必修2 unit5 知識點.

1、folk: n. 人們，家人人們，家人(pl.)，雙親，雙親(pl.)；大伙兒；大伙兒(pl.)； adj.民間的，通俗的民間的，通俗的 folk dance 民族舞蹈，土風(fēng)舞民族舞蹈，土風(fēng)舞 folk music 民間音樂民間音樂 folk singer 民歌手，民謠歌手民歌手，民謠歌手 folk song 民歌，民謠民歌，民謠Some folk/folks are too shy to speak in front of people.I am going home to see my folks.我打算回家看望我的父母。我打算回家看望我的父母。Well, folks, shall we

2、go out this afternoon? 唔唔,各位各位,今天下午我們出去嗎今天下午我們出去嗎?young folk/ fisher folk / farming folk年輕人年輕人/漁民漁民/ 農(nóng)民農(nóng)民match: n.對手；火柴；比賽；相似對手；火柴；比賽；相似/相配之物相配之物 v.相配；和相配；和.相配；相一致；較量相配；相一致；較量 a box of matches strike a match a basketball matchThe blue shirt and gray tie are a good match.藍(lán)襯衫和灰色領(lǐng)帶很相稱。藍(lán)襯衫和灰色領(lǐng)帶很相稱。 That

3、 shirt is a perfect match for your blue skirt.That shirt and your blue skirt are a perfect match.那件襯衫和你的藍(lán)裙子完全相配。那件襯衫和你的藍(lán)裙子完全相配。Im ready to match my strength against yours. 我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好與你我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好與你較量較量力氣。力氣。The carpets should match the curtains.Your tie should match your shirt.你的領(lǐng)帶要與襯衫相配。你的領(lǐng)帶要與襯衫相配。The two p

4、ieces of furniture dont match. 那兩件家具不搭配。那兩件家具不搭配。You cant match him in knowledge of wild plants.在對野生植物的了解方面在對野生植物的了解方面,你無法與他相比。你無法與他相比。No one can match Holden when it comes to winning an argument.Match the animal pictures to the correct sounds.把動物圖片與正確的聲音相配對。把動物圖片與正確的聲音相配對。 match 和和相匹配；和相匹配；和相稱相稱 su

5、it 指花色，款式，口味，性格，條件，時間、地位等適合指花色，款式，口味，性格，條件，時間、地位等適合 fit 大小形狀適合大小形狀適合 eg. Roses clothes and hat dont match. 羅絲的衣服和帽子不協(xié)調(diào)。羅絲的衣服和帽子不協(xié)調(diào)。 eg. Does the time suit you? 這個時間對你合適嗎？這個時間對你合適嗎？ eg. The new shoes fit me well. 這雙鞋我穿著合適。這雙鞋我穿著合適。roll v 打滾，轉(zhuǎn)動，使搖擺打滾，轉(zhuǎn)動，使搖擺eg. The donkey rolled on the ground n 卷，卷軸卷，卷

6、軸 a roll of一卷roll over 打滾，翻身打滾，翻身 roll in 滾滾而來滾滾而來The waves rolled in to the beach.波浪滾滾涌上海灘。She is rolling in money.她非常有錢。roll up 卷起卷起;到達(dá)；出現(xiàn)到達(dá)；出現(xiàn) Rolling up his trousers, he worked with the others in the fields.We rolled up to the front porch.我們坐車抵達(dá)前門廊。 roll by 逝去，流逝逝去，流逝The years rolled by.歲月流逝。 dr

7、eam of =dream about 夢想；夢見；設(shè)想夢想；夢見；設(shè)想eg. When she was a little girl, she dream of becoming a dancer. dream that 夢想夢想;夢見夢見 dream a dream 做了做了的夢的夢 dream sth away 虛度（時間）；夢一樣的過日子虛度（時間）；夢一樣的過日子 dream sth up 憑空想出；虛擬出憑空想出；虛擬出 ones dream has come true. =one has realized his/her dream.某人夢想成真。某人夢想成真。eg. I neve

8、r dreamed that I would see you again. 我沒有想到會再次見到你。我沒有想到會再次見到你。單詞拓展：單詞拓展：dreamer n 夢想家，空想家夢想家，空想家 dreamland n 夢境，幻想世界夢境，幻想世界dreamless adj 無夢的無夢的 dreamlike adj 如夢的，夢幻的如夢的，夢幻的pretend v 自詡，自認(rèn)為（常用于否定句和疑問句中）自詡，自認(rèn)為（常用于否定句和疑問句中） eg. I dont pretend that I know much about the subject. 我不認(rèn)為我對這個主題很了解。我不認(rèn)為我對這個主題

9、很了解。 假裝假裝 that clause 假裝假裝 to do sth 假裝做某事假裝做某事Pretend + to be doing sth 假裝正在做某事假裝正在做某事 to have done sth 假裝已經(jīng)做了某事假裝已經(jīng)做了某事 sth 假裝假裝eg. Several young men pretended to be policemen, but were caught at last. 幾個年輕人假裝是警察，最后被抓了。幾個年輕人假裝是警察，最后被抓了。eg. When I came in, he pretended to be typing. 我進來時他假裝正在打字。我進來

10、時他假裝正在打字。eg. My parents pretend not to have known the result yet. 我父母假裝還不知道結(jié)果。我父母假裝還不知道結(jié)果。類似用法：類似用法：seem/appear/happento be honest 說實在的，坦白的說（用作插入語，多用于句首）說實在的，坦白的說（用作插入語，多用于句首） be honest with sb 對某人說實話對某人說實話 be honest about sth 對某事持誠實的態(tài)度對某事持誠實的態(tài)度 be honest in doing sth 在做某事方面誠實在做某事方面誠實eg. Im quite ho

11、nest with you. 我對你說的是實話我對你說的是實話. You should be honest about why you want the money. 你應(yīng)該坦率地說為什么要這些錢。你應(yīng)該坦率地說為什么要這些錢。 插入語：插入語： to be frank 坦白的說坦白的說 =frankly speaking to be frank with you 對你說實話對你說實話 to tell you the truth 說實話說實話 =to be honest/honestly speaking generally speaking 一般來說一般來說attach to sth. 認(rèn)為

12、有（重要性，責(zé)任等）認(rèn)為有（重要性，責(zé)任等） importance 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為重要重要 significance to sth 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為有意義有意義 attach value 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為有價值有價值 weight 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為有分量有分量We should attach importance to reading comprehension.我們必須重視閱讀理解。我們必須重視閱讀理解。 You should attach importance to what he said.你必須重視他所說的話你必須重視他所說的話. 附上，貼上，系上附上，貼上，系上attach sth to sth 把某物固定在或附

13、在某物上把某物固定在或附在某物上He attached labels to his luggage.Attach a stamp to the envelop and mail it.The flag is attached to a pole. He attached his signature to the contract.他在合同書上簽字。他在合同書上簽字。 be attached to附屬于；喜歡；迷戀附屬于；喜歡；迷戀This institute is attached to the University of Texas.這個研究所附屬于德州大學(xué)。這個研究所附屬于德州大學(xué)。The

14、 hospital is attached to that university.I am attached to spoken English.He attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him. 在聚會上他總是纏著我，我簡直無法擺脫他。在聚會上他總是纏著我，我簡直無法擺脫他。He attached himself to the university where he worked nearly thirty years.他對那所大學(xué)依依不舍他對那所大學(xué)依依不舍,因為他在那里工作了差不多因為他在那里工作了差不

15、多30年。年。attach to sb/sth 與某人與某人/某事物有關(guān)聯(lián)某事物有關(guān)聯(lián) No blame attaches to him for the accident.此次意外不應(yīng)怪罪于他。此次意外不應(yīng)怪罪于他。form vt.vi. 形成，構(gòu)成；養(yǎng)成，想出，培養(yǎng)形成，構(gòu)成；養(yǎng)成，想出，培養(yǎng) n. 形狀，外形；表格形狀，外形；表格 form the habit of 養(yǎng)成養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣的習(xí)慣 fill (in) the form 填表格填表格 in the form of 以以的形式的形式 in (good) form 情況良好情況良好,健康狀況良好健康狀況良好 in (bad) form 情

16、況不好情況不好 be out of form 處于不良狀態(tài)處于不良狀態(tài) take the form of 采取采取的形式，以的形式，以的形式呈現(xiàn)的形式呈現(xiàn)單詞拓展：單詞拓展：formal adj 正式的，形式的正式的，形式的 informal adj 非正式的非正式的formally adv 形式地，正式地形式地，正式地 formless adj 無規(guī)定形式的無規(guī)定形式的former adj 以前的，前者的以前的，前者的 latter n. adj. 后者后者earn vt. 掙錢；獲得，贏得掙錢；獲得，贏得,博得博得earnings n. 薪水，工資薪水，工資earn money=make

17、money 掙錢掙錢earn ones/a living=make ones/a living 謀生謀生Edison earned his living by selling newspapers when he was young.She earns a good salary. His achievements earned respect and admiration for him.他的成就使他受人尊敬和欽佩。他的成就使他受人尊敬和欽佩。His fair dealing earned our confidence.他待人公正他待人公正,贏得了我們的信任。贏得了我們的信任。medical

18、 instruments 醫(yī)療儀器醫(yī)療儀器 musical instruments 樂器樂器perform vt. vi. 上演，扮演；完成，做，履行，實行；運轉(zhuǎn)，上演，扮演；完成，做，履行，實行；運轉(zhuǎn)， 表現(xiàn)正常功能表現(xiàn)正常功能performance n. 上演，實行，履行；成果，成績上演，實行，履行；成果，成績performer n. 表演者，演奏者，行為者表演者，演奏者，行為者 perform a part in a play 在劇中扮演角色在劇中扮演角色 perform ones promise 履行諾言履行諾言 perform ones duty 盡職責(zé)盡職責(zé) perform an

19、operation 做手術(shù)做手術(shù) perform an experiment 做實驗做實驗give /put on a performance 舉行一場演出舉行一場演出 Most students performed very poorly even though they had taken the test before. 盡管他們參加過這個測試，大多數(shù)學(xué)生還是考的很差。盡管他們參加過這個測試，大多數(shù)學(xué)生還是考的很差。 The pianist gave a fine performance.His performance in the exams was not very good.他考得

20、不很好他考得不很好。He is excellent in the performance of his duties.他的工作表現(xiàn)極為出色。他的工作表現(xiàn)極為出色。in cash用現(xiàn)金用現(xiàn)金 by cheque/check用支票用支票by credit card用信用卡用信用卡合成名詞，將主體詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。若沒有主要名詞，則合成名詞，將主體詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。若沒有主要名詞，則通常在最后一個詞加通常在最后一個詞加s：passer(s)-by（過路人）（過路人） brother(s)-in-law（姐夫）（姐夫）sister(s)-in-law（嫂子）（嫂子） fathers-in-law岳父岳父

21、grown-ups(成年人成年人) letter-boxes (信箱信箱) shoe-makers鞋匠鞋匠 lookers-on 旁觀者旁觀者 go-betweens 中間人，媒人中間人，媒人Play jokes on sb = play a joke on sb play tricks on sb = play a trick on sb 開某人的玩笑，戲弄某人（通常是善意的）開某人的玩笑，戲弄某人（通常是善意的） make fun of sb = laugh at sb 嘲笑某人，取笑某人嘲笑某人，取笑某人有關(guān)有關(guān)joke 的短語：的短語：tell jokes 講笑話講笑話make a j

22、oke /jokes about sth 拿拿開玩笑開玩笑rely on =rely upondepend on =depend uponcount on =count upon 依賴，依靠；信任，信賴依賴，依靠；信任，信賴It (just/all) depends. 那要看情況而定。那要看情況而定。 rely on it that. 相信相信，指望，指望 rely on sb/sth 依賴信賴某人依賴信賴某人rely on sb/sth to do sth 依賴信賴依賴信賴做某事做某事rely on sb/sth doing sth 依賴依賴做某事做某事rely on sb/sth for

23、sth 依賴依賴提供某物提供某物 你可以相信她不會遲到。你可以相信她不會遲到。You may rely on it that she wont be late.=You may rely on her not being late.=You may rely on her not to be late.You may not rely on the weather report.You can rely on him.=He can be relied on.We cant rely on her for help.familiar adj.熟悉的，通曉的；熟知的熟悉的，通曉的；熟知的 be

24、familiar with 熟悉熟悉be familiar to sb. 為某人所熟知為某人所熟知Lucy.通曉英語。通曉英語。Lucy is familiar with English. 我熟悉這首歌。我熟悉這首歌。This song is familiar to me. = I am familiar with this song.or so 大約；左右；上下大約；左右；上下(位于數(shù)詞后）位于數(shù)詞后）大約：大約：about , around , some 位于數(shù)詞之前。位于數(shù)詞之前。It took us half a year or so to complete the project.大

25、約大約5元錢元錢about/ around/ some five yuan = five yuan or so break up 分解，拆開（多指物理變化），破碎分解，拆開（多指物理變化），破碎Sentences can be broken up into clauses.Break up an old ship. When does the ice break up on the river?河里的冰什么時候融化河里的冰什么時候融化?驅(qū)散，解散驅(qū)散，解散The police came and broke up the surrounding people.The meeting broke

26、up.（學(xué)期）結(jié)束，放假；（學(xué)期）結(jié)束，放假；This term has already broken up. When does your school break up? （關(guān)系）毀壞，破壞，結(jié)束，終止，分手（關(guān)系）毀壞，破壞，結(jié)束，終止，分手Their marriage has broken up.What broke up their friendship?break down （機械等）故障，毀壞（機械等）故障，毀壞The bridge/car/telephone broke down.(身體身體)出毛病，健康衰弱出毛病，健康衰弱Your health will break down

27、 if you work too hard.如果你過分辛勞如果你過分辛勞,會把身體搞垮。會把身體搞垮。The old mans health broke down after a serious illness.那位老人生一場大病后那位老人生一場大病后,健康衰退了。健康衰退了。(計劃等計劃等)失敗失敗Our plans have broken down.His plan broke down when it was put into practice because he had not given enough attention to details.（情緒失去控制的）崩潰（情緒失去控制的

28、）崩潰 ，情不自禁地哭起來，情不自禁地哭起來 She broke down at the news of her mothers death.瓦解（多指化學(xué)過程）分解瓦解（多指化學(xué)過程）分解Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。break into 破門而入破門而入; 突然開始（笑、唱）突然開始（笑、唱）break into our housebreak into loud applause爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲break into laughter/tearsbreak in 闖入

29、（闖入（vi 詞組）；插話，打斷詞組）；插話，打斷Dont break in when he is telling the story.We were watching TV when he broke in.break away from 脫離脫離The criminal broke away from the policemen who were holding him.He broke away from his family and has gone to live in Australia.break into pieces 破成碎片破成碎片break ones word/ prom

30、ise 不守諾言，食言不守諾言，食言break through 突破突破The strikers struggled to break through the police line.The sun broke through the clouds.Scientists think they have broken through in their fight against cancer.break out 突然爆發(fā)（突然爆發(fā)（vi 詞組詞組)A fire broke out during the midnight and soon the whole building was in fla

31、mes.break off斷開；折斷斷開；折斷,停頓，中斷停頓，中斷Many branches broke off in the strong wind.Mary broke off some of the chocolate to give to the children.In addition 另外，也另外，也 （可單獨用于句首，（可單獨用于句首， 通常用逗號通常用逗號與句子分開，也可用于句末，不用逗號）與句子分開，也可用于句末，不用逗號）此外，而且：此外，而且：in addition / whats more/moreover/futhermorein addition to =as w

32、ell as; besides 除了除了之外還之外還He likes swimming. In addition, he also likes skating.他喜歡游泳。另外，他也喜歡滑冰。他喜歡游泳。另外，他也喜歡滑冰。In addition to swimming, she likes tennis. 除游泳外，她還喜歡打網(wǎng)球。除游泳外，她還喜歡打網(wǎng)球。in addition to. 除除以外還以外還as well as. 還；既還；既又又；也；也besides. 除除之外之外(包括在內(nèi)包括在內(nèi))；況且；此外；況且；此外except. 除除之外之外(不包括在內(nèi)不包括在內(nèi))except f

33、or. 除除之外之外(強調(diào)美中不足強調(diào)美中不足)except that. 除了除了(后跟從句后跟從句)apart from. 除除之外之外sort out 分類分類 ，整理；解決，整理；解決She spent a whole afternoon sorting out her stamps.她花了整整一個下午整理郵票。她花了整整一個下午整理郵票。If you mix up those papers, it will be difficult for you to sort them out. 如果你弄亂了這些文件如果你弄亂了這些文件, 你將很難將它們分類整理好你將很難將它們分類整理好. He

34、would sort out his own problems, in time.他早晚會解決自己的問題。他早晚會解決自己的問題。拓展：拓展：a sort of 一種一種 a cheap sort of paperall sorts of 各種各樣的各種各樣的sort of =kind of 有幾分，有點（放在修飾的有幾分，有點（放在修飾的v, adj, adv 之前）之前）I sort of thought this might happen.我多少猜到了這件事會發(fā)生。我多少猜到了這件事會發(fā)生。hit n. 受歡迎的事物受歡迎的事物His novel was a great hit.他的小說

35、很受歡迎。他的小說很受歡迎。Your play will surely become a hit.The song is one of the hits of the year.這是今年最受歡迎的歌曲之一。這是今年最受歡迎的歌曲之一。pick out 挑出，辨認(rèn)出挑出，辨認(rèn)出Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall.很容易從人群中辨認(rèn)出他，因為他個子很高。很容易從人群中辨認(rèn)出他，因為他個子很高。 Lets pick out the bad potatoes from the basket. 讓我們把壞掉的土豆從籃子里

36、挑出來讓我們把壞掉的土豆從籃子里挑出來. confident adj 自信的自信的confidence n. about/ of sth 對對有信心有信心 be confident that 對對有信心有信心 in 在在方面充滿信心方面充滿信心他有信心能贏得比賽。他有信心能贏得比賽。He is confident of winning the race.=He is confident that she will win the race.He is confident in his ability to achieve success.他堅信自己有能力取得成功他堅信自己有能力取得成功。與與a

37、bout相連的詞組：相連的詞組：be crazy /curious/ careful/ particular about 對對癡迷癡迷/ 好奇好奇/ 小心小心/ 挑剔挑剔knock into sb. 撞到某人身上，偶遇，撞上撞到某人身上，偶遇，撞上feel down 感到沮喪；情緒消沉感到沮喪；情緒消沉on a tour 在游覽，在參觀在游覽，在參觀 ,在巡回演出在巡回演出brief adj. 暫時的，簡短的暫時的，簡短的 n 摘要，概要摘要，概要總之總之 in brief /in short/ in a/one word all in all / to be brief 簡單說簡單說;扼要地

38、說扼要地說 to be brief with you a brief life 短暫的一生短暫的一生a brief summary of the story 故事的簡略大意故事的簡略大意His explanation was brief and to the point.他的說明既簡潔又切中問題要點。他的說明既簡潔又切中問題要點。 devotion n. 摯愛，關(guān)愛；奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠摯愛，關(guān)愛；奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠(+to sth./to doing sth.)devote .to (doing) sth. vt.be devoted to (doing) sth. adj. His devotion to

39、his wife and family is touching.Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time. an invitation to the party 參加晚會的邀請參加晚會的邀請go wrong 出錯，發(fā)生故障出錯，發(fā)生故障sensitive adj. 敏感的；靈敏的；易受傷害的敏感的；靈敏的；易受傷害的be sensitive to 對對敏感的；對敏感的；對體貼的體貼的be sensitive about 對對神經(jīng)過敏的，易生氣的神經(jīng)過敏的，易生氣的My teeth are really sensiti

40、ve_ hot and cold.我的牙齒對冷熱非常敏感。我的牙齒對冷熱非常敏感。Nurses have to be sensitive _ patients needs.護士必須善于體察病人的需要。護士必須善于體察病人的需要。She is very sensitive _ her weight.她對自己的體重非常的敏感。她對自己的體重非常的敏感。辨析：辨析：sensible adj 明智的，理智的明智的，理智的totoaboutWhat if 如果如果會什么樣？（緊張的態(tài)度）會什么樣？（緊張的態(tài)度） 即使即使又有什么關(guān)系（不在乎的態(tài)度）又有什么關(guān)系（不在乎的態(tài)度）how come? 怎么回事？（表示驚訝）怎么回事？（