畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文翻譯混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)配筋設(shè)計

1、武漢科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)外文翻譯concrete structure reinforcement designsheyanbo wangchenjia foundation engineering co., ltd. heilongjiang dongyu heilongjiang province, east building foundation engineering co., ltd. coal混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)配筋設(shè)計佘艷波 王晨佳基礎(chǔ)工程有限公司黑龍江東宇黑龍江省東建筑地基基礎(chǔ)工程有限公司煤 摘 要 在長期的自然的環(huán)境下使用環(huán)境的功能結(jié)構(gòu)，其功能減弱不可避免地漸漸地，我們的結(jié)構(gòu)工程的責(zé)任不只是

2、必須完成建設(shè)前期項目工作，但必須能夠科學(xué)評價結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞目標(biāo)法律和程度，并采用有效的方法保證結(jié)構(gòu)的安全使用，該結(jié)構(gòu)加固將成為一個重要的工作。什么可以預(yù)見將是21世紀(jì)，人類建筑的混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)等為主另外，現(xiàn)階段我會覺得在結(jié)構(gòu)加固我們這方面的研究也應(yīng)借此作為主要的突破方向。關(guān)鍵詞：混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加固砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)鋼筋結(jié)構(gòu)加固1 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加固 混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的加固分為直接加固，并加強(qiáng)間接兩種，在設(shè)計時可根據(jù)實際條件和使用要求選擇適宜的方法和必要的技術(shù)。1.1 直接加固的一般方法1.1.1 放大段加固法 添加混凝土現(xiàn)澆鋼筋發(fā)生水平彎曲受壓區(qū)混凝土構(gòu)件，可能會增加部分有效高度，擴(kuò)大截面面積，從而提高

3、了組件的右側(cè)部分反彎，斜截面抗切割能力部分剛度，起到加固補(bǔ)強(qiáng)的作用。 在適當(dāng)?shù)募∪夥秶?，改變混凝土彎曲的組件的右側(cè)部分配套能力，隨著鋼筋面積和強(qiáng)度的提高增加。在原來的組件的右側(cè)部分鋼筋的比例不太高的情況，增加了主要加固面積有可能提出的高原組件的右側(cè)部分抗彎曲能力，有效地支持。拉一節(jié)中，通過新的加拿大部分和原構(gòu)件共同工作的領(lǐng)域添加現(xiàn)澆現(xiàn)澆混凝土外套組成部分增加，但提高了有效成分的配套能力，改善正常的經(jīng)營業(yè)績。放大段加固法施工工藝簡單，兼容，并具有成熟的設(shè)計和施工經(jīng)驗，在梁，板，柱，墻和一般結(jié)構(gòu)用混凝土加固;但現(xiàn)場施工的濕作業(yè)時間長，對生產(chǎn)與生活有一定的影響，并加強(qiáng)建筑清拆后有一定減少。1.1.2

4、 置換混凝土加固法 該法與放大優(yōu)點的部分方法被關(guān)閉，并經(jīng)過加強(qiáng)的，不影響建筑物的清拆，但同樣存在施工濕作業(yè)時間長的缺點;適合偏低或有混凝土承運(yùn)人等嚴(yán)重缺陷梁，柱受壓區(qū)混凝土強(qiáng)度的鋼筋。1.1.3 粘結(jié)外包段加固法 外包頭鋼鐵廠強(qiáng)化是在部分或鋼板包裹是鋼筋構(gòu)件的外，境外包頭鋼鐵廠強(qiáng)化鋼筋混凝土梁使用濕外包法律一般，即采用環(huán)氧樹脂化中的牛奶等上與方法，以加強(qiáng)段施工委員會蛋糕一個整體，加固后的組件，因為是壓縮鋼橫截面面積大幅度提高拉，所以右側(cè)部分配套能力和部分剛性大幅度的提高。 該法還表示，包頭鋼鐵廠外濕加固法，應(yīng)力可靠，施工簡便，現(xiàn)場工作量小，但與鋼材數(shù)量大，不宜在上面，在非600用途，保護(hù)的形勢

5、高溫場所;適合不允許在使用明顯增加原構(gòu)件截面尺寸，但要求以增強(qiáng)其承載能力的大型混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的加固。1.1.4 粘鋼加固法 外面的鋼筋彎曲混凝土構(gòu)件粘鋼加固是（右邊部分被拉到在組件配套能力不足，扇形的面積，右側(cè)部分受壓區(qū)或斜截面）表面膠鋼板，這樣可以提高是增強(qiáng)組件的配套能力，和施工方便。 該法施工速度快，現(xiàn)場工作或不濕上只有少數(shù)濕抹灰工程等，對生產(chǎn)與生活的影響小，經(jīng)過加強(qiáng)的，是不顯著原有結(jié)構(gòu)的外觀和原定清拆影響，但加固效果是決定由膠粘工藝和操作水平很大程度上，是在合適的承受靜態(tài)函數(shù)，而在正常的濕度環(huán)境是彎曲或拉構(gòu)件加固。1.1.5 粘膠纖維增強(qiáng)塑料加固法 外貼纖維加固與膠結(jié)材料粘貼在該組件是加強(qiáng)該

6、地區(qū)的拉纖維增強(qiáng)復(fù)合材料，使其與一節(jié)加強(qiáng)聯(lián)合工作，達(dá)到磨練組件承載能力的目的。除了具有類似膠水的鋼板的優(yōu)點，又具有防腐泥濘，耐潮濕，不增加自身結(jié)構(gòu)重量近，耐用，維護(hù)費(fèi)用低等優(yōu)點，但需要特殊的防火處理，是適合各種應(yīng)力混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的性質(zhì)和一般建設(shè)。此法的優(yōu)點和缺點與擴(kuò)大部分將接近法是適用于鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的斜截面承載力不足，或必須施加橫向約束力的擠壓成員的情況。1.1.6 繅絲法 此法的優(yōu)點和缺點與擴(kuò)大部分將接近法是適用于鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的斜截面承載力不足，或必須施加橫向約束力的擠壓成員的情況。1.1.7 錨桿錨固法方 這項法律是在合適的混凝土強(qiáng)度等級為c20的混凝土c60的承重成員改造，加

7、固，它已經(jīng)不適合上述結(jié)構(gòu)，素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)，光認(rèn)真適合很體面。1.2 間接加固的一般方法1.2.1 預(yù)應(yīng)力加固法（1）thepre，強(qiáng)調(diào)加強(qiáng)橫向拉桿彎曲混凝土的成員，因為前強(qiáng)調(diào)，增加外部裝入拉桿的共同作用，有軸向張力，通過桿結(jié)束這一部分的人數(shù)上的偏心傳輸錨（當(dāng)拉桿與梁底部表面緊密貼合板，拉桿可以尋找調(diào)整與組件一起，這股熱潮已分壓傳輸組件底部表面直接），在組件中的偏心壓縮功能，這個功能已經(jīng)克服彎矩以外的部分負(fù)荷生產(chǎn)外荷載效應(yīng)降低，從而激化組件的抗彎曲能力。同時，由于拉桿傳遞給組件的壓力的作用，組件裂紋的發(fā)展可以緩解，控制，斜截面反減的配套能力也增強(qiáng)與它一起。 作為水平提升干的函數(shù)的結(jié)果，原來的組件的部分

8、由收到彎曲應(yīng)力的特點變成了偏心受壓，因此，在加固，組件的配套能力，主要是在彎曲決定的條件下，原始組件的配套能力。（2）在鋼筋混凝土構(gòu)件在使用前強(qiáng)調(diào)，要支持類型拉桿加固決定，形成一個由組件和加強(qiáng)支持下的復(fù)合超靜定結(jié)構(gòu)體系的類型拉桿組成，下外荷載和預(yù)應(yīng)力的綜合作用，在拉桿具有軸力，并通過與組件的結(jié)合的是增強(qiáng)了組件站點發(fā)送（未來支持和極端錨固點），已超出部分的負(fù)載反平衡，改變了原有構(gòu)件截面內(nèi)生力特性，從而激化組件的承載能力。 此法可減少是鋼筋構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力水平，不僅使加固效果好，而且還能大范圍提高結(jié)構(gòu)的整體配套能力，但經(jīng)過加固，有一定的影響，對原結(jié)構(gòu)外觀，適合作為以及在高壓力，高緊張狀態(tài)混凝土構(gòu)件的加固

9、，在大跨度或重型結(jié)構(gòu)加固，但在非保護(hù)的情況下，不能使用在上述環(huán)境中的600的溫度，也沒有合適的用途不斷變化的混凝土收縮大結(jié)構(gòu)。1.2.2 增加配套加固法 此外支點加固法的通過在彎曲有效跨度減少成員，達(dá)到減少功能，是在組件上進(jìn)行效果增強(qiáng)，提高了結(jié)構(gòu)承載水平的目的。該法簡單可靠，但容易損害建筑物的原貌和使用功能，可能并減少使用空間;是在混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加固混凝土許可期限合適。與混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)加固改造配套使用的技術(shù)1.3has一般1）行業(yè)的技術(shù)要求 這是托梁（或桁架）打開列（或墻），終端的托梁和托梁和柱行業(yè)的技術(shù)叫一般左右;屬于一種綜合技術(shù)由相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)加固，上層建筑違背與上升重新定位以及放棄等部件拆卸組成技術(shù)，

10、適合在有建筑物的加固改造;與傳統(tǒng)做法相比，具有施工時間短，費(fèi)用低，影響和對案情非常輕微對生活和生產(chǎn)，但高到規(guī)范，必須完成由熟練的工人，可以確保安全。2）植物的肌肉技術(shù) 這是一項很簡單和直接的混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，有效連接和錨固技術(shù);可植入普通鋼筋，也可植入螺栓式錨肌肉;已廣泛應(yīng)用在了建筑物的加固改造工程，例如：在施工中泄漏埋鋼筋或鋼筋偏離設(shè)計位置的復(fù)蘇，組件增加了段加固來彌補(bǔ)肌肉，上層建筑擴(kuò)大交叉，對上升去梁，柱的通過加入延長，房子疊加終端和層高層建筑剪力墻除了植物的肌肉等。3）裂縫修補(bǔ)技術(shù) 根據(jù)混凝土裂縫的原因，性質(zhì)和規(guī)模，使用印章不同的保護(hù)方法進(jìn)行修補(bǔ)，一種技能，會導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)，因為打擊減少使用功能，和

11、耐久性能恢復(fù);適合于有在建筑物裂縫處理每一種，但對應(yīng)力裂紋修補(bǔ)之外，還應(yīng)該使用相應(yīng)的加固措施。內(nèi)部修補(bǔ)法與強(qiáng)制泵壓混凝土膠凝材料的裂紋，呈現(xiàn)年輕或行動和未來一代縫合功能，使得通過其膠結(jié)恢復(fù)原來的結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性，這種方法是合適的裂縫開口大，耐用等有影響的結(jié)構(gòu)完整性和安全性，或有防水防滲修補(bǔ)裂縫要求等。4）碳化混凝土修復(fù)技術(shù) 它是指通過恢復(fù)到混凝土的堿度（滅活）或增加其阻抗，使鋼筋產(chǎn)生腐蝕，碳化技術(shù)得到遏制。5）混凝土表面處理技術(shù) 它是指采用混凝土表面的污漬清理，油痕，殘以及其他附件和化學(xué)法，機(jī)械法，噴砂法，真空清洗方法，注射的方法技巧等。6）凝血地幔土壤密封技術(shù) 它是指用靈活的方法和密封劑回填等，

12、聚合物灌漿，漆膜進(jìn)行的混凝土防水，防潮和防止裂縫處理技術(shù)。像結(jié)構(gòu)，組件技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移，調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)基頻技術(shù)等。7）其他技術(shù) 像結(jié)構(gòu)，組件技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移，調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)基頻技術(shù)等。2 砌體式結(jié)構(gòu) 砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)加固方法：砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)的加固補(bǔ)強(qiáng)到時直接和間接地分為兩種強(qiáng)化，設(shè)計，可根據(jù)實際條件和使用要求選擇適宜的方法。2.1 適合于砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)直接加固方法2.1.1 外部鋼筋混凝土疊合層加固法 該法屬于復(fù)合段加固方法的一種。其優(yōu)點是施工工藝簡單，兼容，后砌體式加固，配套能力已大大提高，并具有成熟的設(shè)計和施工經(jīng)驗，在列，帶墻壁加固合適，它的缺點是現(xiàn)場施工濕作業(yè)時間長，對生產(chǎn)與生活有一定的影響，并加強(qiáng)建筑清拆后有一定減少。2.

13、1.2 在境外的鋼筋混凝土疊合層砂漿加固法 該法屬于復(fù)合段加固方法的一種。它的優(yōu)點和外部的鋼筋混凝土疊合層加固法相近，但提高配套能力不如前者;是在砌體式擋土墻加固合適，有時還使用鋼筋混凝土外的加層加固時帶從事柱壁在墻上的兩個馬鐙把密封面。2.1.3 除持有從事柱加固法 該法擴(kuò)大了部分屬于一種加固方法。其優(yōu)點是加層加固法也是密切與鋼筋混凝土以外，但配套能力增強(qiáng)局限的，難以滿足抗震要求，一般只在peneseismic國家申請。2.2 適合于砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)的間接加固方法2.2.1 非結(jié)塊外包段加固法 該法屬于傳統(tǒng)的加固方法，其優(yōu)點是結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，現(xiàn)場的工作負(fù)荷和濕工作少，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是更可靠;適合在不允許增加原構(gòu)

14、件截面尺寸，其實要求提高部分配套能力的大型砌體式柱的加固，其缺點是費(fèi)用高的鋼筋，而必須使用類似鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的防護(hù)措施。2.2.2 預(yù)應(yīng)力加固法撐桿跳高 此法可大范圍銳化砌體式柱的承載能力，加固效果可靠，適用于處理高壓力，高緊張狀態(tài)砌體，在鋼筋結(jié)構(gòu)加固，其缺點不能使用的溫度600以上的環(huán)境中。2.3 砌體式結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造性加固和修補(bǔ)2.3.1 除了加強(qiáng)電網(wǎng) 當(dāng)電網(wǎng)的設(shè)立不符合現(xiàn)行設(shè)計規(guī)范要求，無論是垂直的橫墻界面點咬搓有明顯的缺陷，誠信的房子時，無論是不好的，應(yīng)該另外建立電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行加固2.3.2 增設(shè)梁墊加固 當(dāng)在大梁磚壁設(shè)置提出了在部分壁球或大梁部分垂直分割，應(yīng)加建梁墊進(jìn)行加固。2.3.3 砌體式開啟部分基

15、礎(chǔ) 當(dāng)房子部分破損，但經(jīng)過深入調(diào)查時，其斷裂的原因尚未影響承重和安全性，可以燎原墻部分拆除，并根據(jù)對提高砂漿強(qiáng)度的第一級，以填補(bǔ)與全尺寸磚基礎(chǔ)。2.3.4 砌體行動修補(bǔ)裂縫 前裂縫修補(bǔ)攜帶，應(yīng)根據(jù)砌體式組件的受力狀態(tài)和裂縫等因素的特點，確定創(chuàng)建砌體式裂紋與裂紋修補(bǔ)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向或使用相應(yīng)的賬面目標(biāo)的原因，加固措施。3 鋼結(jié)構(gòu) 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)加固方法：鋼結(jié)構(gòu)加固的主要方法包括：減少負(fù)荷，改變結(jié)構(gòu)計算圖，放大部分和原結(jié)構(gòu)單元的聯(lián)合力量，裂隙發(fā)育障礙等。當(dāng)有成熟的經(jīng)驗，也可使用其他加固方法。3.1 改變了結(jié)構(gòu)計算圖 這項改變結(jié)構(gòu)計算圖形的加固方法是指使用更改負(fù)載傳播的情況，電力傳輸方式，節(jié)點性質(zhì)和邊界條件，除附件

16、成員和支持，發(fā)揮了預(yù)應(yīng)力的考慮，措施等空間聯(lián)合行動進(jìn)行了加固，結(jié)構(gòu)的方法3.2 加大構(gòu)件截面的加固 使用時，加大強(qiáng)化了部分鋼材木材，斷面形式選擇要在加強(qiáng)規(guī)范的優(yōu)勢，并認(rèn)為已經(jīng)有缺陷和損壞情況。3.3 連接加固，加強(qiáng)成員連接 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)連接方法，即焊縫，鉚釘，普通螺栓和高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接方法的選擇，應(yīng)該的原因其中，目標(biāo)，應(yīng)力狀態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)和執(zhí)行條件的需要，以加強(qiáng)根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，并考慮了結(jié)構(gòu)的原始連接方法測定。 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)加固一般采用焊接接頭連接，高強(qiáng)度螺栓連接摩擦適當(dāng)?shù)?，有基礎(chǔ)的時候也可以使用摩擦焊接接頭和高強(qiáng)度螺栓的混合連接。當(dāng)采用焊接接頭連接，應(yīng)使用后評價審批焊接工藝及連接材料。3.4 裂紋修復(fù)與加固 由于結(jié)構(gòu)的

17、負(fù)載影響和材料的選擇，結(jié)構(gòu)，制造，工作一再不當(dāng)?shù)壬a(chǎn)，并有休息時間延長或清脆的傾向性裂紋損傷，應(yīng)盡量修復(fù)。在修復(fù)之前，必須分析了裂縫的原因和影響的嚴(yán)重性，采取切實可行的治理結(jié)構(gòu)的工作目標(biāo)為導(dǎo)向或進(jìn)行加固措施，對不適合使用的維修加固的組成部分，應(yīng)給予拆除更換abstract：structure in the long-term natural environment and under the use environment's function, its function is weaken inevitably gradually, our structural engineerin

18、g's duty not just must finish the building earlier period the project work, but must be able the science appraisal structure damage objective law and the degree, and adopts the effective method guarantee structure the security use, that the structure reinforcement will become an important work.

19、what may foresee will be the 21st century, the human building also by the concrete structure, the steel structure, the bricking-up structure and so on primarily, the present stage i will think us in the structure reinforcement this aspect research should also take this as the main breakthrough direc

20、tion. key word： concrete structure reinforcement bricking-up structure reinforcement steel structure reinforcement 1 concrete structure reinforcement concrete structure's reinforcement divides into the direct reinforcement and reinforces two kinds indirectly, when the design may act according to

21、 the actual condition and the operation requirements choice being suitable method and the necessary technology. 1.1 the direct reinforcement's general method1.1.1 enlarges the section reinforcement law adds the concretes cast-in-place level in the reinforced concrete member in bending compressio

22、n zone, may increase the section effective height, the expansion cross sectional area, thus enhances the component right section anti-curved, the oblique section anti-cuts ability and the section rigidity, plays the reinforcement reinforcement the role.in the suitable muscle scope, the concretes cha

23、nge curved the component right section supporting capacity increase along with the area of reinforcement and the intensity enhance. in the original component right section ratio of reinforcement not too high situation, increases the main reinforcement area to be possible to propose the plateau compo

24、nent right section anti-curved supporting capacity effectively. is pulled in the section the area to add the cast-in-place concrete jacket to increase the component section, through new canada partial and original component joint work, but enhances the component supporting capacity effectively, impr

25、ovement normal operational performance. enlarges the section reinforcement law construction craft simply, compatible, and has the mature design and the construction experience; is suitable in liang, the board, the column, the wall and the general structure concretes reinforcement; but scene construc

26、tion's wet operating time is long, to produces has certain influence with the life, and after reinforcing the building clearance has certain reduction. 1.1.2 replacement concretes reinforcement lawthis law's merit with enlarges the method of sections to be close, and after reinforcing, does

27、not affect building's clearance, but similar existence construction wet operating time long shortcoming; is suitable somewhat low or has concretes carrier's and so on serious defect liang, column in the compression zone concretes intensity reinforcement. 1.1.3 the caking outsourcing section

28、reinforcement lawoutside the baotou steel factory reinforcement is wraps in the section or the steel plate is reinforced component's outside, outside the baotou steel factory reinforces reinforced concrete liang to use the wet outsourcing law generally, namely uses the epoxy resinification to be

29、 in the milk and so on methods with to reinforce the section the construction commission to cake a whole, after the reinforcement component, because is pulled with the compressed steel cross sectional area large scale enhancement, therefore right section supporting capacity and section rigidity larg

30、e scale enhancement.this law also said that the wet outside baotou steel factory reinforcement law, the stress is reliable, the construction is simple, the scene work load is small, but is big with the steel quantity, and uses in above not suitably 600c in the non-protection's situation the high

31、 temperature place; is suitable does not allow in the use obviously to increase the original component section size, but requests to sharpen its bearing capacity large scale the concrete structure reinforcement. 1.1.4 sticks the steel reinforcement lawoutside the reinforced concrete member in bendin

32、g sticks the steel reinforcement is (right section is pulled in the component supporting capacity insufficient sector area, right section compression zone or oblique section) the superficial glue steel plate, like this may enhance is reinforced component's supporting capacity, and constructs con

33、veniently. this law construction is fast, the scene not wet work or only has the plastering and so on few wet works, to produces is small with the life influence, and after reinforcing, is not remarkable to the original structure outward appearance and the original clearance affects, but the reinfor

34、cement effect is decided to a great extent by the gummy craft and the operational level; is suitable in the withstanding static function, and is in the normal humidity environment to bend or the tension member reinforcement.1.1.5 glue fibre reinforcement plastic reinforcement lawoutside pastes the t

35、extile fiber reinforcement is pastes with the cementing material the fibre reinforcement compound materials in is reinforced the component to pull the region, causes it with to reinforce the section joint work, achieves sharpens the component bearing capacity the goal. besides has glues the steel pl

36、ate similar merit, but also has anticorrosive muddy, bears moistly, does not increase the self-weight of structure nearly, durably, the maintenance cost low status merit, but needs special fire protection processing, is suitable in each kind of stress nature concrete structure component and the gene

37、ral construction. this law's good and bad points with enlarge the method of sections to be close; is suitable reinforcement which is insufficient in the concrete structure component oblique section supporting capacity, or must exert the crosswise binding force to the compressional member the sit

38、uation. 1.1.6reeling law this law's good and bad points with enlarge the method of sections to be close; is suitable reinforcement which is insufficient in the concrete structure component oblique section supporting capacity, or must exert the crosswise binding force to the compressional member

39、the situation. 1.1.7 fang bolt anchor law this law is suitable in the concretes intensity rank is the c20c60 concretes load-bearing member transformation, the reinforcement; it is not suitable for already the above structure which and the light quality structure makes decent seriously. 1.2 the indir

40、ect reinforcement's general method1.2.1pre-stressed reinforcement law(1)thepre-stressed horizontal tension bar reinforces concretes member in bending,because the pre-stressed and increases the exterior load the combined action, in the tension bar has the axial tension, this strength eccentric tr

41、ansmits on the component through the pole end anchor (, when tension bar and liang board bottom surface close fitting, tension bar can look for tune together with component, this fashion has partial pressures to transmit directly for component bottom surface), has the eccentric compression function

42、in the component, this function has overcome the bending moment which outside the part the load produces, reduced outside the load effect, thus sharpened component's anti-curved ability. at the same time, because the tension bar passes to component's pressure function, the component crack de

43、velopment can alleviate, the control, the oblique section anti-to cut the supporting capacity also along with it enhancement. as a result of the horizontal lifting stem's function, the original component's section stress characteristic by received bends turned the eccentric compression, ther

44、efore, after the reinforcement, component's supporting capacity was mainly decided in bends under the condition the original component's supporting capacity 。(2) after the reinforced concrete component uses under the pre-stressed to support the type tension bar reinforcement decides, forms o

45、ne by to reinforce the component and under supports the compound ultra statically determinate structure system which the type tension bar is composed, under the outside load and the pre-stressed combined action, in the tension bar has the axial force and through (next supports and pole end anchor sp

46、ot) with component's combining site transmits for is reinforced the component, has counter-balanced outside the part the load, changed the original component section endogenic force characteristic, thus sharpened component's bearing capacity. this law can reduce is reinforced component's

47、 stress level, not only causes the reinforcement effect to be good, moreover can also the great scope enhance the structure overall supporting capacity, but after reinforcing, has certain influence to the original structure outward appearance; is suitable as well as is under the high stress, the hig

48、h strained condition concretes component's reinforcement in the great span or the heavy structure reinforcement, but in the non-protection's situation, cannot use in the temperature above 600c in the environment, is also not suitable uses in the concrete shrinkage continuous variation big st

49、ructure. 1.2.2 increases the supporting reinforcement lawthe addition pivot reinforcement law is through the reduced member in bending effective span, achieves the reduced function, in is reinforced on the component to carry the effect, raises the structure load bearing level the goal. this law simp

50、le reliable, but easy to harm building's original condition and the use function, possibly and reduces uses the space; is suitable in the concrete term permission concrete structure reinforcement. 1.3 has generally with the concrete structure reinforcement transformation necessary use's tech

51、nology 1.3.1 the request trades the technology it is the joist (either truss) opens the column (or wall), the joist terminal and the joist trades technologies and so on column to call generally; belongs to one kind of comprehensive technology, by the related structure reinforcement, the superstructu

52、re goes against rises with to reposition as well as abandons technologies and so on component demolition to be composed; is suitable in had building's reinforcement transformation; compares with the traditional practices, has the construction time to be short, the expense low, affects and so on

53、merits slightly to the life and the production, but is high to the specification, must complete by the skilled worker, can ensure the security. 1.3.2 plants the muscle technology it is one item is simple and direct to the concrete structure, the effective connection and the anchor technology; may im

54、plant the ordinary steel bar, may also implant the bolt type anchor muscle; has widely applied in had building's reinforcement improvement project, for example: in the construction leaks buries the steel bar or the steel bar deviation designs the position the recovery, the component increases th

55、e section reinforcement to make up the muscle, the superstructure expands cross, goes against rises to liang, column's lengthening by joining, the house superimposed layer terminal and the high-rise construction addition shearing force wall plants the muscle and so on. 1.3.3crack patching techno

56、logy according to the concretes crack's cause, the character and the size, use seal differently protect the method to carry on patching, one kind of skill which causes the structure because to crack reduces the use function which and the durability can restore; is suitable in had in the building

57、 each kind of crack processing, but to the stress crack, besides patching, still should use the corresponding reinforcement measure. the internal patching law is with the forcing pump the cementing material pressure concretes crack, renders the young or up and coming generation to sew up the functio

58、n, and makes the original structure through its cementation to restore the integrity, this method is suitable for the crack opening is big, and durable and so on is influential to the structure integrity and the security, or has request and so on waterproof anti-seepage crack patching. 1.3.4 carbonized concretes repair technology it is refers to through restores the concretes the alkalinity (inactivation) or increases its impedance to enable the steel bar corrosion which the carbonization creates to obtain the containmen