初中英語(yǔ)--連系動(dòng)詞

1、連系動(dòng)詞的用法講解及練習(xí)題一"be":is am are四"變":get become turn go五"感官":feel taste smell sound look 系動(dòng)詞 系動(dòng)詞亦稱(chēng)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞（Link Verb），作為系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須跟表語(yǔ)（亦稱(chēng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。 說(shuō)明： 有些系動(dòng)詞又是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，該動(dòng)詞表達(dá)實(shí)義時(shí)，有詞義，可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，例如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。

2、（fell是系動(dòng)詞，后跟補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)情況。） He fell off the ladder. 他從梯子上摔下來(lái)。fell是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。 1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞 用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，只有be一詞，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教師。（is與補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份。） 2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞 用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉

3、默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個(gè)謎。 3）表像系動(dòng)詞 用來(lái)表示"看起來(lái)像"這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起來(lái)很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起來(lái)很傷心。 4）感官系動(dòng)詞 感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布手感很軟。

4、60;This flower smells very sweet. 這朵花聞起來(lái)很香。 5）變化系動(dòng)詞 這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他瘋了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她沒(méi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就富了。 6）終止系動(dòng)詞推薦精選 表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)"證實(shí)&

5、quot;，"變成"之意，例如： The rumor proved false. 這謠言證實(shí)有假。 The search proved difficult. 搜查證實(shí)很難。 His plan turned out a success. 他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。（turn out表終止性結(jié)果）.系動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別系動(dòng)詞亦稱(chēng)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞（Link Verb），作為系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須跟表語(yǔ)（亦稱(chēng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。但是，有些系動(dòng)詞又是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，該動(dòng)詞表達(dá)實(shí)義時(shí)，有詞義，可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。例如： H

6、e felt ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。（felt是系動(dòng)詞，后跟補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)情況。） He fell off the bike. 他從自行車(chē)上摔下來(lái)。fell是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。表示動(dòng)作中狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動(dòng)詞可分為四類(lèi)，分別是：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。但是，有些情況下，有些動(dòng)詞是兼類(lèi)詞。例如： We are having a meeting. 我們正在開(kāi)會(huì)。（have是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。） He has gone to New York.他已去紐約。（have是助動(dòng)詞。）動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語(yǔ)，可分為兩類(lèi)，分別是：及物動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞，英語(yǔ)縮

7、寫(xiě)形式分別為vt. 和vi.。但是，同一動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可用作及物動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物動(dòng)詞。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物動(dòng)詞。）比較法比較下列各組句子(1) A Please look at the blackboard請(qǐng)看黑板。B He looked a perfect fool他看上去是個(gè)十足的神經(jīng)病(2) ATurn to Page 16翻到 16頁(yè)。BHe turned traitor to his coun

8、try他背叛了祖國(guó)。(3)AHe felt it his duty to help others他認(rèn)為幫助別人是自己的責(zé)任。BI felt very hungry after a long walk走了一段長(zhǎng)路，我感到很餓。(4)A.Get me some ink給我一些墨水。BOur motherland is getting stronger and stronger我們國(guó)家變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大了。(5)ASuch words do not become a scholar那樣的話(huà)不像出自學(xué)者之口。BSome of the fields became covered with water一些田地

9、覆蓋著水。(6)AThis black key on the piano won''t sound這鋼琴上的黑鍵按下去不響。B The story sounds interesting這故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。(7)A.I am sure I smell gas我肯定聞到了煤氣味。BTheflowers smell sweet花朵散發(fā)芳香。(8)AHe was too weak to stand他太虛弱，不能站立。BHolding the note in his hand，he stood there dumbfounded他拿著鈔票，站在那里，目瞪口呆。(9)AHe goes to

10、 school early every morning.他每天早上很早上學(xué)。B They went mad他們發(fā)狂了。(10)A I remained 3 weeks in Paris我在巴黎逗留了三周。BHe never remained satisfied with his success他從不滿(mǎn)足于自己的成績(jī)。練習(xí)題1. 推薦精選What is Mr Wang like?     _.A. He is a teacher          B. He is o

11、ld and kindC. He looks like a balloon   D. He likes English2. What Mr White said sounds_.A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely3. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three.A. turned B. goes C. became D. went4. When he was a child he_ .A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wild D.

12、 came true5. His voice_ as if he has a cold.        A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems6. This shirt_ as if it is made of cotton.    A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems7. He looks _ he hadnt had a good meal for a monthA. that B. as if C. when D. so f

13、ar8. It _that he was late for the train.      A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems9. These apples taste_.A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good10. Do you like the shirt?    Yes, it _ very soft.A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt11. The moment Mr Zhang

14、 went to bed, he_ asleep      A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall12. When I went home yesterday, it was _ dark.    A. going B. getting C. running D. coming13. Their plan _ to be a perfect one.推薦精選        A. proved B. was proved C.

15、 is proving D. proving14. The flowers in the garden _ sweet.      A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell15. She_ like her mother in character.      A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels16. It_ another fine day tomorrow.      &#

16、160; A. seems B. promises C. appears D. looks17. He _ much younger than he really is.    A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns18. You_ very pale. Do you feel sick?       A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked19. His wish to become a driver has _true

17、.      A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown20. Her father _a writer.                A. turned B. grew C. has turned D. has become21. Neither of us _ a doctor. A. am B. are C. is D. were 22. He

18、_ a famous writer. A. turns B. become C. has become D. has turned23. The girl's face _ red. A. turned B. got C. feel D. look24. He _ very glad. A. looked B. turned C. feel D. looks25. The flowers _ fragrant （芳香）. A. get B. smells C. smell D. feels26. The table _ very smooth. A. look B. turn C. f

19、eels D. smell27. Jack _ younger than Tom. A. look B. feel C. feels D. looks28. She looks _. A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. that she is happy （二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的適當(dāng)形式填空： 1. You _ _ _ very young. 2. At first those questions_ _ _easy, but later I

20、 found them difficult. 3. After the sports meeting, he _ _ _very tired. 4. My younger brother _ _ _a student last year. 5. When we_ _ _ up, we're going to help build up our country. 6. The flowers _ _ _very sweet. 7. Her face _ _ _red. 8. Jack _ _ _very happy. 

21、9. The mooncake _ _ _good. 10. The meat_ _ _bad.答案與分析1. B Whats.like?是詢(xún)問(wèn)人或事物的性質(zhì)特征情況的交際用語(yǔ)，答語(yǔ)中常含有說(shuō)明性質(zhì)特征情況的形容詞。2. A sound表示“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，答案B、C、D均為副詞。3. D若人或事物的情況變化是永久性的或難以扭轉(zhuǎn)的壞變化時(shí)，用系動(dòng)詞go表示。4. C run wild是固定搭配，表示“放蕩不羈”。5. A sound表示“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”，后面接as if 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，表示對(duì)主語(yǔ)所表示的特征、狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)作出的反應(yīng)及判斷。6. C feel作系動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，表示推

22、薦精選“(東西)摸上去令人有某種感覺(jué)”。7. B as if引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成式。8. D “ It seems that” 表示“看起來(lái)”。是固定句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)根據(jù)一定的事實(shí)所得出的一種接近于實(shí)際情況的判斷。9. D taste表示“嘗起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。10. A feel表示“(某物)摸上去(令人)有某種感覺(jué)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。11. D fall asleep表示“入睡”，是固定搭配，根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。12. B get表示“逐漸起來(lái)”、“開(kāi)始起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，多用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。13. A prove表示

23、“證明是”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞。14. D smell表示“有的氣味”、“散發(fā)氣味”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞。15. C belike表示“看起來(lái)像”時(shí)，既可指外貌，又可指品質(zhì)和特征，側(cè)重于特征。16. B promise表示“有的可能”、“給人以的指望”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接名詞作表語(yǔ)。17. A appear表示“看起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞。側(cè)重于在外表給人某種印象，常為“假象”。18. B look表示“顯得”、“看起來(lái)”時(shí)，是系動(dòng)詞，后面接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，常帶有感情色彩。19. C come true是固定搭配，表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”，其中come是系動(dòng)詞，表示“成為”、“變得”。20. D bec

24、ome表示“變成”，作系動(dòng)詞用，在后面作表語(yǔ)的名詞前要加a或an。turn后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)要去掉a(n)。漢語(yǔ)中表示兩個(gè)過(guò)程按比例同時(shí)增加時(shí)，用“越越”結(jié)構(gòu)。英語(yǔ)中用“the +比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常從句在前，主句在后，即：第一個(gè)the+比較級(jí)為狀語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè)the+比較級(jí)為主句。句型中的連個(gè)“the”都是指示副詞。兩個(gè)“the”的后面都必須跟形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)形式。不過(guò)有的語(yǔ)法書(shū)中說(shuō)“第一個(gè)the引導(dǎo)的句子是比較狀語(yǔ)從句”。    這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般情況下：主句用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（代替將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)）。試比較下列例句的用法:1

25、.The more, the better.多多益善。2.The sooner, the better. 愈快愈好。3.The more you learn, the more you wish to learn.你學(xué)得越多，你越是想學(xué)。4.The sooner you start, the sooner you will finish. 你開(kāi)始的越早，你就完成得越快。5.The more exciting it is, the happier they are.越是有趣，他們就越是高興。6.The more I know him, the more I like him.我越認(rèn)識(shí)他

26、，就越喜歡他。7.The more you read, the better you understand.你看的書(shū)越多，你懂得就越多。8.The hotter the air is, the more quickly it will rise.空氣越熱，它就上升得越快。9.The more learned a man is ,the more modest he usually is.一個(gè)人越有學(xué)問(wèn)，就往往越謙虛。10.The more you know ,the more you will realize how little you know.知道得越多，越會(huì)體會(huì)到自己知道得有限。注意：

27、有時(shí)這種句型中主句用主謂倒裝形式。例如：The smaller the house is, the less will it cost us to heat.房子越小，花的取暖費(fèi)就越少。The more we thought of the lost boy, the more did we get worried.推薦精選  我們?cè)较肽莻€(gè)丟失的孩子，就越是著急。（1）“the more,the more”句型為“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示“越,就越”，是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，其中前面句子是狀語(yǔ)從句，后面的句子是主句。The用在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)前。The more he gets, the more he wants.他越來(lái)越貪（他得到的越多，就越想要）。The more she learns, the more she wants to learn.她越學(xué)就越想學(xué)。（2）“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”句型主從句的時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。The higher the ground is, the thinner the a