管理會計ACCA課件

1、管理會計ACCA課件 MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTINGLecturer: Wang Lihua管理會計ACCA課件Paper F2 Management AccountingPaper P4Advanced FinancialManagementPaper P5AdvancedPerformance ManagementPaper F5Performance ManagementPaper F9FinancialManagement管理會計ACCA課件Contents Preface(chapter 1) Cost classification and mathematics (2-

2、5) Costing methods and techniques(6-12) Budgeting and standard costing (13-16) Short-term decision making(17-19)管理會計ACCA課件Cost and cost classification(2)Cost behavior(3,4,5)Cost elements (2)variablefixedMC (9)material(6)labor (7) overhead (8)AC (9)Costing systemMaking decisionCVPAnalysis(17)Job Cost

3、ing(12)ProcessCosting(10,11)ServiceCosting(12)Linearprogramming(19)RelevantCosting(18)Budgeting and Standard costing(13-16)Semi-variableComparison 管理會計ACCA課件Chapter 1 Information for management Chapter contents 1.Organizations 2. Information for management 3. Financial Accounting & Management Ac

4、counting 4.presenting information to management管理會計ACCA課件1. OrganizationsWhy do organisations exist: This depends on the type of organisation and its objectives. With profit seeking organisations they primarily exist to generate wealth for their owners. 管理會計ACCA課件1)Organisations objectives( Primary

5、objective): Profit seeking organisations :to maximise the wealth of the owners of the business Public sector organisation : provision of a quality product/service within a value for money framework. Not for profit organisations (NFPO) : provisions of a social or community service for the well being

6、of society. 管理會計ACCA課件Other objectives of profit seeking organisations Maximize profit Maximize revenue Increase market share Minimize costs管理會計ACCA課件2)Strategy and organizational structure Strategy Structure管理會計ACCA課件There are two schools of thought on the link between strategy and organisational s

7、tructure. * Structure follows strategy * Strategy follows structure管理會計ACCA課件3)Functions of management Setting objectives Making plans Making decisions Putting plans (decisions) into action Monitoring actual results Taking control action Evaluating performancePlanningandControland Makingdecisions管理會

8、計ACCA課件Planning, control and decision making Strategic planning Tactical planning Control decision making管理會計ACCA課件Decision making process管理會計ACCA課件MCS :Management control systemBasic elements: Planning Recording Carrying out Comparing Evaluating Taking corrective action管理會計ACCA課件MIS: management inf

9、ormation system管理會計ACCA課件4) Anthonys view of management activity Strategic planning: setting objectives and strategic targets Management control: decisions about the efficient and effective use of resources Operational control: carry out specific tasks 管理會計ACCA課件Organizations resources: 4 Msmen, mat

10、erials, machines, money管理會計ACCA課件5) Management activities hierarchy Strategic planning and control Tactical planning and control Operational planning and control管理會計ACCA課件2.Information for management Why do managers need information What type of information they need How can they get the information

11、 they need When can they get管理會計ACCA課件1) Why is information important? Management need information to plan, control and make decisions管理會計ACCA課件2)Data and information Data Information管理會計ACCA課件3)The qualities of good information have purpose relevant Timely and clear understandable accurate complete

12、 not excessive communicated to right person by right channel confidence value should exceed the cost管理會計ACCA課件The cost of information Gathering cost Processing cost Storing cost Providing cost管理會計ACCA課件Q:How to assess the value of information?管理會計ACCA課件4) The type of information Financial informatio

13、n Non- Financial information A combination of financial information andNon-financial information管理會計ACCA課件 Strategic information Tactical information Operational informationNote: the features of them管理會計ACCA課件5)Sources of information internal and external sources structured information systems and n

14、on-structured ways管理會計ACCA課件3. Financial Accounting & Management Accounting Financial accounting Management accounting cost accounting管理會計ACCA課件 Financial Accounting: recording and reporting historical data. Management Accounting: deciding where the company wants to go and ensuring it gets there

15、. Cost accounting: is part of management accounting. It provides data for the management accountant to use.管理會計ACCA課件1)Financial Accounting versus Management AccountingFinancial AccountingManagement Accountingpurposedetail historical performance for general useaid plan, control,making decisionuserss

16、takeholdersmanagersfocusesfinancial position, profitability, cash flowsSpecific areas of an organizationsactivities管理會計ACCA課件(continued)Financial AccountingManagement Accountinginfluencing factorslaw, GAAP, IAP,IFRSno strict rulespresented measuresmonetary monetary and non-monetaryPeriod scopeof dat

17、ahistoricalHistorical and future管理會計ACCA課件It is important to remember that as management accounting is forward looking, it relies heavily on guesses and approximations, to deal with future uncertainties. We therefore have to use reasonable approximations in all our calculations. 管理會計ACCA課件2) Cost ac

18、counting The differences between cost accounting and management accounting Aims of cost accounts管理會計ACCA課件3) The role of accountants管理會計ACCA課件4.Presenting information to management Reporting How to prepare reports 管理會計ACCA課件Report format管理會計ACCA課件Review New words, phrases and special terms 管理會計ACCA課

19、件How to remember the whole contents of chapter 1Financial accounting systemmanagementaccounting systemProcessed datastructured information管理會計ACCA課件Strategic,tactical and operational informationInternal sources , external sourcesNumerical and non-numerical informationFinancial and non-financial info

20、rmationWith good qualitiesreported管理會計ACCA課件To differentLevels of managementPlanning and control(making decisions)Strategic,tactical and Operational decisionsRegular and ad hoc decisionsTo achieve objectives or targets管理會計ACCA課件Questions & Exercises1.INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT1.INFORMATION FOR M

21、ANAGEMENT18 MINSExplain what you understand by the term cost accounting and describe the benefits which a cost accounting system produces for an organisation. (You may refer to your own experience relating to costing systems in your answer).(10 marks)(10 marks)管理會計ACCA課件2.The role of information tec

22、hnology in management information18 MINS Computers are used for the purpose of processing data for a wide range of applications.(a)What do you understand by the term data processingdata processing?(2 marks)(b)Identify and describe five five basic data processing activities, illustrating each one wit

23、h a practical example from a computerised weekly payroll system.(5 marks)(c)What are the advantages of using a computer to process data? (3 marks)(10 marks)(10 marks)管理會計ACCA課件Objective test questions1.Which of the following could be true with regard to a MIS?A database systemUsed for planning, dire

24、cting and controlling activitiesA hierarchy of information within organisationA (1) and (2) only B (1) and (3) only C (2) and (3) only D (1), (2)and (3) 管理會計ACCA課件2.Which of the following is correct?A qualitative data is numerical information onlyB information can only be extracted from external sourcesC operational information gives details of long-term onlyD data can be either discrete or continuous管理會計ACC