職稱英語考試?yán)砉ゎ怉級試題及答案

1、2006年職稱英語考試?yán)砉ゎ?a級)試題及答案第1部分：詞匯選項（第115題，每 題1分，共15分）下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近選項。1 she was a puzzlea.girlb.womanc.problemd.mystery2 her speciality is heart surgery.a.regionb.sitec.fieldd.platform3 france has kept intimate links with its former african territories.a.friendlyb.privatec.stro

2、ngd.secret4 you should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughlya.spreadb.mixedc.beatend.covered5 the industrial revolution modified the whole structure of english society，a.destroyedb.brokec.smashedd.changed6 tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.a.postedb.sentc

3、.givend.handed7 the change in that village was miraculous.a.conservativeb.amazingc.insignificantd.unforgettable8 customers often defer payment for as long as possiblea.makeb.demandc.postponed.obtain9 canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.a.banb.removec.eliminated.expel10 she re

4、ad a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset.a.declaresb.assertsc. describesd.announces11 from my standpoint， this thing is just ridiculousa.fieldb.point of viewc.knowledged.information12 the latest census is encouraginga.statementb.assessmentc.evaluationd.count13 the curious looks from the st

5、rangers around her made her feel uneasya.differentb.proudc.uncomfortabled.unconscious14 reading the job ad， he wondered whether he was eligible， to apply for ita.ableb.fortunatec.qualifiedd.competent15 he was elevated to the post of prime minister.a.pulledb.promotedc.liftedd.treated第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1622題，

6、每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提 供的是正確信息，請選擇a；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇b；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇c.monarch without a kingdomthis november， a hundred million butterflies will drop from the sky over mexico， like autumn leaves. but for how long？ genetically modified maize （玉米） could mean extinction for t

7、his beautiful butterfly， rafael ruiz reports.although its body is about 3 cm long and it only weighs 1 gin， the monarch butterfly manages to travel 5，000 km each year. it seems to be so fragile， but its long journeys are proof of its amazing ability to survive. this autumn， the monarch butterfly wil

8、l once more set out on its journey from the us. it will keep going until it reaches mexico. it travels these huge distances to escape the cold weather in the north.in november， millions of monarchs fall like bright， golden rain onto the forests in the mountains of central mexico. in the silence of t

9、hese mountains you can hear a strange flapping （拍動） of wings， as the monarchs arrive at their destination. in the mountains， which reach a height of 3，000 metres， the butterflies are safe.before reaching their journeys end they have faced strong winds， rain and snowstorms and they do not all manage

10、to reach their destination. when the winters are really bad， perhaps 70 per cent of them will not survive. their long journey to mexico is thought to be one of the most amazing events in the whole of the american continent. when they get there they will stay until the beginning of april， when their

11、internal calendar tells them that it is time to go back. the long journey， with all its dangers， begins again.these delicate creatures now face danger of another kind - from scientific progress. in the us， millions of farms grow genetically modified maize which is pure poison for the butterfly. labo

12、ratory experiments have shown that half of the butterflies which feed on the leaves of genetically modified maize die within 48 hours. not all experts agree that this variety of maize is responsible for the threat to the monarchs. in spite of these doubts， the european union has refused to approve n

13、ew crops of genetically modified maize until further investigations have been carried out.greenpeace is campaigning against genetically modified products （in spain， there are already 20，000 hectares of modified maize）。 the environmental organization recently published a list of 100 species of butter

14、fly in europe alone which are threatened with extinction.16 the monarch butterfly travels 5，000 km each year.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned17 the monarch butterfly looks fragile.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned18 the mexicans like butterflies very much.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned19 in bad winters， abo

15、ut 70 per cent of the butterflies can stay alivea.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned20 in early april， the butterflies leave their winter homes flying back northa.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned21 genetically modified maize isnt poisonous to the butterflies.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned22 genetically modified

16、products are not popular in mexicoa.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第2330題，每 題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：（1）第2326題要求從所給的6個選項中為第25段每段1選擇個最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第2730題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。the science of sport1 at the 2004 olympic games in athens， the chinese athlete liu xiang equaled the world record for the

17、 110 metres hurdles （跨欄） when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds.this record time had been set in 1993 by british sprinter （短跑運(yùn)動員） colin jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast.2 record-breaking in all track events is slowing clown and we appear to be moving much clo

18、ser to the limits of human performance. nevertheless， every four years， records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. so whats behind this never-ending improvement in performance？ and how long can we keep breaking records？ is there a limit to human performance or will athletes c

19、ontinue to gain seconds？3 most experts agree that it isnt the athletes bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. the individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed， but the help o

20、f science and technology can be significant. research has brought a better understanding of the athletes body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance.4 scientists have shown that an athletes bodys needs vary according to the typ

21、e of sport. this research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. running the marathon and cycling， for example， are endurance （耐力） sports and require a different parathion （硝苯硫磷脂） to that of a 100-metre sprinter. in some sports， chan

22、ges in techniques have significantly improved performance.5 but in any sport， a players success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance for exam

23、ple， the english football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. before a difficult match， tennis players are encouraged to use visualization （想象） techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice.6 but as scie

24、nce begins to dominate sport， are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition， the sporting challenge？ whats more， are all these advantages fair？23 paragraph 2 . 24 paragraph 3 .25 paragraph 4 .26 paragraph 5 .a.different sports require different training programs.b.science may be t

25、oo important today.c.sports equipment has been improved a lot.d.athletes are still breaking records.e.sport science helps improve athletes performances.f.mental training is as important as physical training.27 it is more difficult for todays athletes28 we dont know if there is a limit29 research has

26、 helped coaches30 scientific advances are suspecteda.to avoid psychological techniquesb.to break recordsc.to better understand the athletes body and mindd.to time and spacee.to be replacing the sporting challengef.to human performance第4部分：閱讀理解（第3145題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題定1個最佳選項。第一篇is t

27、he tie a necessity？ties， or neckties， have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in britain for centuries. but the casual prime minister tony blair has problems with them. reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. so， are the famously formal british really going to aband

28、on the neckties？maybe. last week， the uks cabinet secretary andrew turnbull openly welcomed a tieless era. he hinted that civil servants would soon be tree of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives.in fact， blair showed this attitude when he had his first guests to a

29、 cocktail party. many of them were celebrities （知名人士） without ties， which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past.for some more conservative british， the tie is a must for proper appearance. earlier， labor leader jim callaghan said he would have died rather than have his children seen i

30、n public without a tie. for people like callaghan， the tile was a sign of being complete， of showing respect. men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church， to work in the office， to a party - almost every social occasion.but today， people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal o

31、ccasions.the origin of the tie is tricky. it started as something called simply a “band”。 the term could mean anything around a mans neck. it appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. their neckwear （頸飾）impressed charles ii， the king of englan

32、d who was exiled（流放）to france at that time. when he returned to england in 1660， he brought this new fashion item along with him.it wasnt， however， until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful， flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known as the tie. then， clubs

33、 military institutions and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearers membership in the late 19th century. after that， the tie became a necessary item of clothing for british gentlemen.but now， even gentlemen are getting tired of ties. anyway， the day feels a bit easier

34、when you wake up without having to decide which tie suits you and your mood.31 the tie symbolizes all of the following excepta.respectb.elegancec.politenessd.democracy32 why does blair sometimes show up in a formal event without a tie？a.because he wants to make a showb.because he wants to attract at

35、tention.c.because ties are costly.d.because he wants to live in a casual way.33 which of the following is not a social occasion？a.going to church.b.going to work in the office.c.staying at home.d.going to a party.34 who brought the frenchmens neckwear to britain？a.tony blair.b.charles ll.c.jim calla

36、ghan.d.andrew turnbull.35 when did british gentlemen begin to wear ties regularly？a.after the late 19th century.b.in the 1630s.c.in 1660.d.in the late 18th century.第二篇 where have all the frogs gone？in the 1980s， scientists around the world began to notice something strange： frogs were disappearing.

37、more recent research has shown that many kinds of amphibians （兩棲動物） are declining or have become extinct. they have been around for a long time - over 350 million years. why are they dying out now？scientists are seriously concerned about this question. first of all， amphibians are an important sourc

38、e of scientific and medical knowledge. by studying amphibians， scientists have learned about new substances that could be very useful for treating human diseases. further research could lead to many more discoveries， but that will be impossible if the amphibians disappear.the most serious aspect of

39、amphibian loss， however， goes beyond the amphibians themselves. scientists are beginning to think about what amphibian decline means for the planet as a whole. if the earth is becoming unlivable for amphibians， is it also becoming unlivable for other kinds of animals and human beings as well？scienti

40、sts now believe that amphibian decline is due to several environmental factors. one of these factors is the destruction of habitat， the natural area where an animal lives. amphibians are very sensitive to changes in their habitat. if they cannot find the right conditions， they will not lay their egg

41、s. these days， as wild areas are covered with houses， roads， farms， or factories， many kinds of amphibians are no longer laying eggs. for example， the arroyo toad （蟾蜍） of southern california will only lay its eggs on the sandy bottom of a slow-moving stream. there are very few streams left in southe

42、rn california， and those streams are often muddy because of building projects. not surprisingly， the arroyo toad is now in danger of extinction.there are a number of other factors in amphibian decline. pollution is one of them. in many industrial areas， air pollution has poisoned the rain， which the

43、n falls on ponds and kills the frogs and toads that live there. in farming areas， the heavy use of chemicals on crops has also killed off amphibians. another factor is that air pollution has led to increased levels of ultraviolet （uv） light. this endangers amphibians， which seem to be especially sen

44、sitive to uv light. and finally， scientists have discovered a new disease that seems to be killing many species of amphibians in different parts of the world.all these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good reasons for more general concern. the destruction of land， the pollution o

45、f the air and the water， the changes in our atmosphere， the spread of diseases - these factors affect human beings， too. amphibians are especially sensitive to environmental change. perhaps they are like the canary （金絲雀） bird that coal miners once used to take down into the mines to detect poisonous

46、 gases. when the canary became ill or died， the miners knew that dangerous gases were near and their own lives were in danger.36 losing amphibians means losinga.knowledge about fatal human diseases.b.knowledge about air and water pollution.c.a chance to discover new medicines.d.an opportunity to det

47、ect poisonous gases.37 amphibians lay their eggsa.in any stream they can find，b.in places without uv light，c.only on sand.d.only in the right conditions38 the arroyo toad is disappearing becausea.it has been threatened by frogs.b.it is losing its habitat.c.a disease has been killing its eggs.d.it ca

48、nt bear the cold of winter.39 coal miners once used the canary bird to detecta.poisonous gases.b.air pollution.c.water leakage.d.radiation.40 scientists think that the decline of amphibians coulda.cause environmental change.b.cause a decline in other kinds of animals.c.be a warning signal for human

49、beings.d.be a good sign for human beings.第三篇controlling robots with the mindbelle， our tiny monkey， was seated in her special chair inside a chamber at our duke university lab. her right hand grasped a joystick （操縱桿） as she watched a horizontal series of lights on a display panel. she knew that if a

50、 light suddenly shone and she moved the joystick left or right to correspond to its position， she would be sent a drop of fruit juice into her mouth.belle wore a cap glued to her head. under it were four plastic connectors， which fed arrays of microwires-each wire finer than the finest sewing thread

51、- into different regions of belles motor cortex （腦皮層）， tile brain tissue that plans movements and sends instructions. each of the 100 microwires lay beside a single motor neuron （神經(jīng)元）。 when a neuron produced an electrical discharge， the adjacent microwire would capture the current and send it up thr

52、ough a small wiring bundle that ran from belles cap to a box of electronics on a table next to the booth. the box， in turn， was linked to two computers， one next door and the other half a country away.after months of hard work， we were about to test the idea that we could reliablytranslate the raw e

53、lectrical activity in a living beings brain-belles mere thoughts-into signals that could direct the actions of a robot. we had assembled a multijointed robot arm in this room， away from belles view， which she would control for the first time. as soon as belles brain sensed a lit spot on the panel， e

54、lectronics in the box running two real-time mathematical models would rapidly analyze the tiny action potentials produced by her brain cells. our lab computer would convert the electrical patterns into instructions that would direct the robot arm. six hundred miles north， in cambridge， mass， a diffe

55、rent computer would produce the same actions in another robot arm built by mandayam a. srinivasan. if we had done everything correctly， the two robot arms would behave as belles arm did， at exactly the same time.finally the moment came. we randomly switched on lights in front of belle， and she immed

56、iately moved her joystick back and forth to correspond to them. our robot arm moved similarly to belles real arm. so did sriniwlsans. belle and the robots moved in synchrony （同步）， like dancers choreographed （設(shè)計舞蹈動作） by the electrical impulses sparking in belles mind.in the two years since that day， our labs and several others have advanced neuroscience， computer science and microelectronics to create ways for rats， monkeys and eventually humans to control mechanical and electronic machines purely by “thinking through，” or imagining， the motions. our