GPS控制測量技術(shù)總結(jié)

1、四川路橋集團(tuán)敘永至古藺高速公路A合同段第四分部 控制測量技術(shù)總結(jié)A合同段第四分部二0一三年七月二十一日目錄1概述1.1工程概況1.2 技術(shù)規(guī)范1.3 技術(shù)依據(jù)2測量實(shí)施2.1 測量準(zhǔn)備2.2 控制點(diǎn)選點(diǎn)2.3 控制點(diǎn)埋設(shè)2.4、數(shù)據(jù)采集2.5、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸2.6、預(yù)處理2.7、基線解算2.8、GPS網(wǎng)平差3提交資料附件1 控制點(diǎn)成果表附件2 控制點(diǎn)示意圖附件3 平差報(bào)告附件4 控制點(diǎn)點(diǎn)之記附件5 GPS觀測手薄四川路橋集團(tuán)敘永至古藺高速公路A合同段第四分部控制測量技術(shù)總結(jié)1、 概述1.1、工程概況 敘永（震東）至古藺（二郎）高速公路A合同段第四分部地處德耀鎮(zhèn)集美村四組至德耀鎮(zhèn)集美村1組之間,里程為

2、K9+670K15+819,全長6146米。該段地形屬于盆周山區(qū)向云貴高原北部過度地帶,整個區(qū)域內(nèi)地形復(fù)雜、山勢陡峭、溝谷縱橫。標(biāo)段范圍內(nèi)有橋梁、路基、隧道、涵洞等工程,為了方便以后施工需要依據(jù)業(yè)主提供的已知控制點(diǎn)在標(biāo)段范圍內(nèi)布設(shè)施工控制網(wǎng)。范圍內(nèi)大部分為水田旱地,呈臺階狀,大部分控制點(diǎn)只能布設(shè)于旱地田埂邊。測區(qū)范圍內(nèi)只有有一條土質(zhì)機(jī)耕道貫穿,機(jī)耕道路面窄,路面質(zhì)量差,交通不方便；另外由于地形復(fù)雜為測量選點(diǎn)增加了難度,測量通視條件較差,因此不宜采用導(dǎo)線測量和三角測量,宜采用GPS靜態(tài)測量進(jìn)行首級控制測量。整個標(biāo)段呈帶狀分布,里程較短,面積較小,可以視作平面,對控制點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了三維無約束平差、二維約

3、束平差和高程擬合。1.2、技術(shù)規(guī)范全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）測量規(guī)范 (GB/T 18314-2009)公路全球定位系統(tǒng)( GPS) 測量規(guī)范（JTJ_T_066-1998）1.3、技術(shù)依據(jù) 根據(jù)業(yè)主提供的G09、G10、T55-1、T55-3進(jìn)行GPS控制測量,其中G09、G10、T55-3在解算時將平面坐標(biāo)和高程一并帶入解算,T55-1則只將平面坐標(biāo)帶入解算。平面坐標(biāo)系為業(yè)主提供的工程坐標(biāo)系（北京54坐標(biāo)系、中央子午線為105°、投影面高程0米）,高程基準(zhǔn)為1985年國家高程基準(zhǔn)。 根據(jù)要求,本次GPS靜態(tài)控制測量的首級控制為四級GPS控制測量,然后根據(jù)首級控制點(diǎn)利用RTK技術(shù)采集施

4、工控制點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)和高程,采集施工控制點(diǎn)時不少于30秒。2、 測量實(shí)施2.1、測量準(zhǔn)備 1、人員配備測量技術(shù)員4人,路橋隧技術(shù)員4人,中海達(dá)HGO平差軟件。2、儀器設(shè)備 中海達(dá)導(dǎo)航技術(shù)公司的華星A8共2套5臺,2臺工作用車,控制點(diǎn)樁位開挖及埋設(shè)工具。2.2 控制點(diǎn)選點(diǎn) A合同段第四分部范圍內(nèi)水田、旱地較多,且地勢陡峭,選點(diǎn)難度較大,均按照下列要求進(jìn)行選點(diǎn)：1、 每2公里至少要有2個GPS點(diǎn)通視；2、 控制點(diǎn)點(diǎn)位有利于采用其它測量方法擴(kuò)展和聯(lián)測；3、 點(diǎn)位應(yīng)選在基礎(chǔ)穩(wěn)定,并易于長期保存的地點(diǎn)。4、 點(diǎn)位要便于安置GPS接收設(shè)備和全站儀操作,視野開闊,視場內(nèi)沒有高度角大于15°的成片障礙物,

5、否則應(yīng)繪制點(diǎn)位環(huán)視圖；5、 點(diǎn)位附近沒有強(qiáng)烈干擾衛(wèi)星信號接收的物體。點(diǎn)位距大功率無線電發(fā)射源（如電視臺、微波站等）的距離應(yīng)不小于400m；距220Kv以上電力線路的距離應(yīng)不小于50m；6、 點(diǎn)位應(yīng)利于公路勘測放線與施工放樣,且距路線中心線不宜小于50m,并不大于300m。對于大型橋梁、互通式立交、隧道等還要考慮加密布設(shè)控制網(wǎng)的要求。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場地形及沿線工程分布特征,共布設(shè)首級控制點(diǎn)16個,施工控制點(diǎn)8個。2.3、控制點(diǎn)埋設(shè) 按照業(yè)主的要求共布設(shè)了首級控制點(diǎn)16個,施工控制點(diǎn)8個,均用開挖工具現(xiàn)場開挖成型,然后現(xiàn)場用混凝土澆筑而成?；炷翗渡喜繛?0×30cm,下部為40×40

6、cm,長50cm,其中心點(diǎn)位置用刻有十字標(biāo)記的16鋼筋進(jìn)行標(biāo)識,鋼筋長45cm,具體形狀見下圖。2.4、數(shù)據(jù)采集 4個已知控制點(diǎn),16個首級控制點(diǎn),共20點(diǎn),投入4臺GPS,每次測量4個點(diǎn),一個時段完成后移動2臺GPS到下面待測量控制點(diǎn)上,依次類推。每次測量時間至少60分鐘。采集的數(shù)據(jù)則自動記錄在GPS接收機(jī)的內(nèi)存模塊里；在測量時測量技術(shù)員需記錄每站的起止時間以及量取天線斜高,同時現(xiàn)場填寫點(diǎn)之記及GPS測量手薄。2.5、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸 在測量的當(dāng)天晚上,用專用數(shù)據(jù)線將GPS接收機(jī)和計(jì)算機(jī)連接,將存儲在GPS內(nèi)存模塊里靜態(tài)測量數(shù)據(jù)文件拷貝至計(jì)算機(jī),并根據(jù)儀器編號命名并存儲。2.6、預(yù)處理 將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)?/p>

7、計(jì)算機(jī)時確定數(shù)據(jù)文件格式為中海達(dá)導(dǎo)航專用數(shù)據(jù)格式ZHD,然后將所有數(shù)據(jù)文件導(dǎo)入中海達(dá)HGO平差軟件中并輸入每站的站名及天線斜高。2.7、基線解算在基線解算時要先剔除觀測時信號間斷引起的數(shù)據(jù),星座變化引起整周未知數(shù)增加的數(shù)據(jù)。待基線向量檢查合格后再進(jìn)行基線向量網(wǎng)平差。2.8、GPS網(wǎng)平差 平差后求得各GPS點(diǎn)之間的相對坐標(biāo)差、高程差,加上基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)高程,求得各GPS點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)以及高程。具體計(jì)算參數(shù)及誤差分析詳見附件3平差報(bào)告。3、提交資料：技術(shù)總結(jié)1份 附件1 控制點(diǎn)成果表點(diǎn)號XYH點(diǎn)之記G093106056.343 563184.921 1101.921 混凝土樁G103105492.187

8、563495.186 1098.598 混凝土樁GF13105669.783 563602.732 1060.232 混凝土樁GF23105737.354 563763.919 1035.167 混凝土樁GF33105521.322 564198.476 1029.010 混凝土樁GF43105628.942 564441.695 1018.012 混凝土樁GF53105538.329 564729.216 1025.509 混凝土樁GF63105581.376 565152.784 1008.891 混凝土樁GF73105593.659 565658.958 964.337 混凝土樁GF83

9、105443.671 565921.716 970.102 混凝土樁GF93105443.410 566273.277 947.646 混凝土樁GF103105470.285 566924.535 940.589 混凝土樁GF113105293.117 567173.135 970.880 混凝土樁GF123105696.987 567448.567 852.783 混凝土樁GF133105550.943 567870.821 929.626 混凝土樁GF143105428.098 568554.215 1046.183 混凝土樁GF153105203.750 568892.119 951.2

10、56 混凝土樁GF163105463.275 569716.208 813.657 混凝土樁T55-13106152.998 569666.502 717.090 刻石T55-33105683.494 570133.622 725.356 混凝土樁附件2 控制點(diǎn)示意圖附件3 平差報(bào)告敘古高速A合同段第四分部 GPS控制網(wǎng)平差報(bào)告1 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng) 1.1 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)名稱 北京541.2 基準(zhǔn)參數(shù) 橢球長半軸a6378245.0000橢球扁率f1/298.300000001.3 投影參數(shù) M0=1.00000000投影比率H=0.0000投影高Bm=0投影面的平均緯度B0=0:00:00.00N原點(diǎn)緯度

11、L0=105:00:00.00E中央子午線N0=0.0000北向加常數(shù)E0=500000.0000東向加常數(shù)2 三維無約束平差 2.1 平差參數(shù) 基準(zhǔn)WGS-84迭代次數(shù)2參考因子9.52自由度992.2 自由網(wǎng)平差坐標(biāo) 站點(diǎn)緯度/中誤差經(jīng)度/中誤差高程/中誤差中誤差(度:分:秒)(m)(度:分:秒)(m)(m)(m)G0928:04:00.29978N0.0016105:38:35.04713E0.00191069.28370.00320.0040G1028:03:41.92441N0.0015105:38:46.29764E0.00161065.98820.00260.0033GF128:

12、03:47.67358N0.0014105:38:50.26990E0.00131027.61420.00210.0028GF1028:03:40.60648N0.0011105:40:51.85124E0.0011907.99420.00220.0027GF1128:03:34.80722N0.0011105:41:00.91677E0.0010938.29500.00200.0025GF1228:03:47.87386N0.0011105:41:11.08410E0.0010820.18020.00200.0025GF1328:03:43.05320N0.0021105:41:26.513

13、89E0.0016897.03120.00310.0041GF1428:03:38.93706N0.0015105:41:51.50898E0.00121013.59640.00240.0030GF1528:03:31.58775N0.0017105:42:03.83326E0.0016918.68190.00280.0036GF1628:03:39.86174N0.0017105:42:34.05963E0.0016781.07380.00290.0037GF228:03:49.84032N0.0013105:38:56.18470E0.00131002.54690.00210.0028GF

14、328:03:42.74861N0.0012105:39:12.05300E0.0012996.40200.00200.0026GF428:03:46.20153N0.0012105:39:20.97913E0.0011985.39950.00190.0025GF528:03:43.20821N0.0011105:39:31.48832E0.0010992.90190.00180.0023GF628:03:44.53173N0.0011105:39:47.00493E0.0011976.28340.00180.0023GF728:03:44.84089N0.0011105:40:05.5399

15、6E0.0011931.73140.00180.0024GF828:03:39.92269N0.0010105:40:15.13007E0.0009937.50450.00160.0021GF928:03:39.85124N0.0010105:40:28.00160E0.0009915.05010.00160.0021T55-128:04:02.27198N0.0018105:42:32.38668E0.0017684.47460.00330.0041T55-328:03:46.93475N0.0018105:42:49.38929E0.0017692.76460.00310.00393 二維

16、約束平差 3.1 平差參數(shù) 迭代次數(shù)3參考因子26.6037x(north)平移-2.5559 my(east)平移-31.3128 m比例1.0001241356m旋轉(zhuǎn)1.4666 s3.2 平面距離平差值 起點(diǎn)止點(diǎn)北向(x)/中誤差東向(y)/中誤差平距中誤差相對誤差(m)(m)(m)(m)GF2G10-245.16650.0022-268.73330.0024363.76390.00331: 110306GF3-216.03190.0027434.55630.0023485.29270.00361: 136164GF6GF3-60.05470.0029-954.30840.0023956

17、.19620.00371: 255258GF712.28220.0034506.17350.0033506.32250.00471: 106853GF9GF7150.24820.0032-614.31910.0028632.42580.00421: 149510GF12253.57680.00341175.29000.00261202.33430.00431: 279593GF14GF12268.88880.0041-1105.64800.00281137.87460.00491: 230852GF1635.17710.00331161.99350.00331162.52580.00471:

18、248448T55-3GF16-220.21860.0021-417.41380.0020471.94340.00291: 163109GF2G09318.98950.0022-578.99830.0024661.05480.00331: 200163GF4-108.41110.0026677.77520.0022686.39070.00341: 201845GF6GF447.56610.0028-711.08960.0022712.67870.00361: 198569GF8-137.70580.0027768.93140.0026781.16480.00371: 209865GF9GF80

19、.26010.0029-351.56120.0026351.56130.00391: 89602GF11-150.29340.0033899.85830.0025912.32290.00411: 220263GF14GF11-134.98140.0042-1381.07970.00281387.66030.00511: 274248GF15-224.34790.0033337.90450.0033405.60010.00461: 87239T55-3GF15-479.74360.0024-1241.50270.00221330.97070.00331: 405824GF2GF1-67.5707

20、0.0021-161.18760.0020174.77770.00291: 60284GF6GF5-43.04730.0021-423.56780.0019425.74960.00281: 149687GF9GF1026.87490.0031651.25780.0026651.81210.00401: 161464GF14GF13122.84470.0058-683.39330.0038694.34660.00691: 100034T55-3T55-1469.50400.0004-467.12000.0004662.29530.00051: 1257322G10G09564.15600.000

21、3-310.26500.0003643.84500.00041: 1716420GF3GF4107.62080.0020243.21880.0018265.96550.00271: 97673GF7GF8-149.98800.0029262.75790.0028302.55270.00401: 75334GF12GF11-403.87020.0031-275.43170.0021488.84950.00381: 129715GF16GF15-259.52500.0026-824.08890.0026863.98830.00371: 235832G10GF1177.59570.0023107.5

22、4570.0025207.62060.00341: 61593GF3GF1148.46110.0027-595.74400.0024613.96380.00361: 169905GF517.00740.0028530.74070.0022531.01310.00361: 147172GF7GF5-55.32950.0034-929.74130.0032931.38620.00471: 198503GF10-123.37320.00381265.57680.00361271.57610.00521: 243076GF12GF10-226.70190.0035-524.03230.0027570.

23、96720.00441: 128691GF13-146.04420.0061422.25470.0037446.79740.00711: 62557GF16GF1387.66760.0062-1845.38680.00461847.46800.00771: 239500T55-1689.72260.0021-49.70620.0020691.51140.00291: 238114G09GF1-386.56030.0023417.81070.0025569.20530.00341: 168580GF4GF140.84030.0026-838.96280.0023839.95630.00351:

24、238638GF5-90.61340.0028287.52180.0022301.46240.00351: 85433GF8GF594.65850.0028-1192.49920.00261196.25020.00381: 316906GF1026.61480.00351002.81890.00331003.17210.00481: 209869GF11GF10177.16830.0035-248.60050.0027305.27170.00441: 69560GF13257.82600.0062697.68640.0037743.80150.00721: 102808GF15T55-1949

25、.24760.0024774.38270.00221225.04680.00331: 3729813.3 平面坐標(biāo) 站點(diǎn)北向(x)/中誤差(m)東向(y)/中誤差(m)中誤差(m)誤差橢圓E(m)F(m)ET(度:分:秒)G093106056.3430*563184.9210*G103105492.1870*563495.1860*GF13105669.78270.0023563602.73170.00250.00340.00250.002369:56:32GF103105470.28530.0046566924.53450.00400.00610.00470.0039161:29:59GF1

26、13105293.11700.0045567173.13500.00370.00580.00460.0036169:45:18GF123105696.98720.0044567448.56670.00370.00570.00450.0036163:03:31GF133105550.94300.0062567870.82140.00450.00770.00630.0044166:40:25GF143105428.09830.0034568554.21470.00320.00470.00350.0031145:52:23GF153105203.75040.0024568892.11930.00220.00330.00250.0021149:04:12GF163105463.27540.0021569716.20820.00200.00290.00220.0019139:20:09GF23105737.35350.0022563763.91930.00240.00330.00250.002271:24:37GF33105521.32160.0031564198.47570.00300.00430.00310.002926:18:05GF43105628.94240.0030564441.69450.00290.00410.0030