結(jié)構(gòu)工程英語(yǔ)PPT[知識(shí)相關(guān)]

1、A Brief Introduction Of Architectural Engineering 1 2 3 4 5 6 Defination Classification Concrete Structure Steel Structure Masonry Structure Timber Structure 01 Definition ONE Architectural engineering, also known as building engineering, is the application of engineering principles and technology t

2、o building design and construction. Definition Building structure is the system that composed of foundation, wall, column, beam, support, roof and other bearing members. 柱下基礎(chǔ)柱下基礎(chǔ) 樓板樓板 柱柱 梁梁 梁梁 墻墻 樓梯樓梯 地 下 室 底地 下 室 底 板板 墻下基礎(chǔ)墻下基礎(chǔ) 02 Classification TWO Classification by main structural materials Steel

3、Structure Concrete Structure Masonry Structure Timber Structure 03 Concrete Structure THREE Concrete is one of the most durable building materials.It provides superior fire resistance compared with wooden construction and gains strength over time. Structures made of concrete can have a long service

4、life. The Buffalo City Court Building in Buffalo, NY. Buffalo 布法羅（美國(guó) 紐約州西部一 城市） Empire State Building 1933 Movie poster for King Kong Perhaps the most famous popular culture representation of the Empire State Building is in the 1933 film King Kong. Sydney Opera House Concrete Structure Concrete Stru

5、cture plain concrete structure reinforced concrete structure prestressed concrete structure Many different types of structures and components of structures can be built using reinforced concrete including slabs, walls, beams, columns, found-ations, frames and more. Reinforced concrete can be classif

6、ied as precast (預(yù)制) or cast-in-place (現(xiàn)澆) concrete. Comparison of the failure of reinforced concrete beams and plain concrete beams Concrete Structure Three physical characteristics give reinforced concrete its special properties. 1.The Concrete has protective effect on steel bar 2.Coefficient of th

7、ermal expansion(熱膨脹系數(shù)) of concrete is similar to that of steel, eliminating large internal stresses due to differences in thermal expansion or contraction. 3.When the cement paste within the concrete hardens, this conforms to the surface details of the steel, permitting any stress to be transmitted

8、efficiently between the different materials. Usually steel bars are roughened or corrugated to further improve the bond or cohesion between the concrete and steel. Concrete Structure 04 Steel Structure FOUR A steel structure building is a metal structure fabricated with steel for the internal suppor

9、t and for exterior cladding, as opposed to steel framed buildings which generally use other materials for floors, walls, and external envelope. Steel structure buildings are used for a variety of purposes including storage, work spaces and living accommodation. They are classified into specific type

10、s depending on how they are used. 04 Steel Structure FOUR Steel Structure Eiffel Tower The National Stadium Guangzhou Opera House CCTV Tower Steel Structure Advantages 1.Steel is a green product; it is structurally sound and manufactured to strict specifications and tolerances. It is also energy eff

11、icient. Any excess material is 100% recyclable. 2.Steel does not easily warp, buckle, twist or bend, and is therefore easy to modify and offers design flexibility. Steel is also easy to install. 3.Steel is cost effective and rarely fluctuates( flktuet 波動(dòng); 漲落)in price. Steel Structure 4.Steel allows

12、for improved quality of construction and less maintenance, while offering improved safety and resistance. 5.With the propagation of mold and mildew in residential buildings, using steel minimizes these infestations. Mold needs moist, porous material to grow. Steel studs do not have those problems St

13、eel Structure 1.Heat conductivity:Calculations show that the web of an 18- gauge steel stud is about 31 times thinner than a two-by wood stud; however, steel conducts heat 310 times more efficiently than wood. As a net result, a two-by steel stud will conduct 10 times more heat than a two-by wood st

14、ud. 2.Easy corrosion:surface need coating anti-corrosion coatings, reduce or avoid corrosion, improve the durability of life. Disadvantages Steel Structure Type of reinforcement reinforcement hot-rolled steel bar cold-draw steel bar cold-rolled steel bar heal treated rebar HPB235 HRB335 HRB400 RRB40

15、0 plain round bar deformed bar deformed bar deformed bar （熱軋鋼筋） （冷拉鋼筋） （冷軋鋼筋） （熱處理鋼筋） non-prestressed steel （光圓鋼筋） （變形鋼筋） strengh ductility high strengh,low ductility high strengh high strengh prestressed steel Steel Structure mechanical properties of steel bars reinforced bar with obvious yield poi

16、nt 比例極限 屈服強(qiáng)度 極限強(qiáng)度 o (N/mm2) fy ft e d 流幅 a bc oaelastic stage aproportional limit byield strength cdhardening stage dultimate strength de failure stage reinforced bar without obvious yield point 0.2% 0.2 (N/mm2) o 0.2conditional yield strengh（條件屈服強(qiáng)度） 05Masonry Structure FIVE Masonry is the building

17、of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar.The common materials of masonry construction are brick, building stone.Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction. Masonry Structure The Great Wall Great Wild Goose Pagoda The Zhaozhou Brige Colosseum The ancien

18、t pyramids of Egypt Milan Cathedral Masonry Structure Advantages 1.The use of material such as bricks and stones can increase the thermal mass of a building and can protect the building from fire. 2.Most types of masonry typically will not require painting and so can provide a structure with reduced

19、 life-cycle costs. 3.Masonry structures can have a useful life of more than 500 years as compared to 30 to 100 for structures of steel or reinforced concrete. Masonry Structure DisadvantagesDisadvantages 02 2.Low strengh 03 3.Weak totality 04 4.Great labour intensity 0101 1.Large dead weight Masonry Structure Mechanical modelling of masonry structures From the point of view of material modelling, masonry is a special material of extreme mechanical properties (with a very high ratio between strength in compression an