Words and expressions

1、words and Expressions1. differ vi. different adj, difference n考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) differ意為意為“不同；相異不同；相異”, 可構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)可構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)A differ from B.與與不同不同; differ in 在在（大小，尺寸，顏色（大小，尺寸，顏色)-方面不同方面不同考例考例 Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _ size and shape. A. on B. from C. by D. in 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 differ in size an

2、d shape在大小和形狀在大小和形狀,顏色顏色上不同。上不同。 A：重點(diǎn)單詞：重點(diǎn)單詞 練習(xí)：練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 (1) The customs here differ _ those of the south. (2) The two girls differ _ language. (4) There are many differences _ living in the city and living in the countryside.frominbetween2. undertake vt.著手，從事，承擔(dān)，保證著手，從事，承擔(dān)，保證 考點(diǎn)：考點(diǎn)：vt. u

3、ndertake a task /responsibility承擔(dān)任務(wù)、責(zé)任承擔(dān)任務(wù)、責(zé)任 vi. undertake to do sth 同意，答應(yīng)或著同意，答應(yīng)或著手做某事手做某事 undertake that clause 保證保證-即時(shí)練習(xí)：即時(shí)練習(xí)： 完成下列句子。完成下列句子。 (1) He will _ _ _ next month (去旅行去旅行). (2) He _ _ _ _ (承擔(dān)承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)).undertooktasknewaaundertakejourney3. object v. objection n. vi. 不贊成不贊成, 反對(duì)反對(duì) n. 物物體

4、體,目標(biāo)目標(biāo)（object） 常用搭配常用搭配 object to sth/doing sth 反對(duì)反對(duì)(做做)某事某事(to為介詞）為介詞） object that 從句從句n. have/take/make an objection to (doing) sth 對(duì)對(duì)表示反對(duì)表示反對(duì) raise an objection to (doing) sth 對(duì)對(duì)提出異議提出異議 歸納拓展：歸納拓展：反對(duì)的詞有反對(duì)的詞有:be againstbe againstoppose sthoppose sthbe opposed to sthbe opposed to sth即時(shí)練習(xí)即時(shí)練習(xí): 1.Wou

5、ld you _ _ my opening the window?object to 2.I _ _ smoking. 3 “But he is too young,” she argued. = She _ that he was too young.objecttoobjected4. forbid vt. 觀察示例觀察示例 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning. 一些政府開(kāi)始改革他們的法律體系一些政府開(kāi)始改革他們的法律體系, 禁止對(duì)人類(lèi)克隆的研究。禁止對(duì)人類(lèi)克隆的研

6、究。 詞義詞義 vt. (to command someone not to do something) 禁止禁止,不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn) 反議詞反議詞 allow 允許允許, 準(zhǔn)許準(zhǔn)許 常用搭配常用搭配 forbid sth/doing sth 禁止禁止(做做)某某事事 forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事 forbid that should do從句后用虛擬語(yǔ)氣從句后用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 allow sth/doing sth 允許允許(做做)某事某事 allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事 類(lèi)似詞：類(lèi)似詞：permit/advise 5. owe v

7、t欠（賬，錢(qián)，人情）；歸功于欠（賬，錢(qián)，人情）；歸功于 考點(diǎn)：考點(diǎn)：owe sb some money/money to sb owe sb an apology 該向某人道歉該向某人道歉 owe- to 把把-歸功于歸功于 owing to 由于，因?yàn)橛捎?，因?yàn)閑g.Tom owed his success to his wife. Owing to persistence, he passed the driving test.6.bother vt/vi /n 打擾、操心、煩擾打擾、操心、煩擾bother sb about /with sth為某事打擾為某事打擾某人某人bother ab

8、out/with 為某事煩惱為某事煩惱bother to do sth操心做某事操心做某事It bothers sb that /to do sth使某人苦使某人苦惱的是惱的是I am sorry to bother you,but- 7. resist vt. 詞義詞義 vt. 抵制抵制, 抵抗抵抗 派生詞派生詞 resistance n. 抵抗抵抗, 反抗反抗; 抵抗力抵抗力 resistant adj.抵抗的抵抗的; 常用搭配常用搭配 resist sh. /doing sth. 抵制某事抵制某事/做某事做某事 cant resist sth/ doing sth 禁不住某事禁不住某事/

9、做某事做某事 根據(jù)漢字提示完成句子根據(jù)漢字提示完成句子 (1) We are determined to stay and _ (抵抗敵人抵抗敵人). (2) Tom _ (忍不住開(kāi)玩笑忍不住開(kāi)玩笑) about his strange hairstyle.resist the enemycouldnt resist playing jokes ( ) Although a teenager, Peter resisted _ what to do and what not to do.A. telling B. being toldC. to tell D. to be told【解析解析】

10、B考查考查resist的用法。的用法。resist doing sth 抵制做某事抵制做某事, 且主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)Peter 和和tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故故B正確。正確。 1. pay off 得到好結(jié)果得到好結(jié)果; 取得成功取得成功; 付清付清（debt、loan) 詞語(yǔ)聯(lián)想詞語(yǔ)聯(lián)想 pay back 還錢(qián)、報(bào)復(fù)、報(bào)答還錢(qián)、報(bào)復(fù)、報(bào)答 pay sb back for sth因因而報(bào)復(fù)而報(bào)復(fù)/懲罰某人懲罰某人 pay for sth 付付的錢(qián)；為的錢(qián)；為付出代價(jià)付出代價(jià) pay a price for 為為-付出代價(jià)付出代價(jià)B：重點(diǎn)詞組：重點(diǎn)詞組注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) pay off 當(dāng)

11、當(dāng)“(努力、辛苦努力、辛苦)得到好結(jié)得到好結(jié)果；果；(事業(yè)、計(jì)劃事業(yè)、計(jì)劃)成功成功”講時(shí)，為講時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞短主，用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。不及物動(dòng)詞短主，用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。e.g You might find this hard at first but it pays off when you come to speak. 用用pay 相關(guān)短評(píng)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子相關(guān)短評(píng)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子 (1) Ill _ (還你錢(qián)還你錢(qián)) next month. (2) You must _ (為為付出代價(jià)付出代價(jià)) your rude words. (3) _ (他努力沒(méi)有白費(fèi)他努力沒(méi)有白費(fèi)) when the ma

12、nager accepted his proposal. (4) She _ 200 yuan _ (付付的錢(qián)的錢(qián)) Toms bike.pay you backpay a price forHis efforts paid offpaidfor ( ) Mom, I cant see any hope in working hard at all the subjects at school. Come on, dear. Years of hard work will surely _ in the future of your career. A. make sure B. pay of

13、f C. bring back D. pay backB 2. cast down 使沮喪使沮喪 Dont be so cast down. Just keep upyour spirits. 不要這么沮喪不要這么沮喪, 打起精神來(lái)！打起精神來(lái)！ 歸納拓展：歸納拓展： cast sb down 使沮喪使沮喪 cast away 丟棄丟棄 cast out 趕走趕走 即時(shí)練習(xí)：即時(shí)練習(xí)：將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)(1) 聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息他很沮喪。聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息他很沮喪。_(2) 發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相使他很沮喪。 _He was cast down to hear the

14、news.Finding out the truth made him cast down.3. in favour of 意為意為“贊成；支持贊成；支持”。in ones favour對(duì)某人有利對(duì)某人有利do sb a favour/do a favour for sb拓展：拓展：in need of in want of in case of in face of in danger of in charge ofin search of in place of in honour ofin praise of in memory of in time of in terms of in

15、place of考例考例 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it. A. in favour of B. in memory ofC. in honour of D. in search of 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 根據(jù)前面的根據(jù)前面的was against以及表示以及表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞while，可知選，可知選A。in favour of 贊成；支持。贊成；支持。in memory of 紀(jì)念；紀(jì)念；in honour of 為向?yàn)橄虮硎揪匆?；表示敬意；in search of尋找。尋找。 4. be bound

16、to 注定注定，一定，一定，有義務(wù)做有義務(wù)做 觀察示例觀察示例: Dollys death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries. 多莉的死和她的生一樣，注定要引起憂慮多莉的死和她的生一樣，注定要引起憂慮 The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天氣一定會(huì)變好。明天天氣一定會(huì)變好。 詞語(yǔ)聯(lián)想詞語(yǔ)聯(lián)想 be bound for 準(zhǔn)備去準(zhǔn)備去;前往前往 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子 (1) You have done so much that you _ (必定會(huì)成功必定會(huì)成功).

17、(2) We _ _ (打算回家過(guò)春節(jié)打算回家過(guò)春節(jié)). (3) I feel _ (有必要有必要) tell you about it.are bound to succeedare bound for home for Spring Festivalbound to 5. from time to time有時(shí)有時(shí), 間或間或, 偶爾偶爾,= occasionally, now and then, at times In time 及時(shí)及時(shí)On time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)準(zhǔn)時(shí)At a time 一次一次At no time 絕不絕不At one time 曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)At the same time 同時(shí)

18、同時(shí)I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示或漢語(yǔ)提示, 寫(xiě)出各單詞的正確形式。寫(xiě)出各單詞的正確形式。1. There are twenty boys and twenty girls in our class. That is to say there are forty students a_.2. By buying two books every month, he soon _ (積累積累) as many books as a good library.altogetheraccumulated3. The lawyer u_ the c

19、ase for free because the old man was poor.4. What is the _ (準(zhǔn)確的準(zhǔn)確的) meaning of what you said just now?5. Could you explain the p_ for shutting down the computer?6. The fans complained about the apparently a_ distribution of tickets for the next game.undertookexactprocedurearbitrary 7. She blushed, c

20、_ her eyes down.8. The book places a high m_ value on marriage and the family unit.9. Doctors have made a great _ (突破突破) in the kidney transplant.10. We took a s_ route to the seaside, which saved us a lot of time.casting moralbreakthroughstraightforward II. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I have a stron

21、g _ (object) to getting up early every day.2. What you did wasnt actually illegal, but it was _ (moral) wrong.3. It is _ (disturb) for a five-year-old boy to explain a scientific theory. objectionmorallydisturbing4. Visitors are _ (forbid) to touch the exhibits.5. I used to like their music but theyve become very _ (commerce).6. The role of the news _