中考考點(diǎn)突破-日常交際用語(yǔ)講述

1、專題十五日常交際用語(yǔ) 中考對(duì)日常交際用語(yǔ)的考查比重越來(lái)越大。 涉及在各種情景下的問(wèn)和答以及英美國(guó)家的 文化習(xí)俗。答題時(shí)要注意： 1根據(jù)不同的情景，使用不同的表達(dá)； 2根據(jù)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)進(jìn)行選擇； 3使用文明禮貌的語(yǔ)言； 4遵照口語(yǔ)交際特點(diǎn)，不要死套語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。 高頻考向一感謝與應(yīng)答 表示感謝 Thank you./Thanks./Thank you very much./Thank you so much./Thanks a lot./Youre kind！/. 回答別人感謝的應(yīng)答語(yǔ) Youre welcome./Not at all./Dont mention it./Its my pleasure

2、./Thats all right./. 【例1】 Id like to choose yellow as the colour of our bedroom. _.The colour brings me a warm and comfortable feeling.(2016，蘇 州) ANo wayBSounds great CIn your dreams DI cant decide 解析：No way“決不”；Sounds great“聽(tīng)起來(lái)好極了”；In your dreams“想得美”；I cant decide“我不能決定”。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“The colour brings me

3、a warm and comfortable feeling(這種顏色給我溫暖舒適的感覺(jué))” 可知，此處表示贊同對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)。 答案：_ B 高頻考向二祝愿與祝賀 當(dāng)某人取得成功時(shí) Well done！Congratulations(to you)! 當(dāng)某人外出旅行時(shí) Good luck with your trip！Have a good trip/journey. I wish you a good trip/journey./Good trip to you./Nice journey to you. Have a nice/pleasant/wonderful time. I wish

4、you a nice/pleasant/wonderful time. Have fun! Enjoy yourself/yourselves! 當(dāng)某人生日時(shí) Happy birthday to you！Thank you! 當(dāng)某人即將做某事時(shí) Good luck (to you)！(I wish you success！) 上述幾點(diǎn)中祝愿(賀)的回答可用： Thanks./Thank you./Thanks a lot.或Its kind of you to say so. 在公共節(jié)日里 Happy New Year (to you)！新年快樂(lè)！ Thanks.The same to you

5、！(Happy New Year to you，too！) 謝謝！ 您也一樣！(也祝您新年快樂(lè)！) 【例2】 I came first in the long jump. _.Im so proud of you.(2016，呼和浩特) AGood luck BHave fun CWell done DYoure joking 解析：A項(xiàng)意為“祝你好運(yùn)”；B項(xiàng)意為“祝你過(guò)得愉快” ；C項(xiàng)意為“干得好”；D項(xiàng)意為“你在開(kāi)玩笑吧”。結(jié)合 上文文意“我跳遠(yuǎn)比賽得了第一名”和下文文意“我為你感 到驕傲”可得知正確答案。 答案：_C 高頻考向三表示遺憾、同情 表遺憾時(shí) be afraid (that).

6、 Its a pity (that). What a pity! 表同情時(shí) Im sorry to hear. 【例3】 Im feeling terrible！I have a bad cold. _.Youd better see a doctor at once.(2016，重慶B) AIm afraid not BSorry to hear that CSounds great DYou are right 解析：根據(jù)外國(guó)人的習(xí)慣當(dāng)聽(tīng)到對(duì)方不舒服的時(shí)候，要說(shuō)Sorry to hear that。故選B。 答案：_B 高頻考向四提醒和警告 祈使句表示提醒、禁止和警告 Look out！/

7、Be careful！/Take care！/Danger！/Slow down！/Entrance！ /Exit！/Stop! 含條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句型表示警告 Dont do sth.，or. If you.，you. 否定祈使句或“No動(dòng)詞ing”表示提醒、禁止和警告 Dont feed the animals! Dont forget to water your plant! Dont smoke！/Dont be late！/Dont take pictures here! No smoking！/No parking！/No spitting! 用cant/mustnt表示禁止和警

8、告 【例4】 _！Something is falling down from the tall building. Dear me！Its too dangerous.(2016，廣東) ALook out BHelp yourself CWhat a pity DShut up 解析：look out意為“當(dāng)心”；help yourself意為“請(qǐng) 自便”；what a pity意為“真遺憾啊”；shut up意為“ 住口”。由“有東西正從高樓上掉下來(lái)”可知應(yīng)提醒 對(duì)方“當(dāng)心”。 答案：_ A 高頻考向五道歉和應(yīng)答 表達(dá)道歉 Pardon？Excuse me! I beg your par

9、don. Im sorry./Sorry. Sorry，I wont. 回答別人的道歉的應(yīng)答語(yǔ) Thats all right/OK. It doesnt matter./ Thats nothing./ Never mind. No problem./ Dont worry about it! 【例5】 Im sorry that I shouted at you this morning. _，but please dont get angry so often. AAll right BNo problem CNever mind DWith pleasure 解析：A選項(xiàng)“行了，好吧”

10、；B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”； C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)關(guān)系，不要緊”；D選項(xiàng)“很樂(lè)意”。由 上句“很抱歉，今天早上我對(duì)你大叫”可知，下句 句意為“不要緊，但請(qǐng)不要經(jīng)常生氣”。 答案：_ C 高頻考向六勸告和建議 表建議的用語(yǔ) Would you mind opening the door? Would you like to join us? What/How about playing pingpong now? Why not put off the meeting till tomorrow? Would/Could you please turn off the TV? Shall we go to the

11、 park? Lets go to school. 表勸告的用語(yǔ) Wed/Youd better go now. You should. Please be quiet. 應(yīng)答建議的用語(yǔ) 肯定回答： Yes，please./OK./Certainly./Good idea./Thats a good idea！/What a good idea！/All right./Sure./Yes，lets./I would like to./Yes，Id like/love to.(其 中to不能省略) 否定回答： No，thank you./Sorry，we cant./Sorry，you cant

12、. Sorry，but./Sorry，Ill./Yes，Id like (love)to，but. 【例6】 Lets go for a swim on Saturday，Jack. Oh，_ I have to work on a science report.(2016，泰安) Awhat a pity! Bwith pleasure. Cgo ahead. Dhow come? 解析：A項(xiàng)意為“真可惜！”；B項(xiàng)意為“樂(lè)意效勞”；C項(xiàng)意為“可 以，干吧”；D項(xiàng)意為“怎么會(huì)呢？”。由空格后的I have to work on a science report.(我必須做一份科學(xué)報(bào)告。)可知，

13、杰克不能去游泳，用 what a pity表示惋惜。句意“杰克，我們周六去游泳吧?！薄芭?，真可 惜！我必須做一份科學(xué)報(bào)告?！?答案：_A 高頻考向七電話用語(yǔ) 電話問(wèn)語(yǔ)： Hello！This is .speaking. Whos that (speaking)? Hello！May/Could/Can I speak to. 電話答語(yǔ)： Hold on/Wait a minute/One moment，please. Can I take a message for you? Im sorry.is not in/at home now. Ill ring him up again. 【例7】

14、 Hello，may I speak to John，please? _ AWho are you? BWhats the matter? CThis is John speaking. DHe is John. 解析：電話用語(yǔ)中自我介紹用“This is.”。 答案：_C 高頻考向八提供幫助 詢問(wèn)語(yǔ) Can/Could I help you? Can/Could I do.for you? What can I do for you? Would you like some help? Would you like me to do sth. for you? Do you want me

15、to.? Is there anything (else) I can do (for you)? Let me do.for you. 應(yīng)答語(yǔ) 需要幫助： Yes，please. Thanks.Thats very kind/good/nice (of you) 謝絕幫助： No，thanks/thank you.I can do it myself. No，I can do it，but thank you all the same. 【例8】 Is there anything else I can do for you? _. AOf course BYoure welcome CNo

16、，thanks DThats OK 解析：拒絕某人幫助時(shí)應(yīng)用“No，thanks”表 示禮貌。 答案：_ C 高頻考向九就餐 主人征求或建議對(duì)方吃什么 Would you like something to eat/drink? What would you like to have? Would you like some more.? Which do you prefer，rice or noodles? What would you like to drink，tea or coffee? 主人讓客人隨意吃喝自己喜歡的食物或飲料 Help yourself/yourselves (to

17、.) 客人的應(yīng)答語(yǔ) Id like. Just a little，please. Thank you.Ive had enough. Im full，thank you. Its delicious，but I cant eat any more. 【例9】 Would you like some orange juice，Julie? _ I prefer to drink milk.(2016，吉林) ANo，thanks. BYes，please. CId love to. 解析：“Would you like.？”意為“你(們)想要嗎？”表示向?qū)Ψ?提出請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)或進(jìn)行詢問(wèn)等?；卮稹癢

18、ould you like.？”問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯 定回答常用Yes，please./Yes，Id like (love) to./Certainly等；否定回答常 用No，thanks./No，thank you./Thats nice of you，but.等。由答句中的I prefer to drink milk.(我更喜歡喝牛奶。)可知應(yīng)作否定回答。 答案：_A 高頻考向十請(qǐng)求允許 Can/May/Could I.？我可不可以？ 表允許或同意： Yes./Sure./Certainly./Of course，you can/may. Yes，do please./Thats OK/all ri

19、ght. Go ahead，please. 表不允許或不同意： No，please dont./Im sorry you cant. Im sorry，but./Youd better not. Would you mind my/me.？你介意我嗎？ 表允許/不介意： No，I dont mind./Certainly not./Of course not./Not at all. 表不允許/介意： Im sorry you cant. Im afraid. Im afraid its not allowed. 【例10】 Could I borrow your camera? _，but

20、please give it back by Saturday. AIm sorry BOf course CCertainly not DNo，thanks 解析：選項(xiàng)A意為“對(duì)不起”；選項(xiàng)B意為“當(dāng)然”；選項(xiàng)C意為“當(dāng)然 不”；選項(xiàng)D意為“不，謝謝?！庇蓡?wèn)句句意“我能借你的相機(jī)嗎？” 和答語(yǔ)中的“but please give it back by Saturday(但請(qǐng)?jiān)谥芰斑€給我 )”可知，是同意了別人的請(qǐng)求。 答案：_B 【例11】 Cindy，would you mind not opening the window？Its cold outside. _. AId like to BSorry，Ill do it right now CYes，that sounds good DNo，I wouldnt 解析：上句句意為“辛迪，不要開(kāi)窗戶，你介意嗎？外面很冷?！盇選 項(xiàng)“我很樂(lè)意”；B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)不起，我馬上照做”；C選項(xiàng)“是的，那聽(tīng) 起來(lái)不錯(cuò)”；D選項(xiàng)“不，我不愿意?！睂?duì)于Would you mind.？問(wèn)句， ?；卮稹癗ot at all”(根本不，一點(diǎn)也不)表達(dá)不介