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1、專(zhuān)業(yè)好文檔教師姓名聶其星學(xué)生姓名倫思鏵填寫(xiě)時(shí)間年級(jí)初二學(xué)科數(shù)學(xué)上課時(shí)間 階段基礎(chǔ)( ) 提高( )強(qiáng)化( )課時(shí)計(jì)劃第( )次課共( )次課教學(xué)目標(biāo) 重難點(diǎn) 課后作業(yè):完成作業(yè)教師評(píng)語(yǔ)及建議:科組長(zhǎng)簽名 知識(shí)鞏固圖1fedcba一、全等三角形的性質(zhì)與判定1、全等三角形 (1)定義: 能夠完全 的三角形是全等三角形。 (2)性質(zhì):全等三角形的 、 相等。 (3)判定:“sas”、 、 、 、 。全等三角形的判定已知兩邊找?jiàn)A角(簡(jiǎn)記: )找直角(簡(jiǎn)記:s或hl)找另一邊(簡(jiǎn)記: )已知兩角找兩角的夾邊(簡(jiǎn)記:asa)找 (簡(jiǎn)記:aas)已知一邊一角邊為角的對(duì)邊,找 (簡(jiǎn)記: )邊為角的鄰邊找?jiàn)A角的

2、另一邊(簡(jiǎn)記: )找?jiàn)A邊的另一個(gè)角(簡(jiǎn)記: )找 (簡(jiǎn)記: )二、特殊三角形的性質(zhì)和判定1、等腰三角形的性質(zhì)定理(1)等腰三角形的兩個(gè)底角 (簡(jiǎn)述為: )。 (2)如果一個(gè)三角形有兩個(gè)角相等,那么這兩個(gè)角 也相等(等角對(duì)等邊)。(3)等腰三角形 、 、底邊上的高互相重合(三線(xiàn)合一)。2、等邊三角形的性質(zhì)和判定定理性質(zhì)定理:等邊三角形的三個(gè)角都相等,并且每個(gè)角都等于 。等邊三角形的判定:已知,如右圖,等腰abc,ab=ac:若ab=bc,則abc為等邊三角形;若a= ,則abc為等邊三角形;若b= ,則abc為等邊三角形.3、直角三角形的有關(guān)性質(zhì)定理直角三角形的性質(zhì):兩銳角 ;斜邊上的中線(xiàn)等于

3、30角所對(duì)的直角邊等于 ;如果c=90,則三邊關(guān)系為: .直角三角形的判定:6. 兩銳角互余的三角形;一條邊上的中線(xiàn)等于該邊的一半的三角形; 7. 如果a2+b2=c2,則c=90,此三角形為直角三角形defocb三、角平分線(xiàn)與中垂線(xiàn)4、角平分線(xiàn) (1)性質(zhì):角平分線(xiàn)上的點(diǎn) 相等。三角形的三條角平分線(xiàn) ,且到 相等。 (2)判定:到角的兩邊 的點(diǎn),在這個(gè)角的平分線(xiàn)上。5、線(xiàn)段的垂直平分線(xiàn)acbo (1)定義: 一條線(xiàn)段的 叫線(xiàn)段的垂直平分線(xiàn)。 (2)性質(zhì):線(xiàn)段垂直平分線(xiàn)上一點(diǎn) 相等。三角形三邊的垂直平分線(xiàn) ,且到 相等。(3)判定:到一條線(xiàn)段兩個(gè)端點(diǎn) 的點(diǎn),在這條線(xiàn)段的垂直平分線(xiàn)上。課堂練習(xí)(

4、一)選擇題1、下列兩個(gè)三角形中,一定全等的是 ( )a、有一個(gè)角是40,腰相等的兩個(gè)等腰三角形 b、兩個(gè)等邊三角形c、有一個(gè)角是100,底相等的兩個(gè)等腰三角形d、有一條邊相等,有一個(gè)內(nèi)角相等的兩個(gè)等腰三角形2、已知:如圖10,在abc中,abac,bcbd,addeeb,則a的度數(shù)是 ( )deabca、 30 b、 36 c、 45 d、 54(圖10) (圖11) 3、如圖11,abc中,ab = ac, ad = ae, bad = 30, 則edc的度數(shù)為 ( )a、 10 b、 12.5 c、 15 d、 18 4、等腰三角形頂角是84,則一腰上的高與底邊所成的角的度數(shù)是( )a、4

5、2 b、60 c、36 d、465、如圖12,abc中adbc于d,beac于e,ad與be相交于f,若bf=ac,則abc的大小是( )edbca圖14a、40 b、45 c、50 d、60(圖12) (圖13) 6、如圖13,由1=2,bc=dc,ac=ec,得abcedc的根據(jù)是( )a、sas b、asa c、aas d、sss7、如圖14,de是abc中ac邊的垂直平分線(xiàn),若bc8厘米,ab10厘米,則ebc的周長(zhǎng)為( )厘米a16 b18 c26 d288、如圖15,rtabc中,acb90,a50,將其折疊,使點(diǎn)a落在邊cb上a處,折痕為cd,則adb( )a40 b30 c20

6、 d109、如圖16,已知adbc,ae平分dab,be平分abc,則e( )a大于90 b等于90 c小于90 d無(wú)法確定圖16圖15abdac(二)填空題abcode10、在abc中,a c 25,b a 10,則b ;(圖17) (圖18)11、如圖17,abc中,adbc,ceab,垂足分別為d、e,ad、ce交于點(diǎn)h,請(qǐng)你添加一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)臈l件: ,使aehceb。12、rtabc中,c=90,若a=5,c=13,則b=_,斜邊上的高= 。13、如圖18,已知o是abc的abc、acb的角平分線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn),odab交bc于d,oeac交bc于e,若bc = 10 cm,求ode的周長(zhǎng)為 ;(

7、三)解答題圖1914、已知:如圖19,a=d=90,ac=bd. 求證:ob=oc 圖2014、如圖20,adcd,ab=10,bc=20,a=c=30,求ad、cd的長(zhǎng)。 15、如圖22,ab=ad=8,四邊形的周長(zhǎng)為32,求bc和cd的長(zhǎng)。 圖22f圖23edcba16、如圖23,沿ae折疊矩形abcd,使點(diǎn)b落在cd邊上的點(diǎn)f處,已知ab = 10cm, bc = 8cm, 連接ef, 求ef的長(zhǎng). 能力提高:圖271、如圖27,oc平分,p是oc上一點(diǎn),d是oa上一點(diǎn),e是ob上一點(diǎn),且pd=pe,求證:。2、如圖22,點(diǎn)c為線(xiàn)段ab上一點(diǎn),acm、cbn是等邊三角形,直線(xiàn)an、mc交

8、于點(diǎn)e,直線(xiàn)bm、cn交于點(diǎn)f;3、 求證:an=bm4、 求證:cef為等邊三角形5、 求證:efab圖22課后練習(xí)1、在等腰三角形abc中,a=120,bc中點(diǎn)為d,過(guò)d作deab于e,ae=4 cm,則ad等于( )a、8 cmb、7 cmc、6 cmd、4 cm2、三個(gè)正方形的面積如圖,正方形a的面積為_(kāi)。abeocd第5題圖第4題圖第2題圖a10064 3、rtabc中,c=90,cdab,垂足為d,若a=60,ab=4 cm,則cd=_.4、如圖,已知在abc中,abac,d為bc上一點(diǎn),bfcd,cebd,那么edf等于( )。a90-a b90-a c180-a d45-a5、

9、如圖,已知abcd,o為bac、acd的平分線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn),oeac于點(diǎn)e,且oe2,則兩平行線(xiàn)ab和cd之間的距離為 。6、(2011年杭州市)若等腰三角形中有一個(gè)角等于,則這個(gè)等腰三角形的頂角的度數(shù)為( )a、 b、 c、或 d、或7、(2009威海中考)如圖,若,則的度數(shù)是()a、 b、 c、 d、8、在abc中,abc=123,則bcacab=( )第10題圖adbca、123 b、149 c、1 d、12 (第3題圖) 第7題圖第9題圖9、(2011廣東茂名)如圖,已知abc是等邊三角形,點(diǎn)b、c、d、e在同一直線(xiàn)上,且cgcd,dfde,則e 度 10、一塊木板如圖所示,已知ab4,bc

10、3,dc12,ad13,b90,木板的面積為_(kāi)。11、到三角形三條邊的距離都相等的點(diǎn)是這個(gè)三角形的( )。a三條中線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn) b三條高的交點(diǎn)c三條邊的垂直平分線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn) d三條角平分線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn)12、如果三角形三條邊的中垂線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn)在三角形的外部,那么,這個(gè)三角形是( ).a.直角三角形b.銳角三角形c.鈍角三角形d.等邊三角形13、如圖,已知abc中,ac+bc=24,ao、bo分別是角平分線(xiàn),且mnba,分別交ac于n、bc于m,則cmn的周長(zhǎng)為( )a12 b24 c36 d不確定14、如圖30的(1)中,abcd是一張正方形紙片,e,f分別為ab,cd的中點(diǎn),沿過(guò)點(diǎn)d的折痕將a角翻折,使得點(diǎn)a落

11、在(2)中ef上,折痕交ae于點(diǎn)g,那么adg= .afe c 第15題圖 b第14題圖abmcno第13題圖15、如圖,在abc中,ab=ac,ab的垂直平分線(xiàn)交bc的延長(zhǎng)線(xiàn)于e,交ac于f,a=,ab+bc=16cm,則如圖,bcf的周長(zhǎng)和efc分別為( )a、16cm,40 b、8cm,50 c、16cm,50 d、8cm,40winger tuivasa-sheck, who scored two tries in the kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over england, has been passed fit after a lower-leg inj

12、ury, while slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against usa.both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but australia have not conceded a try since josh charnleys effort in their first pool match against england on the opening day.auss

13、ie winger jarryd hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by tuivasa-sheck with eight.but it is recently named rugby league international federation player of the year sonny bill williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.the kiwi - with a tourn

14、ament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the world cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the all blacks in 2011.id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend, said williams.the (lack of) air up there watch

15、 mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc spor

16、t.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an

17、 immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska. baumgartner the disappointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early

18、 as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the trop

19、osphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tro

20、popause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.they blew it in 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the sam

21、e mistake against the kiwis in manchester.five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by englands josh charnley in the opening game of the tournament.that could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but i have been impressed by the kangaroos focus in their games since then.they have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a goo

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