初中三大從句復(fù)習(xí)ppt課件

1、1初中三大從句復(fù)習(xí) （賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)）從句2請(qǐng)問(wèn)他們是什么從句1.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.2. I know who stole the money. 3. I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. 4. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. 3賓語(yǔ)從句三大考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句三大考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)一、引導(dǎo)詞一、引導(dǎo)詞二、語(yǔ)序二、語(yǔ)序三、時(shí)態(tài)三、時(shí)態(tài)4 He said (tha

2、t) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.1.原來(lái)的句子是陳述句時(shí)，由that引導(dǎo) 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。 一一 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞52.原來(lái)的句子是一般疑問(wèn)疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用if 和whether（1）Is she beautiful?（2）Does he live here? (3) Can I help you?I want to know He asked

3、 me 用這兩句型來(lái)練：在whether or not 的固定搭配中。如： eg ：I want to know whether its good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息63.原來(lái)句子是特殊疑問(wèn)句，就由原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.I dont know who

4、 is she?The teacher said whats wrong with him?7二二.賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化賓語(yǔ)從句中時(shí)態(tài)的變化I hear (that)Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back

5、. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。（需要性原則）（需要性原則）82.2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而從而達(dá)到主句和從句的

6、相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）1) He will go to Hong Kong .2) He is sick.3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.1) He to Hong Kong .2) He sick.3) He a book . 4) HeHe saidwould go waswas reading his work.had finished 93. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Our teacher said that January is the

7、first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.10句子的兩種語(yǔ)序句子的兩種語(yǔ)序:1.陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)叫陳述語(yǔ)序陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)叫陳述語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序 2 疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序 11My name isMy favorite sport isI amI speak/have/likeI can playAre you?Can you play?Do you do?Where are you? What can you do? How

8、do you do?陳陳述述句句-一般一般疑問(wèn)疑問(wèn)句句特殊特殊疑問(wèn)疑問(wèn)句句結(jié)構(gòu)比較結(jié)構(gòu)比較_ + _ + _主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ).?_ +_ + _特殊特殊疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞一般一般疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句 be情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞_ / _ /_+ _ +_主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)?12陳陳述述句句一般一般疑問(wèn)疑問(wèn)句句特殊特殊疑問(wèn)疑問(wèn)句句_+ _ + _ 結(jié)構(gòu)比較結(jié)構(gòu)比較be情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)_ + _ + _ .主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)?_ +_+ _特殊特殊疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞一般一般疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句? ?_ + _ + _ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)?_ +_ + _主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)結(jié)論結(jié)論:陳述句和疑問(wèn)句最本質(zhì)的區(qū)別是陳述句中的陳述

9、句和疑問(wèn)句最本質(zhì)的區(qū)別是陳述句中的be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ,助動(dòng)詞在主助動(dòng)詞在主語(yǔ)后語(yǔ)后,而在疑問(wèn)句中而在疑問(wèn)句中,它們則在主語(yǔ)前它們則在主語(yǔ)前13賓語(yǔ)從句三要素賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞thatthat（陳述句（陳述句 ）ififwhetherwhether（一般疑問(wèn)句（一般疑問(wèn)句 ） 特殊疑問(wèn)詞（特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞（特殊疑問(wèn)句) )時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序都為陳述句語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序都為陳述

10、句語(yǔ)序客觀真理客觀真理 自然現(xiàn)象自然現(xiàn)象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句 時(shí)態(tài)不變時(shí)態(tài)不變七七.本節(jié)小結(jié)本節(jié)小結(jié)141.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry.Idontknow_.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad2.-MayIcomein?ImsorryIamlate.-Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_.?A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwerey

11、oudoingthenC.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool3.-Couldyoupleasetellme_.?-BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere.A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislikeC.howcanIgettoHenanMuseumD.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum4.PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows_.A.wheretheyhavebeenB.wherearetheyC.wher

12、earetheyfromD.wheretheyhavegone15二狀語(yǔ)從句用句子表達(dá)一件事情或一個(gè)行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間，這個(gè)句子就叫時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)其所表示的時(shí)間不同，所使用的連詞也不同。下面我們一起來(lái)看一下幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：這里主要講時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句這一塊往往和從屬連詞（專題十四）一塊考時(shí)間，條件狀語(yǔ)如果主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)從句將用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)含義。161.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由when，while，as, as soon as, since ,until/till, not. until/till, before, after等引導(dǎo)。17(1)when引導(dǎo)的從句

13、：表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。 eg：I was going out when a visitor came. (動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。) 。18(2)while 引導(dǎo)的從句：表示“當(dāng)過(guò)程中”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)主句和從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)期發(fā)生。由于while從句表示一個(gè)持續(xù)的行為，所以從句中要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，并且持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 eg：Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.19(3)as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候；一邊一邊；隨著”，其從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)往往是同一人或物。

14、 eg：She sang as she worked. 她一邊工作一邊唱歌。=She was singing as she was working. I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正當(dāng)他下公共汽車時(shí), 我看見(jiàn)了他。20(4)before引導(dǎo)的從句：一般表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。 eg：I didnt know any English before I came here. 我到這兒來(lái)之前，一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)都不懂。 eg：I had written my report before my father came back.21(5)after引

15、導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。eg：After he locked the door, he left. 他鎖上門(mén)后，就走了。 他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盤(pán)棋。 小試牛刀：I will go out to play basketball with you. I finish my homework. (after)226since引導(dǎo)的從句：表示“自從以來(lái)”，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般表示動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)，用過(guò)去時(shí)。since表示“自以來(lái)”，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去式。從句用一般過(guò)去式。 eg：Since he met this good fri

16、end, he has made great progress in his studies. Mr green has taught in that school since he (came) to China three years ago.237Until/till 引導(dǎo)的從句：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻。（1)Until/till表示“直到”，如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。（2）notUntil/till表示“直到才”，主句用否定式，從句用肯定。如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式。24例如：They worked unti

17、l it was late. 他們一直工作到天黑。She didnt go to bed until she finished her homework. 她寫(xiě)完作業(yè)才睡覺(jué)。小試牛刀：All the people left. He waited. (until)_He went to bed . his father came home._8as soon as 引導(dǎo)的從句表示“一就”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作緊密相連。例如：As soon as she came to the classroom, she began to read English.她一到教室，就開(kāi)始讀英語(yǔ)。 小試牛刀：We start t

18、o sing. Its 12 oclock. (as soon as)_25分析試題特點(diǎn)及做題思路：分析試題特點(diǎn)及做題思路：題形題形 （1）選擇題：）選擇題：考連詞考連詞- 做題思路：做題思路： 考時(shí)態(tài)考時(shí)態(tài)-做題思路：做題思路： 認(rèn)字認(rèn)字- 判斷關(guān)系判斷關(guān)系- 選擇正確的連詞選擇正確的連詞認(rèn)字認(rèn)字- 判斷語(yǔ)境提供的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)判斷語(yǔ)境提供的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)- 選擇正確的時(shí)態(tài)選擇正確的時(shí)態(tài)261. It was quiet _ those big trucks started coming through the town.A. before B. after C. until D. unless 272

19、. It seemed only seconds _ the boy finished washing his face.A. when B. before C. after D. even if 283. Hardly had he reached the school gate _ the bell rang.A. while B. when C. as D. as soon as294.We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station.A. whenever

20、B. until C. while D. wherever 302.條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)詞：If/ifnot,unless,aslongas,without條件狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一樣如果主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表?xiàng)l件狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一樣如果主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將含義將含義。31位置：從句可放在主句之前或之后，但是放在主句之前須有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)從句可放在主句之前或之后，但是放在主句之前須有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)eg:如果我有足夠的錢(qián)，我就去環(huán)游世界（1）If 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 定義：定義：if“如果如果,假如假如”它引導(dǎo)的句子表示某事發(fā)生所需的條件，即它引導(dǎo)的句子表示某事

21、發(fā)生所需的條件，即“在在條件下，條件下，某事才能發(fā)生某事才能發(fā)生”，在句子中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，因此稱之為條件狀語(yǔ)從句。（，在句子中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，因此稱之為條件狀語(yǔ)從句。（ If引導(dǎo)的條引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示假如有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，就會(huì)有主句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生件狀語(yǔ)從句表示假如有從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，就會(huì)有主句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生 ）If I have enough money, I will travel around the world =I will travel around the world if I have enough money32用法：1. 如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用

22、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)( 主將從現(xiàn)）。主將從現(xiàn)）。 If it rains（從句）， I will stay at home. Ill go with you if you dont want to go alone（從句）. 2.如果主句含有如果主句含有must, may, can 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句也要用等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 If you drive too fast, you may have an accident. You must stop if the traffic is red. 3. 如果主句是祈使句，從句同樣要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果主句是祈使句，從句同樣要用一般現(xiàn)

23、在時(shí)。 Dont go and play football if you dont finish your homework. Please call me if he comes next Sunday33 注意注意if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 1.Youll be late _ you dont get up early tomorrow morning.A. if B. when C. before D. until 2.If he _ on time, we will go without himA. doesnt come B. dont

24、 comeC. didnt come D. will come3.If you _ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us.A. see ; goes B. will see; goes C. will see; will go D. see; will go總結(jié)：總結(jié)： 條件狀語(yǔ)從句考的頻率比較高，主要考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句考的頻率比較高，主要考查if 連詞和連詞和if引導(dǎo)的從句與主句引導(dǎo)的從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)（主將從現(xiàn)）的時(shí)態(tài)（主將從現(xiàn)）如果如果是否是否342) unless在意義上相當(dāng)于在意義上相當(dāng)于ifno

25、t。You will fail unless you study hard.You will fail if you dont study hard3) “祈使句祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句陳述句” 在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。其中，句。其中，and表示句意順承；表示句意順承；or表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“否則否則”。例如：例如：Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will succeed.35定

26、語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句考試要求：能夠辨出由that, which, who等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句36that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。既可指人，也可指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略。which指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略指物，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略. who 指人，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略指人，作主語(yǔ)，不能省略；作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略,（常用（常用whom）37只用只用that 的情況的情況1、先行詞為不定代詞、先行詞為不定代詞all， few ，little， much something， nothing， anything ，ever

27、ything等或者先行詞被等或者先行詞被all， any， every， each，few，little， no，some等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。 如：如： All that we have to do is to practice every day. I have read every book that you gave me. The boy handed everything that he had picked up in the street to the police. You may borrow any book that interests you.2、先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修

28、飾時(shí)。如：、先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如： Guilin is one of the most beautiful places that people all over the world want to visit.3、先行詞為序數(shù)詞或者被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如：、先行詞為序數(shù)詞或者被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如： When people talk about the cities of the US. The first that comes into mind is New York.384、先行詞被、先行詞被the only, the very , the same, the last修飾時(shí)。如：修飾時(shí)。如： The only language that is easy to learn is the mother tongue. He is the very person that I am looking for. This is the same book that I lost yesterday.5、先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。如：、先行詞既有人又有物