動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)利與弊

1、動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)利與弊論點(diǎn) 1:（正方）不人道 First of all,the ma in disadva ntage of ani mal test ing is theinhumane treatment of animals in tests due to the fact that anesthesia for the help of pain is often not used. Scientists say that using anesthesia will interfere with test results. Today the term “vivisection ” is us

2、ed. Vivisection is defined as“cutting while still alive” but it is more commonly used today as any harmfulexperiment or test that is performed on an animal. Animal experimentationinvoIvesthe in carcerati on of ani mals and pois oning, mutilatio n, disease and killi ng ofthose individuals.It is argua

3、bly the most brutal and most severe form of violeneein the modern world.It is said that an estimated 50,000 animals die due to thetest ing on them. Some of the tests that IAMS performed were:28 female cats had their abdome ns（腹部） cut ope n and soluti on in jectedrepeatedly into their bowels.24 young

4、 dogs were given kidney failure by the removal of one kidney and thedamaging of the other. All the dogs were killed after being fed an experimentaldiet and their kid neys an alyzed.論點(diǎn) 2：（正方）可有別的措施 Many alter nativesalready exist, and there must be manymore which are wait ing to be found.The day will

5、 surely come whe n not moreand eve nexperime nts on ani mals will n eed to be done for huma n medic in e. its hared to say there will always be alter natives for veteri nary research, The most com monalter nativesthat are used today are : in-vitro tests, computer software,human “clinicaltests ” . Th

6、e use of animal cells, organs, and tissue cultures arealso deemed as alter natives,（反駁正方） however animal lives are still sacrificed forthe use of their parts. We can only talk about banning experime ntati on whe n thealter natives have bee n proved to be accurate, and safe.f （反方反駁）As a medical stude

7、 nt, Ive realized thatartificial mean s can n ever replace the in credible complexity of liv ing ani mals.It may not be possible to ban all animal tests quite yet, but there should be alot more mon ey, time and efforts going into finding alter natives.新論點(diǎn) 3: 正方： 動(dòng)物也有權(quán)禾U Could anyone tell mewhyhumans

8、are more important than any other ani mals? Could anyone please tell me the fun dame ntal reas on why huma n suffering is absolutely more important than animal suffering, why the intenseagony experie need by a laboratory ani mal is incon seque ntial（不重要的，微不足道的） when view against the same or even les

9、ser degree of suffering within a human. Of course Wesee ourselves as more important than other species, as rm sure other self-realising species see themselves, but we cannot use this flimsy（輕而薄的）,subjective （主觀上的）argument as an excuse to totally disregard the feelings ofother species. You would nt l

10、ike it if some alie n race claimi ng to be the mostimportant turned up and squirted alien cosmetics in your mothers eye, would you?So I think ani mals should have the samerights as us. You would nt like it if peoplewere doing any kind of experiment on you. Humankind has absolutely no right to use an

11、imals for any reason whatsoever, especially for experimental use.新論點(diǎn) 4 正方類比種族 We conduct such experiments simply because we have physical dominance over all other species and thus we can exploit them at our will. But then where lies the contradiction between this form exploitation and that shown wit

12、hin the humanspecies, such as the physical dominance that allowed Europeans to exploit Africans in the slave trade. Whyshould I be utterly indifferent to animal suffering because I stand to gain from it, yet I am morally obliged to be passionate about human suffering whether or not it could be for m

13、y personal betterment.新論點(diǎn) 5：正方動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)有時(shí)候真的沒有必要 . I understand the concerns over medical testing and human needs over animal lives, but the testing obviously doesnt work because there is still AIDS, cancer and all the other diseases that these tests are supposed to be curing. If medical tests really are

14、 needed, why cant there be a more humane way to do it? Why not use peoples cells, skin etc. Human volunteers should be used for final testing rather than animals.最后總結(jié)（正方） All in all, t he animals can not tell the scientist that they dont want to be tested on, but humanscan. Weneed to talk for the an

15、imals and help stop this cruel and inhumane treatment. There are many other ways that products and medicine can be tested; the use of innocent animals is no longer needed. Let us turn down cures that have been tested on animals. Thank you.反方 開場： For those opposed to all animal testing, please answer

16、 Yes or No to the following questions1. Are you vegetarian?2. Do you avoid buying leather shoes or clothes?3. Would you allow yourself or a loved one to suffer or even die because the necessary treatment had been developed using laboratory animals?If you answered Yes to ALL of the above, then you ar

17、e free from hypocrisy（偽善，虛偽） in your moral stance（l 立場姿態(tài) ）.論點(diǎn) 1：我們需要?jiǎng)游飳?shí)驗(yàn) Animals testing is really necessary.分論點(diǎn)（1）患者的需要 First of all , all the patients are in the need of the testing.Why?Could you realize that the animals you believe are being harmed, have not only impacted your lives in some way,

18、but have impacted your families, friends, by providing people with vaccines and antibiotics. When it comes down to it, rightly or wrongly, we will all happily sacrifice an animal in order to save a loved one!Millions of lives are saved every year because of one animal s, results to eithe r a drug or

19、 new form of surgery. Tell me that Which would you prefer to live - anill child or a healthy bunny? With rights come responsibilities - what responsibilities to animals have? How many people who advocate banning animal testing have accepted medicines which have almost surely been tested on animals.

20、A move towards animal rights means a move away from human rights.分論點(diǎn)（ 2）科學(xué)研究的需要 The second, animal testing is the most predominant form of testing used by scientists. Animal research plays a vital, and irreplaceable, role in such fields as drug and cancer research.The phase of research on animals ga

21、ve us essential data which moved us on. The knowledge so gained is being used to provide more effective treatment for seriously disabled humans.The results they yield bring a new outlook on life for millions around the world. If animal testing is banned, how will medicines be developed? Will cures h

22、ave to be tried only on humans?Will there be enough volunteers? Howabout lawsuits by families of victims of imperfectly designed cures? A complete ban on animal testing will have very serious negative effects on medical research. I believe that developing better, more effective and safer drugs is mo

23、re important than sparing a few rats. （ 反駁 正方觀點(diǎn) ）Alternatives to animal testing must be developed but even these alternatives will require animal testing in order to compare results. Will theanimal rights activists endorse （贊同）any responsibilityof the disastrous effectsof their rosy cuddly thoughts?

24、 I doubt it.分論點(diǎn)（ 3）安全性需要 The third, It is imperative （必要的） that all drugs released onto the market are safe for humansto use. I feel that animal testing is necessary for the continuation of biological and safety research. Even with animal & peopletesting, dangerous products still get on the market,

25、imagine how many more will be on the market if we ban animal testing.論點(diǎn) 2：物競天擇Animal rights protesters are just a bunch of city dwellers who dont really understand how life works. Nature is predatory, the strongest survive, and by testing drugs and medical research on animals which creates cures for

26、 humandiseases, then those animals died to help us survive. A simple extrapolation of the law of nature .論點(diǎn) 3：采取相應(yīng)的彌補(bǔ)措施：While we should never hurt animals in the interest of paltry （無價(jià)值的） cosmetics, research for life-saving drugs and techniques requires limited use of real animals.I agree that animal testing should be continued, but agree with animal rights