姜非謂語動詞作狀語.ppt名師制作優(yōu)質(zhì)教學資料

1、unit 41.動詞動詞-ing形式的作用：形式的作用： 觀察下列例句，思考劃線部分作用。觀察下列例句，思考劃線部分作用。 (1) this is an interesting book. ( ) (2) the man sitting by the window is our maths teacher. ( ) (3) seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. ( ) (4) i saw the boy walking on the street yesterday. ( ) (5) playing footb

2、all is his favotire sport. ( ) (6) i didnt stop working last night. ( ) (7) my work is teaching english. ( )定語定語定語定語狀語狀語賓補賓補 主語主語賓語賓語表語表語 1. _ dogs seldom bite. a. bark b. to bark c. barked d. barking 2. the wolf spoke in a _ voice and mr. dongguo felt_. a. frightening; frightened b. frightened; fri

3、ghtened c. frighten; frightening d. frightening; frighteningda 3. its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby. a. asleep b. sleep c. sleeping d. slept 4. the _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming. a. shaking b. shook c. shaken d. shake ca歸納總結(jié)：歸納總結(jié)：動詞動詞-ing是是_中的一種，中的一種，單獨使用時，能在句中做除單獨使用時，

4、能在句中做除_之外的任之外的任何其他句子成分。如：主語、賓語、表語、定何其他句子成分。如：主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、賓補等。語、狀語、賓補等。在語態(tài)上，動詞在語態(tài)上，動詞-ing表示表示_（主動（主動/被動的被動的動作。在時間上，動詞動作。在時間上，動詞-ing一般表示一般表示_（正在進行（正在進行/已經(jīng)完成）的動作。已經(jīng)完成）的動作。 動詞非謂語形式動詞非謂語形式謂語謂語主動主動正在進行正在進行語態(tài)語態(tài)時態(tài)時態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式一般式完成式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not)having been do

5、ne1.v-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 構(gòu)構(gòu)成成, 否定形式是否定形式是 “not doing”. 定義：說明事物發(fā)生的時間，原因，定義：說明事物發(fā)生的時間，原因，條件，方式或伴隨，地點，結(jié)果，讓步，條件，方式或伴隨，地點，結(jié)果，讓步，程度等情況的詞叫做狀語。程度等情況的詞叫做狀語。 狀語可以由副詞，短語以及從句來狀語可以由副詞，短語以及從句來擔任。擔任。because i catch a cold, i dont feel like going school tomorrow.v-ing 作狀語作狀語 的的用法用法即：即：v-ingv-ing短語在句子中作狀語短語在句子中作狀語往往

6、和邏輯往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動關(guān)系。主語之間存在主動關(guān)系?？梢员硎緯r間，原可以表示時間，原因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，方式或伴隨動作等。因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，方式或伴隨動作等。現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的狀語一般不用作表目的狀語（通常用不（通常用不定式表目的地狀語）。定式表目的地狀語）。 例如：例如： i ran out of the house shouting. sally was lying in bed crying. 齊讀齊讀:1.動詞動詞-ing 形式作狀語時形式作狀語時,通常表通常表示主語示主語正在進行正在進行的另一動作的另一動作,來對謂語來對謂語表示的主要動作加以修飾或作為陪襯

7、。表示的主要動作加以修飾或作為陪襯。i got home, feeling very tired. 重點重點:現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,相當于相應的狀語從句。相當于相應的狀語從句。考點：如何將考點：如何將現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換為轉(zhuǎn)換為狀語狀語從句！從句！1). walking in the street, i saw a beautiful girl.2). having turned off the tv set, he began to go over chinese.時間時間when i was walking in the street，時間時間after he had turned

8、 off the tv set,1.作時間狀語作時間狀語,相當于時間狀語從句。相當于時間狀語從句。 常用常用引導詞：引導詞：when, while, as ,once, since, before, after, till, until, as soon as 等等 。1). being too young, he couldnt join the army.2). not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.原因原因because he was too young, 原因原因as we dont know her addres

9、s，2. 作原因狀語，作原因狀語，相當于原因狀語從句相當于原因狀語從句常用引導詞：常用引導詞：because, since, as 1). using your head, youll find a good way.2). working hard, youll surely succeed.條件條件if you use your head, 條件條件if you work hard，3. 作條件狀語，作條件狀語，相當于條件狀語從句相當于條件狀語從句 條件狀語從句條件狀語從句 常用引導詞：常用引導詞：if, unless, 1). she stood there waiting for to

10、m.2). he came running back to tell me the news. 伴隨伴隨= she stood there and waited for tom.方式方式4. 作方式狀語或伴隨狀語，作方式狀語或伴隨狀語， 相當于并列句相當于并列句“and”.他們笑著談著走進了教室。他們笑著談著走進了教室。_, they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。著墻站著。he stood _the wall.(he stood and leaned against the wall.)laughing and talkingleaning

11、 against1). the child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.結(jié)果結(jié)果so his head stroke against the door and cut. “所以所以”常用引導詞：常用引導詞：so , so that 等。等。5. 作結(jié)果狀語作結(jié)果狀語,相當相當于結(jié)果狀從。于結(jié)果狀從。1). knowing all this, the guard didnt let me enter the lecture hall.讓步讓步although he knew常用引導詞：常用引導詞：although

12、 ,though 等。等。5. 作讓步狀語作讓步狀語,相當相當于讓步狀從。于讓步狀從。注意：注意： 1.當現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動當現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前時，應使用完成式：詞動作之前時，應使用完成式： having finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball.2. 當現(xiàn)在分詞與句子的主語之間存在當現(xiàn)在分詞與句子的主語之間存在著邏輯上的被動關(guān)系時，應使用被動式著邏輯上的被動關(guān)系時，應使用被動式：being helped by tom, she will learn english well.havin

13、g donebeing done3. 當現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式的動作發(fā)生在謂語當現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前時，被動式應使用完成式：動詞動作之前時，被動式應使用完成式：having been translated into many languages, the book was widely read all over the world.having been done觀察下列觀察下列2個句子個句子, 體會體會having done與與doing的不同的用法的不同的用法(1) having written the letter, john went to the post off

14、ice.(2) seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt excited. 總結(jié)總結(jié): v-ingdoinghaving done 表動作表動作有先有后有先有后表動作表動作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生一般式一般式完成式完成式 （1） walking through the park, we saw lots of flowers. （2）walking through the park, the flowers looked nice.（3）standing on the tower, we could see the whole city. （4）sta

15、nding on the tower, the whole village could be seen. 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語必現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語必須與主句的主語是一致的。須與主句的主語是一致的。5. 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：spring coming on, the trees turned green.her mother being ill, she had to look after her at home.time permitting, well visit the great wall.he guiding the blind man, they

16、walked slowly across the street.6. 固定結(jié)構(gòu)：固定結(jié)構(gòu)：judging from his appearance, he must be very rich.generally speaking, his answer is right.considering everything, they did a good job.exercise1:1). _ the child to bed, she began to correct the students homework.a. sending b. being sent c. sent d. having s

17、ent2). be careful when / while _ (cross)the street.3). _ ( 聽到這個消息聽到這個消息) , we got excited.crossinghearing the newsexercise2: 1).她被蛇咬了三次后，她看見蛇后就害怕。她被蛇咬了三次后，她看見蛇后就害怕。_,2).正在進行的那個會議非常重要。正在進行的那個會議非常重要。_for three times she feels frightened when seeing the snake.having been bitten by the snakethe meeting

18、being held now is of great importance.舉一反三舉一反三 : v-ingdoinghaving done一般式一般式完成式完成式being donehaving been done主動主動被動被動 1)_him the answer several times, i didt know whether he could understand. 2)_the answer several times , he still couldnt sovle the question.having toldhaving been toldexercise3: 用用hav

19、ing been told having told填空：填空：主動主動被動被動歸納歸納主句主語為動作的主句主語為動作的發(fā)出者發(fā)出者。主句主語為動作的主句主語為動作的承受者承受者。前后主語是否一致是解題的關(guān)鍵：前后主語是否一致是解題的關(guān)鍵：1.when we stand on the hill, we can see our school. (when) standing on the hill ,we can see .2.when we see our school on the hill, our school looks like a big garden. (when) seen on

20、 the hill, our school looks.1. if you gave me more time ,i can do it better. =given more time, i can do it better2. though it is very small, the computer can do a lot of things. = though being very small, the computer can do a lot of things.3. when he heard the news, he jumped up.=hearing the news,

21、he jumped up.4.because we didnt know his address, we had to wait for him outside.= not knowing his address, we had to wait for him outside. 1. having not seen the film, i cant tell you what i think of it. 2. the men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. seen from the top of the hill, we find t

22、he city more beautiful. 4. generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.not havingworkingseeingspeakingcorrect the sentences.5. “ cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6. knocking at the door before entering, please.7. european football is pla

23、yed in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingknockmakingchoose the best answer. 1. they set out _ for the _ boy. a. searching; losing b. searching; lost c. to search; lost d. searched; losing 2. the student sat there, _ what to do. a. doesnt knowing b. didnt knowing c. no

24、t know d. not knowingbd 3. he sat there _ , with his head on his hand. a. and think b. thinking c. thought d. being thought 4. the _ prime minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. a. visiting; add b. visited; adding c. visiting; adding d. visited; adde

25、dbc 5. the stranger said something in _ voice and the little girl was very much _ a. frightening, frightened b. frightened, frightening c. frightening, frightening d. frightened, frighteneda 6. _the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. a. playing b. when i was playing c. repairing d. examiningb 7. mother caught the boy _ in the corner. a. smoke b. to smoke c. being smoked d. smokingd 8. generally speaking, _ accord