單片機居家安全報警系統(tǒng)外文文獻翻譯

1、單片機居家安全報警系統(tǒng)外文文獻翻譯（含:英文原文及中文譯文）英文原文Design of Home Safety Alarm System Based on Single Chip MicrocomputerAbstractThis design is to study the field of home safety alarm based on single-chip microcomputer, and design a home safety alarm system that is based on STC89C52 single chip microcomputer and is c

2、ost-effective and easy to instal1 The alarm system adopts the communication mode of wireless communication and GSMcommunication and the modular design concept It detects different types of risk factors in the home environment through different types of sensor units, and feedbacks the environmental p

3、arameters of different rooms to the main control unit The control unit makes corresponding decisions and issues alarm instructions when necessary to ensure the safety of the home environment The system is simple and convenient to operate and has a high degree of intelligence It can detect home risk

4、factors and prevent dangerous accidentsKeywords: home security alarm system; wireless communication; GSM1 Introduction1. 1 Hidden dangers and detection in modern home lifeIn the modern home life, people cannot live without convenient living materials such as running water, electricity, and natural g

5、as However, they bring convenience to us and also increase the unsafe factors in the home life, leaking water pipes, accidental fires, gas leaks, etc An accident can bring irreparable damage to the family. With the increasing population of the city and the increasing mobility of the population, the

6、crime rate of theft and house robbery has been high for many years Traditional anti-theft doors and windows have a certain preventive effect, and there are also many security risks A wide variety of decoration materials, furniture, and decorative items provide us with convenience and beautify the ho

7、me while alsocontaminating formaldehyde Therefore, the safety of the home environment has received increasing attention in recent years How to create a comfortable, healthy and safe home environment has become a hot topic of common concern. In recent years, electronic technology has been changing wi

8、th each passing day, and communication technology is flourishing Among them, the development of chip technology and sensor technology is particularly prominent, which provides new options for the solution of home security issues The use of a home safety alarm device with a microcontroller and a sens

9、or as its core enables the detection of various risk factors in the home, such as gas concentration, formaldehyde content, leakage of water pipes, and theft of rooms, etc The system can perform remote alarms in a timely manner and notify the user Solve it.1 2 Selected topics and meaningWith the rapi

10、d development of science and technology and economic level, peoples requirements for the home environment have evolved from the initial satisfaction of simple housing development to the emphasis on the human needs of residential housing As a result, many safe, comfortable, fast, and convenient smart

11、 conimunities have emerged where safety is the primary goa1. In addition to human factors, the establishment of security systems is an indispensable and important measure for the realization of smart residential securityAt present, there are many types of home security products on the market, which

12、can be roughly divided into several relatively independent categories such as anti-theft alarms, video surveillance, and access control systems Some products have fewer functions, and products with more comprehensive functions have relatively higher prices Installation is complicated In other words,

13、 there is an urgent need for a product that requires a price to be popular, strong functions, simple installation, easy use, reliable work, and low false alarm rate Therefore, starting from the actual application, this article systematically elaborates that the use of the system does not need to cha

14、nge the power lines in the home It has low cost, does not affect aesthetics, wireless communication, and is easy to use It is suitable for general household use Home security is closely related to each of us. The use of home security alarm devicescan improve the quality of life of people and make li

15、fe more secure and convenient Because of the advantages of the system and the unmatched price/performance ratio of the 51 series microcontrollers, it will be used in future development Has a broad market prospects and development potentia1.1. 3 Research Status and Development Trends at Home and Abro

16、adIn recent years, with the rapid development of electronic information technology, computer technology, communication technology and sensor technology, there are more and more products related to home security alarms Domestic and foreign companies such as Siemens, Honeywell, Bosch, Shenzhen Yingmao

17、 and many other companies have developed a series of home security alarm products They generally have wired or wireless communication functions to complete some alarm functions and have carried out Successful application. For example, Siemens product portfolio includes general-purpose security and s

18、ecurity solutions and services, including access control systems, intrusion detection, video surveillance systems, on-site service control centers, and emergency management systems Thanks to the installation of the Siemens fire and voice evacuation system, the Jinmao Tower and the Grand Hyatt Shangh

19、ai, the worlds top hotel, provide safe and comfortable working and living environments for thousands of people It can be foreseen that the smart residential community will become the development trend of the construction industry in the future, and the home security alarm system will become an integ

20、ral part of the intelligent residential community In particular, as peoples living standards improve, people using home security alarm system equipment will More and more, peoples lives will be more comfortable and safer2 home security alarm system overall design2. 1 Overall Design Scheme of Home Se

21、curity Alarm SystemThe design of this system is a new home security alarm system that integrates single-chip microcomputer control technology, sensor detection technology, and communication technology The system is based on the single-chip microcomputer and consists of various detection units placed

22、 in different rooms and main control units responsible for decision-making Each detection unit is responsible for detecting various conditions of the indoor environment, such as temperature, humidity, formaldehyde content, leaking water, etc，and then sending the collected data to the main control un

23、it through wireless communication, and the main control unit makes a decision and issues a corresponding The instruction controls the operation of the system, thus realizing the automatic detection and automatic alarm of the indoor environment and maintaining the safety of the indoor environment The

24、 hardware of the system consists of eight parts: main control unit, fire detection unit, water leakage detection unit, anti-theft detection unit, gas leak detection unit, formaldehyde content detection unit, wireless communication module, and GSM network communication module Ensure the normal operat

25、ion of the system The circuit of the system is mainlycomposed of a power supply module, a microcontroller module, a sensor module, a wireless module, a display module, and an alarm module2. 2 main control unitThe main control unit, as the control center of the system, is responsible for receiving th

26、e information of each detection unit through the wireless module, processing the information, finding the alarm information to issue a corresponding alarm, and promptly notifying the user for processing The main control unit can complete tasks such as GSM network SMS alarm, sound and light alarm, LE

27、D screen display, and keyboard contro1 The GSM short message module is used to send and receive short messages so as to monitor home security A variety of sensors are used to collect home information, and information fusion technology is used to obtain more reliable alarm information. After receivin

28、g the alarm information, the owner responded to the SMS to control and handle the situation on the site, so as to ensure home security and theft prevention. The system is simple in structure, easy to install and debug, and easy to useDetectorThe detector is used to detect various environmental infor

29、mation in the room. The environmental information is sent to the main control unit so that the main control unit can process the information in time according to the information. The sensor is the core component of the detector According to the detection situation,sensors of different types and diff

30、erent principles constitute different detectors The detectors involved in the system mainly include the following types:(1) Fire detectorFire detectors are mainly installed in the kitchen. It uses a combination of smoke sensors and temperature and humidity sensors Smoke sensors mainly include ion sm

31、oke sensors and photoelectric smoke sensors. The system uses ion smoke sensors The ionized smoke sensor contains an internal radiation source 241. The current and voltage of the ionization chamber inside and outside the sensor are stable under normal conditions. When a fire occurs, the ionization ch

32、amber ionizes positive and negative ions under the action of an electric field The two ions move toward the positive and negative poles, and the internal current and voltage change to generate an alarm signa1. The temperature and humidity sensor can convert the temperature and humidity of the enviro

33、nment into analog signals These analog signals are converted into digital signals that can be processed by the MCU under the action of their own processing chip In the event of a fire, the temperature and humidity in the room will rise sharply within a short period of time Comprehensive temperature

34、and humidity conditions can prevent false alarms due to external interference from the smoke sensor(2) Water leak detectorThe leak detector is mainly installed in the bathroom Its working principle is mainly to use the conductive characteristics of water The two probes of the detector are installed

35、slightly higher than the ground, and are respectively connected to an I/O pin and GND pin of the microcontroller When water leakage occurs, the water level is higher than the height of the probe The two probes of the detector are turned on, and the level of the I/O pin of the microcontroller is set

36、low to generate an alarm signa1.(3) Theft detectorThe anti-theft detector is installed above the window. The detection part is mainly composed of pyroelectric and infrared sensors When a gangster enters through the window, pyroelectric and infrared laser sensors can generate alarm signalsat the same

37、 time The combination of the two sensors can prevent false alarms caused by small animals or accidents An important component of a pyroelectric sensor is a piezoelectric ceramic dielectric that maintains its polarization after being poled, known as spontaneous polarization. Spontaneous polarization

38、decreases with increasing temperature and drops to zero at the Curie point Therefore, when this material is exposed to infrared radiation and the temperature rises, the surface charge will decrease, which corresponds to the release of a part of the charge and is therefore called pyroelectricity The

39、released charge can be converted to a voltage output via an amplifier, thereby generating an alarm signa1. When radiation continues to act on the pyroelectric element to balance its surface charge, it no longer releases charge Therefore, pyroelectric sensors cannot detect constant infrared radiation

40、. The infrared detector employs a photoelectric switch. The photoelectric switch (photoelectric sensor) is an abbreviation of the photoelectric proximity switch It uses the object to block or reflect the light beam and strobes the circuit by a synchronous circuit to detect the presence or absence of

41、 an object The photoelectric switch converts the input current into an optical signal on the transmitter, and the receiver then detects the target object according to the received light intensity or presence or absence(4) Gas leak detectorThe gas is mainly composed of hydrogen, methane, carbon monox

42、ide, and ethylene, and the natural gas is mainly composed of methane, ethane, propane, and other components It can be seen that in both gases, methane is an important component of them. By detecting the methane content, it can be determined whether gas or natural gas leaks occur The methane sensor c

43、onverts the information related to the methane concentration into analog signals These analog signals can be converted into digital signals by the A/D chip and sent to the microcontroller The microcontroller can obtain the indoor methane content according to the size of the digital data Calculate th

44、e concentration of gas and natural gas so that detection and alarm can be achieved(5) Formaldehyde detectorFormaldehyde is generally considered to be the number one killer of the indoorenvironment Its release period is generally 3-15 years, and its harm is very serious for the human body, especially

45、 infants, pregnant women, the elderly and chronic patients Formaldehyde mainly exists on the floor, decoration plates, furniture, carpets, paints, and glue People can easily overlook its existence, but it can cause serious damage to peoples health The formaldehyde sensor uses the electrochemical for

46、maldehyde gas sensor HCHO produced by Dart Sensor.This sensor is developed based on a breath alcohol sensor and is suitable for monitoring in most environments (一20?C+50?C) (for special applications, it can be used at higher temperatures) This sensor is simple in design, with few components and its

47、cost is reduced It doesIt only requires power duringnot require power supply excitation.signal processing and display,so it is only a simplesmall battery munication deviceThis system mainly adopts wireless communication methods, which avoids complicated laying of lines and is both beautiful

48、and convenient. The main control unit and each subunit communicate with the wireless module 24L01. The effective range is 60 meters, which fully meets the needs of home use The communication between the main control unit and the user adopts the GSM (mobile phone network) method The alarm system can

49、send the information in the home to the user as a short message The user can also control the running of the home system by sending an SMSHome Security Alarm System Functions and Working PrinciplesThe main control unit of the system can be placed in the living room, and the detection unit can be ins

50、talled in different rooms of the house For example, the fire detection unit is installed in the kitchen, the leak detection unit may be installed in the toilet, the anti-theft alarm detection unit is installed above the door and window, the gas leak detection unit is installed in the kitchen, and th

51、e formaldehyde content detection unit is placed in the living room or the bedroom The detection unit placed in different locations sends information to the main control unit in real time through the wireless device Once a fire, leaking water pipe, burglary, or gas leak occurs, the main control unit

52、will immediately receive an alarm signa1. Then the main control unitThe unit will judge and process the alarm signal, get the alarm type, make an audible and visual alarm, and notify the user through the GSM network The home security alarm system has six main functions: Mobile phone network intellig

53、ent alarm. When an unexpected situation in the home is detected, an alarm is sent through a text message It can monitor the concentration of gas or natural gas in the home, discover gas leaks, and promptly report an alarm Anti-theft function, when a thief enters, immediately makes an alarm, and prom

54、ptly informs the police and the household head; Intelligent fire alarm, immediately when the fire occurs in the home, to alarm, to reduce the loss of property; Intelligent waterproof detection function, found a leak in the home, timely closure of the main valve, And notify the owner by SMS to avoidt

55、he loss; The system can be controlled by the remote controller, which is easy to use and easy to operate3 Hardware Design of Home Security Alarm System3 1 Design of the main control unitThe main controller consists of power supply, GSM communication module, wireless communication module, display dev

56、ice, button, and remote controller The structure is shown in the figureFigure 3 main control unit system diagram Power section uses the AC220/DC5V power supply module, after the power supply voltage transformer voltage regulator, and finally get a stable 5V voltage to the microcontroller and other e

57、lectrical equipment The display device uses 12864 liquid crystal, 12864 is the abbreviation of dot matrix number of 128*64 dot matrix LCD module, 12864 LCD with Chinese font library can display 4 rows and 8 columns of 32 characters with 16 16 dot matrix, each The display RAM can display 1 Chinese ch

58、aracter or 2 16X8 lattice full height ASCII code characters, that is, each display can display up to 32 Chinese characters or 64 ASCII characters The display of indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, light intensity, and system working status is realized through the liquid crystal, so that people

59、 can understand the working status of the system in real time The basic circuit for displaying the liquid crystal is shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 LCD connection circuit diagram The GSM mobile network communication module is selected from theSiemens TC35 module, which is a dual-band 900/1800MHz highly integrated GSM module, it is easy to integrate, cost-effective, good product quality and