水泥廠眾鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉倒裝法施工

1、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉倒裝法施工1、前言及目前現(xiàn)狀鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉構(gòu)筑物作為儲(chǔ)料倉在工業(yè)廠房中大量存在。現(xiàn)在國內(nèi)一般采用正裝法進(jìn)行施工，即施工順序?yàn)椋旱鬃ㄅc基礎(chǔ)砼聯(lián)結(jié)部位）筒身（由下而上）筒蓋附屬結(jié)構(gòu)。該方法存在著一定的缺陷：一是高空作業(yè)需用大量的腳手架和吊裝機(jī)械及臺班；二是施工安全系數(shù)??；三是高空作用工效低；四是由于高空作業(yè)，操作不方便，施工質(zhì)量難以控制。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉倒裝法施工變高空作業(yè)為低處固定作業(yè)，克服了正裝法所帶來的一系列弊端。本方法在建德海螺水泥廠鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉施工中得到了成功的應(yīng)用。結(jié)合我單位以往對鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉的施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)，探索并總結(jié)倒裝法施工工法，提高我單位施工類似工程的能力。2、負(fù)責(zé)人員概況為了能夠成功

2、的應(yīng)用倒裝法完成扶綏海螺水泥廠眾多鋼結(jié)構(gòu)筒倉的施工，我項(xiàng)目部組建了研究小組成員（見下表）序號姓名組內(nèi) 職務(wù)職務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)內(nèi)容工作簡歷1陸鐵斌組長項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理總體工作及方案審核華飛二期、西合鐵路、南京海螺水泥廠、建德海螺水泥熟料基地2萬鵬副組長項(xiàng)目總工方案審核阜陽金三角大酒店（高層）、九九集團(tuán)鐵專線、建德海螺水泥熟料基地3單志福組員技術(shù)員制定方案及實(shí)施西合鐵路、建德海螺水泥熟料基地、南京水泥廠4李學(xué)明組員技術(shù)員制定方案及實(shí)施京九、西合鐵路、華飛二期建德海螺水泥廠、扶綏海螺熟料基地、3、方案的確定根據(jù)以往施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)，結(jié)合本工程特點(diǎn)，經(jīng)過周密考慮及計(jì)算確定了施工方案。由于鋼筒倉下部為砼結(jié)構(gòu)，砼結(jié)構(gòu)頂標(biāo)高在+7.

3、09.0m，需在砼結(jié)構(gòu)頂部的外側(cè)用腳手架管搭設(shè)施工平臺，平臺寬出筒倉結(jié)構(gòu)1.0m，工作平臺及提升系統(tǒng)卷制單張筒體鋼板并起吊焊接成形頂蓋施工及筒內(nèi)附件施工起吊第二節(jié)筒體鋼板在頂節(jié)筒體外側(cè)并用導(dǎo)鏈校正后焊結(jié)，只留一遍通長豎向焊縫不施焊提升頂節(jié)筒體將第二節(jié)筒體與頂節(jié)筒體對齊校正后焊接施工完成頂節(jié)和第二節(jié)筒體焊接結(jié)合完成頂節(jié)筒體外附件及第二節(jié)筒內(nèi)附件施工循環(huán)施工完成整個(gè)筒體拆除施工平臺及提升系統(tǒng)。4、作業(yè)要點(diǎn)4.1提升設(shè)備4.1.1卡板安裝前應(yīng)在底板上點(diǎn)焊卡板，卡板沿砼基礎(chǔ)壁四周均布，主要用來保證壁板所要求直徑范圍的圓曲度，垂直及減少焊接變形?？ò彘g距30cm，筒倉組裝時(shí)應(yīng)鋼板卡入卡板后進(jìn)行焊接施工。

4、4.1.2提升機(jī)具由于筒倉壁一圈高度1.5m，提升行程較大，并要求有一定的調(diào)節(jié)高度，便于隨時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)上圈板，使下圈板就位、找正，以及下圈板接口處用卡板對齊，所以提升機(jī)具采有導(dǎo)鏈，其負(fù)荷設(shè)計(jì)為壁重的2倍。4.1.3提升立柱立柱承重設(shè)計(jì)比提升總重大5t左右。立柱要對稱布置，根據(jù)提升總重及筒倉直徑大小確定立柱數(shù)量，我們在實(shí)際施工中6m直徑筒倉采用6個(gè)立柱，10m直徑采用8個(gè)立柱。4.2筒倉鋼板卷制最小筒倉直徑6.0m，鋼板寬1.5m，厚6mm，采用卷板機(jī)現(xiàn)場卷制。用8t汽車吊起吊，卷制鋼板時(shí)，由于鋼板較薄，不需卷成設(shè)計(jì)尺寸。為提高工效，鋼板從卷板機(jī)卷出后隨即起吊至工作平就位。4.3筒壁施焊起吊在工作平臺

5、上的鋼板進(jìn)行接長施焊，筒倉壁閉合前（最后一道焊縫施焊前）用導(dǎo)鏈將筒壁箍起校正筒體直徑后將多余的鋼板割掉后進(jìn)行最一道焊縫的焊接。值得注意的是最后一塊鋼板長度不宜經(jīng)過理論計(jì)算后在起吊前在地面割斷，這將給拼接施工帶來困難并由于施工誤差導(dǎo)致理論計(jì)算及實(shí)際長度不符。4.4頂蓋及內(nèi)部附件施工頂節(jié)筒體施工后進(jìn)行頂蓋施工及筒體內(nèi)部附件施工。4.5第二節(jié)筒體施工第二節(jié)筒體鋼板卷制起吊到平臺后，圍在第一節(jié)筒體外側(cè)，將各鋼板焊接聯(lián)接，只留最后一道焊縫，以便頂筒體的提升。4.6頂節(jié)筒體的提升通過提升立柱及倒鏈將頂節(jié)筒體提升超過第二節(jié)筒體5-10cm。將第二節(jié)筒體施工完成后，下落頂節(jié)筒體與第二節(jié)筒體聯(lián)結(jié)，按設(shè)計(jì)要求進(jìn)行

6、聯(lián)接處的加強(qiáng)處理。4.7附件施工在兩節(jié)筒體聯(lián)結(jié)完成后，進(jìn)行頂節(jié)筒體外部和第二節(jié)筒體內(nèi)部附件施工。4.8重復(fù)施工重復(fù)前面工序至最后一圈，施工時(shí)注意：安裝倒數(shù)第二圈時(shí)，應(yīng)在臨近壁板底畫出標(biāo)高相同的水平線，以此來檢查壁板底面是否圓周等高。多余部分應(yīng)割去或磨掉。最終保證筒壁垂直及滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。5、質(zhì)量控制5.1材質(zhì)要求及加工鋼材、配制、焊接材料質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)及規(guī)范要求，并具有質(zhì)量合格證或材質(zhì)復(fù)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。鋼板不得有裂紋、夾層、夾渣、重皮、氣孔等缺陷；表面不得銹蝕。鋼材放樣和號木計(jì)應(yīng)根據(jù)工藝要求預(yù)留出收縮余時(shí)及切割、刨邊、銼平等的加工量。下料宜用機(jī)械方法切割。如用氧氣切割，應(yīng)清出溶瘤和飛濺物。5.2焊接控制

7、為防止變形，應(yīng)采用對稱分段倒退法對稱分段跳焊施工，施焊前，應(yīng)在拼裝完的板上用工字鋼增加重力，施焊長縫時(shí)，應(yīng)順長縫壓重。并將要施焊鋼板用夾具或點(diǎn)焊固定在所壓工字鋼上。焊接時(shí)，電流不宜過大，速度盡量放慢，以減小焊接變形有焊接質(zhì)量。5.3測量控制每節(jié)倉壁在封口前需進(jìn)行圓度及直徑的校核，安裝倒數(shù)第二節(jié)時(shí)對整個(gè)筒倉的垂直度用經(jīng)緯儀進(jìn)行校核并作及時(shí)調(diào)整以保證倉壁的垂直度。6、效益分析（1）由于降低了作業(yè)高度，節(jié)省了大量的腳手架材料、機(jī)械臺班及人工。人工費(fèi)節(jié)省20%，施工周期比定額工期減少30%。（2）施工安全得到保證。（3）施工質(zhì)量易于控制。g an employment tribunal claimem

8、ployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.you may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.for mor

9、e information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seedismissal.you can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. however, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a

10、result of your failure to appeal.remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. if your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.if you

11、 are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underfurther help.employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.most people find making

12、 a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. if you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underfurther help.if you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreem

13、ent where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. this is known as adamages-based agreement. in england and wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.if you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you sho

14、uld make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. it might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a citizens advice bureau. to find your nearest cab, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest cab.for more information about making a claim to an

15、employment tribunal, seeemployment tribunals.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to b

16、e at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel

17、 platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska.age has reached the

18、end of the beginning of a word. may be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; may be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. always feel oneself shou

19、ld go to do something, or write something. twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲?；蛟S是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子；或許是追溯過去，對自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟，這些天以來，思緒一直很凌亂，在腦海中不斷糾纏。總覺得自己自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么，或者寫點(diǎn)什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺，突然就感覺到有些事情，非做不可了。the end of our life, and ca

20、n meet many things really do?而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？during my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for new year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real

21、 growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was event

22、ually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年時(shí)，覺得壓歲錢和新衣服是過年必備，但是隨著年齡的推進(jìn)，會(huì)越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些東西根本就可有可無；初中時(shí)，以為要有一場暗戀才意味著真正的成長，但三年過去后，自己心平氣和的寫同

23、學(xué)錄的時(shí)候，突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成長了，好像并沒有那么重要了；然后到了高中，覺得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個(gè)句點(diǎn)，但畢業(yè)晚會(huì)的時(shí)候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉，后來再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場，看著他投過籃球的球框時(shí)，突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原來，這個(gè)世界上，對某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決，還有，時(shí)間。a perso

24、ns time, your ideas are always special to clear. want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shad

25、ow really have been doomed. those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明確，好像沒有什么可以撼動(dòng)自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事，但更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過自己的怯懦，最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多緣分，有很多錯(cuò)過，好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑，或者說，是自以為是的精神寄托罷

26、了。at the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; those were broken into various shapes of stationery; from the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. those years,

27、 those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是陰暗的，空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場還沒有開始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計(jì)劃那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground,

28、conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount

29、 everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the supersonic descent could happen as early

30、as sunda.the weathethe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.below, the earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. it will be like he is