reports to the police the reminder and the security warning safety system has the practical significance. This article based on to the existing automobile security alarm system generalize

5、d analysis, develops one kind of brand-new security alarm system. This system has mainly used the jump code code/decoding principle, causes the overall system to be safer, greatly reduces password explaining rate.1. System principle of workThe automobile security alarm system the remote control whic

6、h carries by the driver and installs in the automobile the controller two parts composes. The remote control and the controller all use eight CMOS which American AT-MEL Corporation produces the AVR monolithic integrated circuit, this series monolithic integrated circuit based on new simplifies instr

7、uction R the ISC structure, includes the service life most to be few is 1,000 time writes/scratches the circulation the Flash program memory, as well as the service life at least is 100,000time writes/scratches the circulation E the EPROM data-carrier storage, some 2 only have when the entire piece

8、cleaning can clean the programming encryption locks the localization.1.1 System designThe automobile security examination uses the ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor is composed by the ultrasonic wave transmission circuit and the supersonic reception electric circuit, in the automobile cab app

9、ropriate position, installs the ultrasonic wave launch/receiver, as well as switch electric circuit T1. When the automobile parks the vehicle owner person must leave the automobile, with remote control closed switch T1, the automobile alarm system sat garrisons the condition, around the system use u

10、ltrasonic wave examination vehicle obstacle. Launches the partial electric circuits likes chart 1 to show. When its P1 mouth P1.1, P1.2 to the D trig , the P1.0 control ultrasonic wave launch, are 0, the photo electricity coupler outputs the TP1 end is 1, the permission ultrasonic wave launch, launc

11、hes/the receive ultrasonic wave in turn, the circulation repeatedly carries on. Simultaneously the monolithic integrated circuit interior counter starts to count. The steam distance between vehicles obstacle distance is the time which sends out through the sound navigation and ranging reflects spend

12、s determines and carries on the computation. The reflection signal causes the D trigger to produce interrupt request signal INT1,simultaneously stops counting, reads takes counts the value, calculates the actual distance after the formula, then carries on the comparison with the datum distance, if e

13、xamines when the actual distance is bigger than reference value 80cm, does not carry on the accustom-optics to report to the police; If some people approach the automobile to enter the cab, the examination actual distance is smaller than or was equal to when reference value 80cm, through monolithic

14、integrated circuit P2.2 and the P2.3 port, actuates the indicating lamp display circuit and the sound alarm circuit, sends out three two flash. And triggers a high level, the actuation is wire less signal transmission circuit.Chart 1 Ultrasonic wave transmission circuit1.2 Code/decoding principleThe

15、 present automobile remote control security system are many is usesVD5026/27, PT2262/72, HT12E/D and so on the general code/decodes the electric circuit, its password decided by the component address, each set of security systems use a fixed invariable password. Along with the micro processing techn

16、ology development, through the receiver emote control transmitting message, may intercept this fixed password, moreover general arranges the decoding address to lose the person to carry the component size limit, its quantity is impossible too much, can obtain not repeatedly codes very is also limite

17、d, also can very quickly explain the password with the automatic scanner. Therefore, this kind of password fixed invariable automobile security system has received the serious threat. Decodes the automobile security system using the monolithic integrated circuit interior resources realization jump c

18、ode, it each time uses the remote control password all is changing, with the password no longer duplicates uses, causes the interception password also is makes a futile effort, in addition, it may increase the enough many passwords figure, enhances the system resistance illegal scanning the ability.

19、 The remote control coding altogether has 12 bytes, separately by 3 bytes codes channels code, 3 bytes codes forewords number, 5 bytes jumps codes, 1 byte pressed key operation code is composed. Encoded front adds on logic in each byte 0 to take the outset position, encoded behind adds on a logical

20、1 achievement in each byte to stop the position, and in most front adds on several logic 1 to take the guidance signal, this constituted the serial coded signal which uses in to transmit. The code channel code uses in to express the remote control status; each set of systems use a fixed channel code

21、. The code foreword number uses in to record the encoded order, its starting value is 0, the monolithic integrated circuit every time codes a time, the code foreword number upwardly counts time. The code channel code and the code foreword number deposits in monolithic integrated circuit EEPROM, guar

22、antees them power cut the influence. The jump code is the systematic true password, it passes through the complex special algorithm by the code channel code and the code foreword number to extract, this special algorithm foreign security. The pressed key operation code by the pressed key which press

23、es was decided, when the hypothesis the key is pressed down, its code decides as 0 1H; When relieves the key presses down, its code decides as 00H. Whether is the decoding confirms receive the code legitimate a series of operating process. Was confirmed the legitimate code needs to satisfy three con

24、ditions; (1) codes the channel code and the decoding channel code is same; (2) coded the foreword number to be bigger than the decoding foreword number (decoding foreword number to record on legitimately has used code foreword number, this condition might guarantee before has used code was invalid);

25、 (3) jumps the code to be equal to reuses the special algorithm to extract changes the code. After the monolithic integrated circuit confirmed receives is the legitimate code, writes the code foreword number in the decoding foreword number, and completes corresponding operation processing according

26、to the operation code. The decoding channel code and the decoding foreword number also deposits in monolithic integrated circuit EEPROM, guards against because of power cut loses.1.3 Security reports to the police realizationIf will have robber Chen ZheRu the room, starts the automobile, after wrong

27、 password, then the automobile storage battery +12V voltage, the ignition electric current way ignition lock, the ignition outage, the engine extinguishes, again starts, will duplicate the above process, like this, the bandits and thieves always will not be able to start the automobile, will not be

28、able to achieve its anticipated goal. The alarm circuit mainly is composed by the integrated block and the speaker and electronic switching SCR. Triode or the multiple-unit tube, are for enhance the electric circuit measure which the power but often uses, it has composed a current amplification fact

29、or very big equivalent transistor, total enlargement factor for these two enlargement factor product. SCR is the electronic switching which constitutes by the silicon-controlled rectifier, the electric capacity and the resistance constitution negative booster concurrently filter, provides +3 +4V to

30、IC the voltage, IC is traces Draws up sound reports to the police the integrated circuit, the alarm apparatus by the SCR control, robs the vehicle thief once after the wrong password, then the storage battery electric current enters the security system besides a group, another group is started in th

31、e engine, after leads the engine work, natural contact output voltage, after the differentiating circuit, silicon-controlled rectifier SCR is triggered, also passes through the resistance to fall the pressure, the voltage adds in the IC power source input end, IC obtains the voltage output alarm, en

32、larges after the multiple-unit tube, Destroys moves the speaker to send out resoundingly reports to the police the sound. when static state, entire electric circuit does not consume the electricity.2. Software designThe alarm apparatus software design mainly divides into: Master routine (alarm appar

33、atus initialization, key modulation and decoding); Alarm apparatus interrupt handling routine. This alarm apparatus installs on the automobile steering wheel. After installs, starts the alarm apparatus, the alarm apparatus automatically retards2030s to start to work, in order to lets use the person

34、to have the enough time to lock the gate to leave the automobile. After the time delay the alarm apparatus enters the value to defend the active status, once the vehicle door is turned on or the windowpane hits garrulously, the oscillation pick-up examines the signal, time delay 20s starts to report

35、 to the police. The time delay goal is the master which causes the automobile is opening the gate to enter the vehicle internal energy closure alarm apparatus, in order to avoid reports to the police by mistake.2.1 Master routineThis part mainly completes to each severance entrance hypothesis, and r

36、eports to the police the depositing unit initialization to each fixed unit, establishes the special symbol value and to the pressed key interrupts processing. Master routine design diagram like chart 2 shows.Chart2 master routine frame chart2.2 Alarm apparatus interrupt handling routineThe burglar a

37、larm disposal procedure uses time severance inquiry processing, each time severance, only is inquires each kind of control flag bit, controls each group output according to its condition. The procedure has not used has circulation processing the way, therefore time control conclusion, cannot elimina

38、te controls the flag bit, only is repositions the scene, the waiting next time severance, again judges whether controls the conclusion.3. Concluding remarkUses automobile security alarm system cost which this kind of monolithic integrated circuit composes low, performance reliable, simultaneously se

39、ttles the extension to be convenient. The use jump code code/decoding principle, causes the system to be safer, greatly reduces password explaining rate, will obtain the wide spread application in the future automobile security alarm system.基于單片機(jī)的汽車防盜報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要: 應(yīng)用單片機(jī)內(nèi)部資源實(shí)現(xiàn)的跳變編碼/解碼汽車防盜系統(tǒng)，它每次使用的遙控密碼都在變

40、化，既提高了系統(tǒng)的安全性，又大大降低了成本。關(guān)鍵詞: 單片機(jī) 汽車防盜系統(tǒng) 編碼/解碼引言 隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷進(jìn)步和高科技的飛速發(fā)展，在日常工作和生活中，汽車已成為人們理想的交通工具。但隨之而來(lái)的機(jī)動(dòng)車輛被盜的案件也逐漸增多，造成了駕駛員經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失。為了減少汽車被盜事件的發(fā)生率，給擁有汽車的用戶提供安全保障，研制一種簡(jiǎn)單可靠、操作方便，能在發(fā)現(xiàn)不正常情況下給駕駛員發(fā)出報(bào)警提醒和防盜警報(bào)的安全系統(tǒng)具有實(shí)際意義。本文基于對(duì)現(xiàn)有汽車防盜報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的綜合分析，開(kāi)發(fā)出一種全新的防盜報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)主要使用了跳變碼的編碼/解碼原理，使得整個(gè)系統(tǒng)更加安全，大大降低密碼破解率。1. 系統(tǒng)工作原理汽車防盜報(bào)警

41、系統(tǒng)由司機(jī)攜帶的遙控器和安裝在汽車內(nèi)的控制器兩部分組成。遙控器和控制器都用美國(guó)AT-MEL 公司生產(chǎn)的八位C MOS 型 AVR 單片機(jī)，該系列單片機(jī)基于新的精簡(jiǎn)指令R ISC 結(jié)構(gòu)，含有使用壽命最少為1000 次寫(xiě)/擦循環(huán)的 Flash 程序存儲(chǔ)器，以及使用壽命至少為 10萬(wàn) 次寫(xiě)/擦循環(huán)的E EPROM 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)器，有 2 位只有在整片擦除時(shí)才能擦除的編程加密鎖定位。1.1總體設(shè)計(jì)汽車防盜的檢測(cè),采用超聲波傳感器。超聲波傳感器由超聲波發(fā)射電路和超聲波接收電路組成，在汽車駕駛室的適當(dāng)位置，裝設(shè)超聲波發(fā)射/接收器，以及遙控開(kāi)關(guān)電路T1。當(dāng)汽車停放車主人要離開(kāi)汽車時(shí)，用遙控器閉合開(kāi)關(guān)T1，汽車報(bào)

42、警系統(tǒng)處于設(shè)防狀態(tài)，系統(tǒng)利用超聲波檢測(cè)車周圍的障礙物。發(fā)射部分電路如圖 1 所示。它的 P1 口的 P1.1、P1.2對(duì) D 觸發(fā)器初始化，P1.0 控制超聲波發(fā)射，為 0時(shí) ，光電耦合器輸出TP1 端為 1，允許超聲波發(fā)射，依次發(fā)射/接收超聲波，循環(huán)反復(fù)進(jìn)行。同時(shí)單片機(jī)內(nèi)部的計(jì)數(shù)器開(kāi)始計(jì)數(shù)。汽車距障礙物的距離是通過(guò)聲納發(fā)出到反射回來(lái)所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間來(lái)測(cè)定并進(jìn)行計(jì)算的。反射信號(hào)使 D 觸發(fā)器產(chǎn)生一個(gè)中斷請(qǐng)求信號(hào)INT1，同時(shí)停止計(jì)數(shù)，讀取計(jì)數(shù)值，經(jīng)公式計(jì)算出實(shí)際距離，然后與基準(zhǔn)距離進(jìn)行比較，如果檢測(cè)的實(shí)際距離大于參考值80cm時(shí) ，不進(jìn)行聲光報(bào)警；如果有人靠近汽車進(jìn)入駕駛室，檢測(cè)的實(shí)際距離小于或等

43、于參考值 80cm時(shí)，通過(guò)單片機(jī)的P2.2 和P2.3 端口，驅(qū)動(dòng)指示燈顯示電路和聲音報(bào)警電路，發(fā)出三聲二閃光。并觸發(fā)一個(gè)高電平，驅(qū)動(dòng)無(wú)線信號(hào)發(fā)射電路。 圖1 超聲波發(fā)射電路 1.2 編碼/解碼原理目前的汽車遙控防盜系統(tǒng)多是使用 VD5026/27、PT2262/72、HT12E/D 等通用的編碼/解碼電路，其密碼由器件的地址來(lái)決定，每套防盜系統(tǒng)使用一個(gè)固定不變的密碼。隨著微處理技術(shù)的發(fā)展，通過(guò)接收遙控發(fā)射信號(hào)，就可以截獲到這一固定的密碼，而且一般的編解碼器的地址輸人端受器件尺寸限制，其數(shù)量不可能太多，能得到的不重復(fù)編碼也就很有限，用自動(dòng)掃描器也能很快破解密碼。因此，這類密碼固定不變的汽車防盜系統(tǒng)已受到嚴(yán)重的威脅。應(yīng)用單片機(jī)內(nèi)部資源實(shí)現(xiàn)的跳變編碼/解碼汽車防盜系統(tǒng)，它每次使用的遙控密碼都在變化，用過(guò)的密碼不再重復(fù)使用，使得截獲密碼也是徒勞無(wú)功，此外，它可以增加足夠多的密碼位數(shù)，以提高系統(tǒng)抗擊非法掃描的能力。遙控編碼共有12個(gè) 字節(jié)，分別由3字 節(jié)編碼通道碼、3 字節(jié)編碼序號(hào)碼,5 字節(jié)跳變編碼、1 字