新視野大學(xué)英語4讀寫教程Unit1單詞和詞組

1、Unit One, Book Four 1. Chase v. (1) (after) sb./sth.追趕；追逐；追捕追趕；追逐；追捕to run, drive, etc. after sb./sth. in order to catch them E.g.: My dog likes chasing rabbits. 我的狗喜歡追捕兔子。我的狗喜歡追捕兔子。 E.g.: The kids chased each other around the kitchen table. 孩子們圍著廚房的桌子相互追逐嬉戲。孩子們圍著廚房的桌子相互追逐嬉戲。 E.g.: He chased after t

2、he burglar but couldnt catch him. 他追趕那個(gè)盜賊卻沒有抓住他。他追趕那個(gè)盜賊卻沒有抓住他。 (2)努力獲得；爭取得到努力獲得；爭取得到to try to obtain or achieve sth., for example money, work or success E.g.: Too many people are chasing too few jobs nowadays. 如今有太多的人在角逐寥寥無幾的工作職位。如今有太多的人在角逐寥寥無幾的工作職位。 E.g.: The team is chasing its first win in five g

3、ames. 這支隊(duì)伍正全力爭取獲得五場比賽的首場勝利。這支隊(duì)伍正全力爭取獲得五場比賽的首場勝利。 (3) (after) sb.追求；求愛追求；求愛to try to persuade sb. to have a sexual relationship with you E.g.: Kevins been chasing after Jan for months. 凱文幾個(gè)月來一直在追求簡。凱文幾個(gè)月來一直在追求簡。 (4)催促催促to persuade sb. to do sth. that they should have done already E.g.: I need to chas

4、e him about organizing the meeting.我得催他組織安排這次會(huì)議。我得催他組織安排這次會(huì)議。 (5)急奔；急趕；匆忙地走急奔；急趕；匆忙地走to rush or hurry somewhere E.g.: Ive been chasing around town all morning looking for a present for Sharon.為了送給莎倫一為了送給莎倫一 件禮物，我一上午都在滿城奔走尋覓。件禮物，我一上午都在滿城奔走尋覓。 (6)鏤刻；雕刻鏤刻；雕刻to cut patterns or designs on metal E.g.: cha

5、sed silver雕花銀器雕花銀器 n. (1)c追趕；追捕；追逐追趕；追捕；追逐an act of running or driving after sb./sth. in order to catch them E.g.: The thieves were caught by police after a short chase. 經(jīng)過短暫追捕，小偷被警察擒獲。經(jīng)過短暫追捕，小偷被警察擒獲。 (2) 爭取爭取a process of trying hard to get sth. E.g.: Three teams are involved in the chase for the ch

6、ampionship. 有三支隊(duì)伍參加冠軍的角逐。有三支隊(duì)伍參加冠軍的角逐。 (3)打獵打獵hunting animals as a sport 2. Pessimistic a. 悲觀（主義）的悲觀（主義）的 E.g.: The experts are pessimistic about our chances of success. 專家們對我們成功的可能性持悲觀態(tài)度。專家們對我們成功的可能性持悲觀態(tài)度。 Extended：pessimism 悲觀，悲觀主義悲觀，悲觀主義 pessimist 悲觀的人，悲觀主義者悲觀的人，悲觀主義者 opposite： optimistic 樂觀樂觀（主義

7、）的（主義）的 optimism 樂觀，樂觀樂觀，樂觀主義主義 optimist 樂觀的人，樂觀樂觀的人，樂觀主義主義者者 3. Conquest n. (1) u征服征服，占領(lǐng)占領(lǐng)the act of taking control of a country, city, etc. by force E.g.: the Norman Conquest(= of England in 1066) 諾曼征服（即諾曼征服（即1066年諾曼人征服英國）年諾曼人征服英國） (2)c占領(lǐng)（或征服）的地區(qū)占領(lǐng)（或征服）的地區(qū)an area of land taken by force E.g.: the S

8、panish conquests in South America 西班牙人在南美洲的占領(lǐng)地西班牙人在南美洲的占領(lǐng)地 (3)c（愛情方面）被俘虜?shù)娜耍◥矍榉矫妫┍环數(shù)娜薬 person that sb. has persuaded to love them E.g.: Im just one of his many conquests. 我僅僅是我僅僅是 他的眾多俘虜之一。他的眾多俘虜之一。 (4)u（對困難、危險(xiǎn)等的）控制（對困難、危險(xiǎn)等的）控制the act of gaining control over sth. that is difficult or dangerous E.g.:

9、 the conquest of inflation對通貨膨脹的控制對通貨膨脹的控制 4. Bankrupt adj. without enough money to pay what one owes E.g.: Many state-owned enterprises have gone bankrupt. 許多國有企業(yè)都破產(chǎn)了。許多國有企業(yè)都破產(chǎn)了。 E.g.: Due to the fierce competition, many small business holders went bankrupt miserably。 競爭異常殘酷，許多小企業(yè)者都慘痛的經(jīng)歷了破競爭異常殘酷，許多

10、小企業(yè)者都慘痛的經(jīng)歷了破 產(chǎn)。產(chǎn)。 5. Motive n. (for sth.)動(dòng)機(jī)；原因；目的動(dòng)機(jī)；原因；目的a reason for doing sth. E.g.: There seemed to be no motive for the murder. 這起謀殺案看不出有什么動(dòng)機(jī)。這起謀殺案看不出有什么動(dòng)機(jī)。 adj.發(fā)動(dòng)的；導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)動(dòng)的；導(dǎo)致運(yùn)動(dòng)的causing movement or action E.g.: motive power/force(= for example, electricity, to operate machinery)原動(dòng)力原動(dòng)力 6. Spur v

11、. 激勵(lì)激勵(lì)，鞭策鞭策，促進(jìn)促進(jìn) n. 刺激物刺激物，激勵(lì)激勵(lì) E.g.: It was an article in the local newspaper that finally spurred him into action. 是當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上一篇文章最終促使他采取了行動(dòng)。是當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上一篇文章最終促使他采取了行動(dòng)。 E.g.: On the spur of the moment 一時(shí)沖動(dòng)當(dāng)即一時(shí)沖動(dòng)當(dāng)即 E.g.: We went to Paris on the spur of the moment. 我們一時(shí)興起就我們一時(shí)興起就到到巴黎去了。巴黎去了。 7. Drown v.沉浸于沉浸于,

12、使淹死使淹死 E.g.: The country is drowning in debt. 這個(gè)國家債臺(tái)高筑。這個(gè)國家債臺(tái)高筑。 E.g.: We were drowning in data but starved of information. 我們被數(shù)據(jù)包圍，可是卻缺乏信息。我們被數(shù)據(jù)包圍，可是卻缺乏信息。 E.g.: Forty-eight people have drowned after their boat overturned during a storm. 他們的船在暴風(fēng)雨中翻了，淹死了他們的船在暴風(fēng)雨中翻了，淹死了48個(gè)人。個(gè)人。 E.g.: Last night a boy

13、 was drowned in the river. 昨夜有一個(gè)男孩在河里淹死了。昨夜有一個(gè)男孩在河里淹死了。 8. Idle a. 懶散的懶散的，空閑的空閑的，無效的無效的 E.g.: there are no idle hands in our company. 我們公司沒有閑置的人手我們公司沒有閑置的人手。 v. idle away虛度光陰無虛度光陰無，所事事所事事 E.g.: Dont idle away your precious time. 不要把大好時(shí)光浪費(fèi)掉。不要把大好時(shí)光浪費(fèi)掉。 9. Sustain vt. 保持，保持，使使持續(xù)，供養(yǎng)，維持生命，支持持續(xù)，供養(yǎng)，維持生命，支

14、持，支撐支撐 E.g.: We successfully sustained the conversation. 我們成功地將這個(gè)談話進(jìn)行下去。我們成功地將這個(gè)談話進(jìn)行下去。 A good breakfast will sustain us through the day. 一頓豐盛的早餐能維持我們一天的精力。一頓豐盛的早餐能維持我們一天的精力。 E.g.: Throughout the trial, he was sustained by the support of his family. 整個(gè)審訊過程中，他家人的整個(gè)審訊過程中，他家人的 支持使他得以支撐下去。支持使他得以支撐下去。 Su

15、stainable可持續(xù)的，合理利用的可持續(xù)的，合理利用的 10. Distinct adj. (1)清晰的；清楚的；明白的；明顯的清晰的；清楚的；明白的；明顯的easily or clearly heard, seen, felt, etc. E.g.: There was a distinct smell of gas. 有一股明顯的煤氣味。有一股明顯的煤氣味。 E.g.: His voice was quiet but every word was distinct. 他說話聲音不大，但字字清晰。他說話聲音不大，但字字清晰。 (2) (from sth.)截然不同的；有區(qū)別的；不同種類截

16、然不同的；有區(qū)別的；不同種類 的的clearly different or of a different kind E.g.: The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups. 調(diào)查結(jié)果分為截然不同的兩組。調(diào)查結(jié)果分為截然不同的兩組。 (3)確定無疑的；確實(shí)的；確切的確定無疑的；確實(shí)的；確切的used to emphasize that you think an idea or situation definitely exists and is important E.g.: Being tall gave Tony a dis

17、tinct advantage. 托尼個(gè)子高是個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢。托尼個(gè)子高是個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢。 11. Contaminate: v. make sth. dirty or poisonous E.g.: The water supply was contaminated by the chemicals. 水源受到了化學(xué)物質(zhì)的污染。水源受到了化學(xué)物質(zhì)的污染。 E.g.: The violent movies will contaminate the minds of young people. 暴力電影會(huì)沾染青少年的思想。暴力電影會(huì)沾染青少年的思想。 12. Object n. 物體物體，對象對象，

18、目標(biāo)目標(biāo)，賓語賓語 vi. (to) 反對反對，不贊成不贊成 E.g.: Rose objected to such treatment at work. 在工作中受到這樣的待遇，羅茲表示抗議。在工作中受到這樣的待遇，羅茲表示抗議。 E.g.: I strongly object to being treated like a child. 我強(qiáng)烈反對被人當(dāng)作小孩一樣。我強(qiáng)烈反對被人當(dāng)作小孩一樣。 Extended：objection 反對反對，異議異議，反對的理由反對的理由 objective 目標(biāo)目標(biāo)，目的；客觀的目的；客觀的 13. Accuse vt. 控告、歸罪、非難控告、歸罪、非難

19、 Accuse sb. of sth. 因因控告某人控告某人 E.g.: They accused him of taking bribes. 他們控告他收受賄賂。他們控告他收受賄賂。 Accused 被控告的被控告的 14. Second adv.其次其次，第二（的）第二（的），（重要性、規(guī)模、質(zhì)量（重要性、規(guī)模、質(zhì)量 等）居第二位的等）居第二位的，另外的另外的 n.瞬間瞬間，片刻片刻，秒（時(shí)間單位）秒（時(shí)間單位），秒（角度單位）秒（角度單位） adj.別的別的，次次(的的)，副副(的的)，從屬的從屬的 v.附議附議，臨時(shí)調(diào)派臨時(shí)調(diào)派 (1) sb. (from sth.) (to sth.

20、)臨時(shí)調(diào)派臨時(shí)調(diào)派，短期調(diào)任短期調(diào)任to send an employee to another department, office, etc. in order to do a different job for a short period of time E.g.: Each year, two teachers are seconded to industry for six months. 每年有兩名教師派到產(chǎn)業(yè)部門工作六個(gè)月。每年有兩名教師派到產(chǎn)業(yè)部門工作六個(gè)月。 (2) support支持，附議支持，附議 15. Fine adj. (1)高質(zhì)量的；美好的高質(zhì)量的；美好的of

21、high quality; good E.g.: fine clothes/wines/workmanship 漂亮的衣服；美酒；精湛的工藝漂亮的衣服；美酒；精湛的工藝 E.g.: Jim has made a fine job of the garden. 吉姆把花園拾掇得漂漂亮亮。吉姆把花園拾掇得漂漂亮亮。 (2)健康的；身體很好的健康的；身體很好的in good health E.g.: How are you? Fine, thank you. And you? “你好嗎？你好嗎？”“很好，謝謝。你呢？很好，謝謝。你呢？” E.g.: I was feeling fine when I

22、 got up this morning. 今天早上我起床時(shí)感覺很舒服。今天早上我起床時(shí)感覺很舒服。 (3)（指行為、建議、決定）可接受（指行為、建議、決定）可接受used to tell sb that an action, a suggestion or a decision is acceptable E.g.: Ill leave this here, OK? Fine. “我把這個(gè)留在這兒，可以嗎？我把這個(gè)留在這兒，可以嗎？”“可以?？梢浴！?E.g.: Bob wants to know if he can come too. Thats fine by me. “鮑勃想知道他是否

23、也能來。鮑勃想知道他是否也能來?！薄拔艺J(rèn)為沒問題。我認(rèn)為沒問題?！?(4)（表示滿意）很好，不錯(cuò)，滿意（表示滿意）很好，不錯(cuò)，滿意used to say you are satisfied with sth E.g.: Dont worry. Your speech was fine. 別擔(dān)心。你的講話挺好的。別擔(dān)心。你的講話挺好的。 E.g.: You go on without me. Ill be fine. 別管我了，你繼續(xù)吧。我沒事的。別管我了，你繼續(xù)吧。我沒事的。 E.g.: Can I get you another drink? No, thanks. Im fine . “我

24、可以再給你取一杯嗎？我可以再給你取一杯嗎？”“不，謝謝。我夠不，謝謝。我夠 了。了。” (5)好看的；漂亮的好看的；漂亮的pleasing to look at E.g.: a fine view美景美景 E.g.: a fine-looking woman漂亮女人漂亮女人 (6)精巧的；精美的精巧的；精美的attractive and delicate E.g.: fine bone china精致的骨質(zhì)瓷精致的骨質(zhì)瓷 E.g.: She has inherited her mothers fine features. 她遺傳了她母親的清秀面容。她遺傳了她母親的清秀面容。 (7)晴朗的晴朗的

25、bright and not raining E.g.: A fine day/evening晴朗的一天晴朗的一天/晚上晚上 E.g.: I hope it stays fine for the picnic. 我希望野餐那天還是晴天。我希望野餐那天還是晴天。 (8)難以看出的；很難描述的難以看出的；很難描述的difficult to see or describe E.g.: Theres no need to make such fine distinctions.沒有必要區(qū)分出如此細(xì)微的差別。沒有必要區(qū)分出如此細(xì)微的差別。 E.g.: Theres a fine line between

26、 love and hate. 愛恨只有一線之隔。愛恨只有一線之隔。 (9)小顆粒制成的；顆粒細(xì)微的小顆粒制成的；顆粒細(xì)微的made of very small grains E.g.: fine sand細(xì)沙細(xì)沙 (10)值得尊敬的；杰出的值得尊敬的；杰出的that you have a lot of respect for E.g.: He was a fine man.他是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的人。他是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的人。 (11)辭藻華麗的辭藻華麗的sounding important and impressive but unlikely to have any effect E.g.: His spee

27、ch was full of fine words which meant nothing.他的演講華而不實(shí)。他的演講華而不實(shí)。 (12)（金屬）純的；無雜質(zhì)的（金屬）純的；無雜質(zhì)的containing only a particular metal and no other substances that reduce the quality E.g.: fine gold純金純金 adv. 可接受；夠好；蠻不錯(cuò)可接受；夠好；蠻不錯(cuò)in a way that is acceptable or good enough E.g.: Keep going like that, youre doin

28、g fine . 就這樣做下去，你做得不錯(cuò)。就這樣做下去，你做得不錯(cuò)。 E.g.: Things were going fine until you showed up. 你一露面就把事情搞糟了。你一露面就把事情搞糟了。 n. 罰金；罰款罰金；罰款a sum of money that must be paid as punishment for breaking a law or rule E.g.: A parking fine違規(guī)停車罰款違規(guī)停車罰款 E.g.: She has already paid over $2000 in fines. 她已經(jīng)付了她已經(jīng)付了2000多元罰金。多元

29、罰金。 v. sb (sth) (for sth/for doing sth)處處以罰金以罰金to make sb pay money as an official punishment E.g.: She was fined for speeding. 她因超速而被罰款。她因超速而被罰款。 E.g.: The company was fined 20000 for breaching safety regulations. 這家公司因違反安全條例而被罰款這家公司因違反安全條例而被罰款2萬英鎊。萬英鎊。 16. Justify vt. 證明證明正當(dāng)；為正當(dāng)；為辯護(hù)辯護(hù) E.g.: You ar

30、e expected to justify your action. 你得為你的行為提供正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛伞Ｄ愕脼槟愕男袨樘峁┱?dāng)?shù)睦碛伞?Justification 辯解辯解，辯護(hù)辯護(hù) E.g.: There is no justification for such rude behavior. 沒有什么正當(dāng)理由可以為如此粗魯?shù)男袨檗q解。沒有什么正當(dāng)理由可以為如此粗魯?shù)男袨檗q解。 17. At best 充其量充其量 E.g.: The meeting was at best partially successful. 這次會(huì)議充其量只是部分成功。這次會(huì)議充其量只是部分成功。 18. Object

31、to: oppose or disapprove of sth. 反對反對 E.g.: Do you object to our decision? 你反對我們的決定嗎？你反對我們的決定嗎？ E.g.: More and more people object to smoking. 越來越多的人反對吸煙。越來越多的人反對吸煙。 19. Accuse sb. of sth.: point out sb. has done something illegal or wrong指控，指責(zé)指控，指責(zé) E.g.: The public accuse the government of slow reac

32、tion to the crisis. 公眾公眾指責(zé)指責(zé)政府面對災(zāi)難未能做出快速及時(shí)的反應(yīng)。政府面對災(zāi)難未能做出快速及時(shí)的反應(yīng)。 E.g.: The director was accused of bribery. 主任被指控受賄。主任被指控受賄。 20. Be hard-pressed to do sth. : have difficulty in doing sth.很難做某事很難做某事 E.g.: You are hard-pressed to deal with this tough job individually. 你很難獨(dú)自一人處理好這項(xiàng)棘手的工作。你很難獨(dú)自一人處理好這項(xiàng)棘手的工作。 E.g.: Under present circumstances, graduates feel hard-pressed to find a relatively suitable job. 在當(dāng)前情況下，畢業(yè)生感覺很難找到比較合適的在當(dāng)前情況下，畢業(yè)生感覺很難找到比較合適的 工作。工作。 21. Be intimate with: mai