廣州牛津版英語中考復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案-第2講

1、 第二講教學(xué)內(nèi)容：常考高頻詞匯與短語;代詞專項(xiàng)語法講解教學(xué)目標(biāo)：掌握高頻詞匯與短語并且能在實(shí)際學(xué)習(xí)中運(yùn)用；能區(qū)分并靈活的使用代詞。教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：?？几哳l詞匯與短語;代詞專項(xiàng)語法講解一、 詞匯與短語攻破（一） 昨日重現(xiàn)-?？几哳l詞匯與短語（1）高頻單詞7 A Unit 3單詞詞性及意思單詞詞性及意思單詞詞性及意思deal guilty compareargue descriptionmindstealthiefOught topursearriveliefollowticketreturnhurrynewspaperreasonreportbuttonpointminuteliftmomentsi

2、dedownstairspossiblefire servicepostmanalreadydeliciousprojectpresenthurthelicopterwithoutuniversity7 A Unit 4單詞詞性及意思單詞詞性及意思單詞詞性及意思star remember believeexpensive especiallyscorethroughexamplecentregrouphistoryworstshapemendworsemove collectfoldhoweverspecialpaperanotherpagecornerplanetalonebottomeve

3、n netdirection sizeumbrellaphotographrushinterestingworm（2）高頻短語7 A Unit 3中文英文中文英文解決，處理，應(yīng)付十五分鐘，一刻鐘（某人）遇到.有時(shí)間玩樂拿出.毫無疑問地逃跑將與比較追趕.和一樣在的另一側(cè)改變主意戴著手銬不是就是熬夜說謊生（某人）的氣立即，馬上考慮同時(shí)四處走正在那時(shí)獨(dú)自走到眼前，走近在的一側(cè)四處看迅速，趕快盡可能快7 A Unit 4中文英文中文英文過去常常做在過去數(shù)以億計(jì)廣交朋友能夠在周末拍照片趕快除之外，還立刻全世界考慮到譬如，例如兩半（外表）看起來（二） 歷經(jīng)磨難（1） 單詞拼寫1. Dont leave r

4、ubbish everywhere. It p_ the environment.2. We should find more ways to p_ the forests.3. We have air, water, and sunshine on E_. They are necessary for people to live on.4. Burning rubbish may cause a lot of a_ p_.5. The supermarket p_ us w_ a lot of things.6. The environment is very dirty now. We

5、must s_ p_ it.7. Without air, we cant live o_ E_.8I was born in a small t_ in the south of China. 9Dont k_ the empty bottle away. Pick it up and put it into the rubbish bin. 10My uniform is wet. How to make it d_? 11He visited many places d_ summer holiday. 12The lights in the meeting room are so b_

6、 that it is just like the daytime. 13. Leaves in the trees f_ in winter. 14. Will you go on a p_ with us this Sunday? 15. In spring, everything t_ green. （2） 完成句子1. 不要燃燒東西來獲得能源。Dont burn_ to make_.2. 森林為我們提供了大量的東西。Forest_ us_ a lot of things.3. 每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)該保護(hù)我們周圍的環(huán)境。Everyone should _ the environment arou

7、nd_.4. 人們通常和親戚一起過春節(jié)。People usually_ time_ their relatives during the Spring Festival. 5. 孩子們都喜歡放風(fēng)箏。Children like_ _.6. 在秋天，樹葉都變黃了。Leaves_ _in autumn.7. 他把我的信扔掉了。He_ _ my letter.8我們應(yīng)該阻止人們污染河水。We should_ people_ _ the river.9. 我喜歡下雪，因?yàn)槲蚁矚g滑冰并且能堆雪人。 I like snow because I enjoy skating and I can_ _.10. 他

8、們經(jīng)常在炎熱的天氣去游泳。 They often_ _ on hot days.11.你能在我的咖啡里放點(diǎn)糖嗎？Can you _ some sugar _ my coffee?12.他們看見夜空中有東西發(fā)亮。They saw something_ _ light in the dark sky.13.學(xué)生們一拿到試卷就開始寫。The students _ _ _ as soon as they got the test papers.14.在中國的北方，冬天非常冷和干燥。_ _ _of China, it is very cool and dry in winter. 15.我們準(zhǔn)備在一個(gè)好

9、天氣里去旅游。We are going to have a trip _ _ _ _. （三） 吸取教訓(xùn) 【分析】：存在的問題：_ 解題的技巧：_二、 重點(diǎn)語法解析（一） 重點(diǎn)語法解析-代詞【考點(diǎn)直擊】 1. 人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及其主要用法； 2. 名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞的形式、區(qū)別及其主要用法； 3 反身代詞的形式、意義及其主要用法； 4 常見不定代詞的一般用法； 5. 關(guān)系代詞的基本用法。 【重點(diǎn)語法解析】 代詞是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。 一、 人稱代詞 1.人稱代

10、詞的人稱、數(shù)和格，如下表所示。說明：1. 人稱代詞不僅僅指人，還可以指物。 2. 選用什么人稱代詞，取決于所代替的名詞。在單、復(fù)數(shù)上要一致。3. 人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語，賓格作賓語。動介之前用主格，動介之后用賓格 如： I like table tennis. （作主語） Do you know him?（作賓語） 4. 人稱代詞還可作表語。作表語時(shí)用賓格。如： -Who is knocking at the door? -Its me. 5. 人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用主格和賓格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is ol

11、der than I am. 二、 物主代詞 1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，如下表所示。2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。 例如：Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主語） 三、 反身代詞 英語中用來表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我們自己，你們自己 等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，其形式如表所示。反身代

12、詞可以在句中作賓語，表語，同位語。 1. 作賓語，表示動作的承受者就是動作的發(fā)出者，主語和賓語指同一個(gè)人或一些人。 He called himself a writer 2. 作表語。 The girl in the news is myself 3. 作主語或賓語的同位語，表示親自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主語同位語） You should ask the teacher himself（作賓語同位語）四、 不定代詞 不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語、表 語、賓語

13、和定語。現(xiàn)將幾個(gè)常用的不定代詞舉例說明如下： 1. some與any的區(qū)別 1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個(gè)”作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。 Look! Some students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑問句、條件句中，表示“一些”用作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。If you have any questions, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle.

14、Have you got any tea? 3）any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑問句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture? I cant see any. If you have no money, Ill lend you some. 注意：與some, any結(jié)合的詞如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。 4）some用于疑問句

15、的特殊情況： 表示委婉的請求和提建議時(shí)用some，如： Can you give me some help?2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別 1）用作形容詞： 含義用法 表示肯定 表示否定 用于可數(shù)名詞 a few雖少，但有幾個(gè) few不多，幾乎沒有 用于不可數(shù)名詞 a little，雖少，但有一點(diǎn) little不多，沒有什么 1）用作形容詞：Im going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little milk in the glas

16、s. He has few friends. They had little money with them.2）a little和little也可以用作副詞，a little表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修飾形容詞hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修飾動詞sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級) She slept very little last night. 3. other, the other, another, others, th

17、e others的區(qū)別。用 法代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個(gè)others別人，其他人another (boy)另一個(gè)（男孩）other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一個(gè)the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個(gè)男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one. 2）the other，表示兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”。常

18、與one搭配構(gòu)成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. 3）“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. 4）“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. 5）anothe

19、r可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個(gè)”，還可以跟代詞one. You can see another ship in the sea, cant you? Mary doesnt want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 4. every與each的區(qū)別。each every 1)可單獨(dú)使用 1)不可單獨(dú)使用 2)可做代名詞、形容詞 2)僅作形容詞 3)著重“個(gè)別” 3)著重“全體”，毫無例外 4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)人或物 4)用于三者或三者以上每一個(gè)人或物 Each ball has a

20、different colour. 當(dāng)我們說each child, each student或each teacher時(shí)，我們想到的是一個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說every child和every student時(shí)，我們想到的是全體的情況，every的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。 Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.5. all和both的用法。 1）all作代詞。all指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)。在句中作主語、表語、賓語、同位語

21、和定語。 All of us like Mr Pope. 我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語） = We all like Mr Pope. (作同位語) All the water has been used up. (作主語) Thats all for today. (作表語) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語) All the leaders are here. (作定語) 2）both作代詞。 與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個(gè)都”。 Lucy and Lily both agree with us. 與“of +代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示“兩者

22、都”。 Both of them came to see Mary. 單獨(dú)使用，表示“兩者（都）”。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. 3）both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。 . There are tall trees on both sides of the street. 五、關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞是一種引導(dǎo)定語從句并起連接主句和從句作用的代詞。關(guān)系代詞有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它們在句中可用作主語，表語，賓語，定語。 在主句中,它們還代表著從句所修飾的那個(gè)名詞或代詞。例如：I h

23、ate people who talk much but do little. Im looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter. 【實(shí)例解析】 1. Mary, please show _ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me 答案：D。該提考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。在本題中，動詞show的后面要跟雙賓語，空白處缺少一個(gè)間接賓語，所以應(yīng)選me。 2. -Whats on TV tonight? Is there _ interesting? -Im afraid no

24、t. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 答案：B。該提考查的是不定代詞的用法。這是一個(gè)疑問句。在疑問句中，通常用anything。 3. _ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each 答案：D。該題考查的是不定代詞用法。因?yàn)橹^語動詞是單數(shù)形式，所以Both和Some都不對。Every 不能作主語，所以只有Each合適。 4. -Where is my pen? -Oh, sorry. I have taken _ by mistake. A. yo

25、urs B. his C. mine D. hers 答案：A。該題考查的是物主代詞的用法。所以選yours。 【即時(shí)鞏固】（一）單項(xiàng)選擇1. Tom, Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her 2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 3. -You want _ sandwich? -Y

26、es, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry. A. other B. another C. others D. the other 4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 5. -Who taught your brother to surf? -Nobody. He learnt all by _. A. him B. he C.

27、 his D. himself6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. -Never mind. You can have _. A. us B. ours C. you D. yours 7. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 8. -How are you going to improve _ this term? -Work

28、 harder than last term. A. ourselves B. myself C. himself D. yourself 9. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? -Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which 10. -Is _ here? -No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody 11. Paul has _ friends ex

29、cept me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many B. some C. few D. more 12. -Do you live by yourself, Mr. Wang? -Yes. I have two sons. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America. A. neither B. both C. none D. either 13. -That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in _ hand? A. a

30、nother B. other C. one D. the other 14. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 15. -Is there a bus to the zoo? -Im afraid theres _ bus to the zoo. A. no B. any C. some D. none （二） 語法選擇Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the _1_ important.

31、 The human body can go _2_ food for a long time, but two _3_ three days without water could make people _4_. A lot of people dont understand how _5_water the human body needs _6_ well , and many people do not drink enough, especially in hot weather. Most people drink _7_they are thirsty but in fact

32、_8_ need more water when they take _9_. A mans body has 65% to 75% of water. If we dont have enough water, we feel _10_and become ill.1. A. more B. most C. less D. least2. A. with B. on C. without D. by3. A. or B. and C. of D. but4. A. died B. to die C. dies D. die5. A. many B. little C. few D. much

33、6. A. work B. working C. to work D. works7. A. so B. that C. when D. since8.A.the B. we C. you D. he9. A. an exercise B. exercise C. exercises D. exercising10. A. tired B. tiring C. tiredness D. tireless（三） 吸取教訓(xùn)【分析】：存在的問題：_ 解題的技巧：_三、 專項(xiàng)提升（一） 完形填空Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, it improv

34、es with _1_. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be able to take some action. You must first go where there are people. You wont make friends is you just stay at home alone. Join a club or a group. Talk with those who _2_ the same things as you do, or _3_ someone in some activity.M

35、any people are _4_ when talking to new people. After all meeting strangers means facing the unknown. And its human nature to feel a little uncomfortable about the unknown. We feel nervous because we always _5_ what the other people will think about ourselves. Is it good or not good? But dont forget

36、that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself as you are. You will feel more _6_ .Try to act self-confident even if you dont feel that way. When you enter a room full of strangers, such as a new _7_, walk tall and straight, look directly at your classmates and smile. If you see some

37、one youd like to _8_something to, dont wait for the other person to start a _9_.Friendship depends on mutual(相互的）liking and “give and take”. It _10_ time and effort to develop. 1. A. age B. practice C. skill D. everything2. A. like B. shareC. have D. keep3. A. tell B. joinC. want D. answer4. A. rela

38、xed B. angry C. nervous D. unhappy5. A. suggest B. considerC. hope D. imagine6. A. comfortableB. conveniently C. friendly D. excited 7. A. classroomB. factoryC. bank D. school8. A. speak B. sayC. talk D. tell9. A. competition B. speechC. conversation D. lesson10. A. takes B. spendsC. costsD. pays【分析

39、】：存在的問題：_ 解題的技巧：_（二） 閱讀理解(A) The Vieira family moved to the United States in 1981. At that time, they decided to stop speaking Spanish at home and only communicate in English. This was because they were now living in an English-speaking country. Now the Vieira children are adults, and they sometimes

40、 travel to Spain to visit their family and friends. But they cannot communicate with them. Unfortunately this is common. When people move to new countries, they often leave their own customs and mother language behind. This is a mistake because there are many benefits to knowing more than one langua

41、ge. One advantage of speaking more than one language is that you can communicate directly with more people around the world. You do not have to depend on others to talk for you, so youre more independent. People who know only one language must use others to help them communicate. Furthermore, speaki

42、ng a second language also allows people to experience other cultures and customs more effectively. Local expressions, vocabulary, and even jokes can have a powerful effect on a persons understanding of another culture. So, knowing more than one language increases your knowledge of other cultures. Fi

43、nally, having more multi-language speakers improves relationships between countries. If people from different countries can communicate well, the world can become closer. Countries will then have more respect for each other and better understand each others problems. The benefits of knowing more tha

44、n one language are clear. In fact, there are no disadvantages. It is very sad that many people dont try to learn another language. It is even worse when people let themselves forget their mother language and become silenced.1. What is the passage mainly about? A. The benefits of learning other langu

45、ages. B. The reasons why people come to America. C. The importance of learning English. D. How to learn another language.2. The passage begins with the experience of the Vieira family in order to_. A. discuss the need for teaching a new language B. introduce the passages main characters to the reade

46、rs C. describe the advantages of moving to another country D. show the problems of speaking only one language3. The underlined phrase “multi-language speakers” (Paragraph 5) means “people who know _.” A. their mother language B. a new language C. more than one language D. body language4. According t

47、o the passage, if you can speak more than one language, you can_. A. find a better job B. make more friends C. better understand history D. communicate more independently5. Based on the last paragraph, which of the following is the worst? A. Not knowing another language. B. Forgetting ones mother la

48、nguage. C. Refusing to learn another language. D. Failing to communicate with others.（B） You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize

49、that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealousy spoil your relationships. Tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner th

50、an you think.It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that. Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited), just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been somethin