專題三——形容詞與副詞副詞(共6頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專題三 形容詞與副詞副詞一、 副詞的基本用法1、 什么是副詞？（1） 定義：副詞是用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，在句子中作狀語或表語的一類詞。（2） 分類：時(shí)間副詞（now, today, early, sometimes, already等）；地點(diǎn)副詞（outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home等）；方式副詞（quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast, luckily等）；程度副詞（very, quite, rather, too, much, so等）；疑問副詞（when, where, wh

2、y, how, how long, how often等）；關(guān)系副詞（when, where, why, how等）2、 怎么用副詞？（1） 用法：時(shí)間副詞確定句子時(shí)態(tài)的重要標(biāo)志，牢固掌握不同時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語。如：Lucy went to school yesterday.（一般過去時(shí)時(shí)間狀語） She has already arrived there.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間狀語）地點(diǎn)副詞與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)不加介詞。如：I must go home now.（不是go to home） That boy rushed upstairs.（不是rushed to upstairs）方式副詞大多數(shù)由“形容詞+

3、ly”構(gòu)成。（構(gòu)詞法）如：happyhappily badbadly quickquickly easyeasily程度副詞有些程度副詞可以修飾形容詞原級(jí)，有些能修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。如：Jessica is a very beautiful woman. This bag is much better than that one.疑問副詞用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。如：When is your mothers birthday? Where is your home?關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)從句，如：He works in a bank where there is no money.（2） 位置：地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)

4、間副詞和方式副詞一般放句末。如：I will wait for you here. Can you meet me tomorrow? Please speak loudly.<注>當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，可以把時(shí)間副詞放在句首。如：Tomorrow I will meet you.程度副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，放在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)動(dòng)詞之前。如：She is too young. I really like that boy.修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，放在被修飾詞前面。如：Harbin is a very big city.（修飾形容詞） He studies much harder

5、now. （修飾副詞）<注>只有enough特殊，放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞之后。如：He runs fast enough. （3） 形近副詞辨析 close & closelyclose“接近”closely“仔細(xì)地”He is sitting close to me.“他挨著我坐著。” I watch him closely.“我仔細(xì)地打量他?！?late & latelylate“晚”lately“最近”Dont go to school too late.“上學(xué)別太晚了?！?Is there anything new lately?“最近有什么新消息么？”

6、deep & deeplydeep“深”表示空間深度；deeply“深深地”表示感情上的深度。The boy went deep into the forest.“那個(gè)男孩走進(jìn)了叢林深處?！盜 love you deeply.“我深深的愛著你?！?high & highlyhigh“高”表示空間上的高度；highly“高”表示程度，相當(dāng)于much。The plane was flying high.“飛機(jī)飛得高?！?I think highly of your opinion.“我仔細(xì)考慮你的觀點(diǎn)?！?wide & widelywide“寬”表示空間上的寬度；widel

7、y“廣泛地”“在許多地方”表示抽象的含義。He opened the door wide.“他把門開大?！?English is widely used in the world.“英語在全世界被廣泛的應(yīng)用?！?free & freely free“免費(fèi)”；freely“無限制地”You can eat free in my restaurant.“你可以在我的餐廳免費(fèi)用餐?！盰ou may speak freely.“你可以暢所欲言?！?hard & hardlyhard“努力地，辛苦地，劇烈地，猛烈地”表示程度；hardly“幾乎不”表示否定。We should study

8、 hard.“我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)?！盜 can hardly catch up with you.“我快跟不上你了?！薄玖?xí)題講解】1. Come_ quickly. I have something interesting to tell you.A. to here B. up to here C. here D. into here2. How _ the girls are playing!A. happy B. happier C. happily D. happily3. The night was very _, so he had to take off his shoes _.

9、A. quiet; quietly B. quite; quickly C. late; quick D. quite; quietly4. We have been to the China Folk Culture Villages _.A. lately B. late C. latest D. last5. He got back _ at four.A. to home B. at home C. his home D. home6. Pass my glasses to me, Jack, I can read the word in the newspaper. A. hardl

10、y B. really C. rather D. almost7. Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run to catch up with them.A. fast enough B. enough fast C. slowly enough D. enough slowly8. English is too difficult for me. I cant learn it well. Dont give up. Nothing is difficult if you work hard.A. seldom B. never C. always D. usua

11、lly9. Will you please speak ? Im afraid I cant follow you.A. loudly B. pleasantly C. slowly D. easily10. Alice eats meat so that she can keep herself from getting too fat.A. rarely B. always C. nearly D. carefully二、 副詞原級(jí)的用法1、 副詞的排序（1） 時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)副詞，小單位在前，大單位在后。如：Come to see me at 3 oclock(小時(shí)間) in the afte

12、rnoon.（大時(shí)間） （2） 方式副詞，短的在前，長(zhǎng)的在后。如：Please write slowly and carefully.（3） 多個(gè)不同副詞排序：程度+方式+地點(diǎn)+時(shí)間 如：He walked very fast outside this morning.“今天早晨他在外面走得很快。”2、 頻度副詞頻度副詞是表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生頻率的一類副詞，屬于時(shí)間副詞的一種。常用頻度副詞alwaysusuallyoftensometimesnever頻度副詞的位置：在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞之后；實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。如：She is always kind to us. “她對(duì)我們總是很好?！盩he w

13、ork has never been done.“這項(xiàng)工作永遠(yuǎn)也做不完。”He often goes to school early.“他常常很早到校?！?、 易混副詞用法辨析（1） too, as well, also與either都表示“也”too, as well, also都用在肯定句中，too 和as well常常放在句尾；also與動(dòng)詞連用，常放在句中。either用在否定句中，往往放在句尾。如：He went there too / as well. = He also went there. “他也去那里了?！盚e didnt go there either.“他也沒去那里?！?/p>

14、（2） too, enough與sotoo“太，很”tooto結(jié)構(gòu)“太而不能”；enough“足夠”enough to“足夠做”；so“如此” sothat“如此以至于”。 如：Robert is too young to go to school. = Robert is not old enough to go to school.= Robert is so young that he can not go to school.“羅伯特太小了不能去上學(xué)?！保?） much too與too muchmuch too“非常，極其，太”，修飾形容詞或副詞，加強(qiáng)語氣。too much“太多”，修

15、飾不可數(shù)名詞，與too many相似。如：This book is much too dear.“這本書太貴了。”Please dont eat too much ice cream.“請(qǐng)別吃太多冰激凌?！保?） already, yet與stillalready, yet“已經(jīng)”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間狀語，already用在肯定句中，表示事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，yet用在否定和疑問句中，表示期待某事發(fā)生。still“仍然”，表示事情還在進(jìn)行。如:Weve already watched that film.“我們已經(jīng)看過那部電影?！?I havent finished my homework yet.“

16、我還沒有完成我的作業(yè)?！盚e still works until late every night.“每天晚上他仍然工作到很晚。”（5） ago與beforeago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常用在一般過去時(shí)的句子中；before表示以過去或?qū)淼哪骋粫r(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的句子中。如：The meeting began five minutes ago.“回憶五分鐘之前開始了?！盜 have never been to Harbin before.“我以前從未去過哈爾濱。”（6） how long, how soon, how often與how fa

17、rhow long“多久，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”對(duì)一個(gè)持續(xù)的時(shí)間段提問，常用“for+時(shí)間段”或“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”來回答。如：A: How long have you been in China? B: For three months.how soon“多快，多久以后”對(duì)一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作提問，常用“in+時(shí)間段”來回答，常用于一般將來時(shí)中。如：A: How soon will he come back? B: In five minutes.how often“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次”，對(duì)頻度進(jìn)行提問，常用“once，twice，數(shù)字+times+時(shí)間”來回答。如：A: How often do you vis

18、it your grandparents? B: Once a week.how far“多遠(yuǎn)”對(duì)距離提問。如：A: How far is it from your home to your school? B: About two kilometers.【習(xí)題解析】1. I saw the film two days _.A. ago B. before C. after D. late2. In Britain tea _ with milk or sugar in it.A. usually drinks B. is usually drunk C. usually is drunk D

19、. drank usually3. Alice _ goes to school at seven.A. usual B. usually C. hard D. a little4. It was_ bad weather that we all had to stay inside.A. very B. so C. rather D. such5. We won't go to the cinema next Saturday. They won't_.A. too B. also C. neither D. either6. He likes to do some read

20、ing in the morning, I like it, _.A. too B. either C. neither D. also7. is it from your home to the shopping mall? About fifteen minutes ride.A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much8. Have you read the poem“if”? Yes, I really enjoy it.A. still B. ever C. yet D. never 9. I saw the film two day

21、s . A. ago B. before C. after D. late10. Do you enjoy traveling by air? No, it is expensive.A. too much B. more much C. much D. much too三、 副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)用法1. 什么是副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)？（1） 規(guī)則變化一般在詞尾直接加er或esthardharderhardest以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾直接加r或 stlatelaterlatest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞把y變i再加er或estearlyearlierearliest多音節(jié)詞和某些雙

22、音節(jié)詞在原級(jí)前面加more或mostcarefully more carefully most carefully （2） 不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfatherfarthestfurtherfurthest2. 怎么用副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)？(1) 副詞比較級(jí)的用法1） 單獨(dú)使用：Try to do better next time. 下次爭(zhēng)取干好一點(diǎn)。I had seen the film only a few days earlier. 我是幾天前才看的這部電影。

23、Hell come back sooner or later. 他遲早會(huì)回來的。Please speak more slowly. 請(qǐng)講慢一點(diǎn)。2） 和than一起使用：She swims better than I. 他游泳游得比我好。He works less than he used to. 他工作的時(shí)間比過去少了。I go there more frequently than she does. 我去那里比她勤。He studied the subject further than I do. 這問題他研究得比我深入。3） 比較級(jí)前有狀語修飾：You must wo

24、rk much faster. 你必須大大加快干活的速度。He walked no further. 他沒再往前走。He works a lot harder than before. 她工作比過去努力多了。Can you come over a bit more quickly? 你能稍稍快一點(diǎn)來嗎？4) 重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)asas和soas結(jié)構(gòu)asas用在肯定句或否定句中，表示“像一樣”，后面的副詞要用原級(jí)，如：She can run as fast as a deer. 她能跑得像鹿一樣快。You can stay here as long as you want. 在那兒你愛待多久都行。You

25、 know all this as well as I do. 這一切你和我一樣了解。She loved me as much as her own child. 她待我像親生孩子。I dont go there as much as I used to. 我現(xiàn)在到那里不像過去那么多了。soas只用在否定句中，表示“不像那樣”，后面的副詞要用原級(jí)，如：I cant jump so high as Bill. 我跳高不如比爾。I dont like it so well as your other works. 我喜歡它不及你的其他作品。more and more “越來越”，如：It rain

26、ed more and more heavily. 雨下得越來越大了。Now we see it more and more clearly. 現(xiàn)在我們對(duì)這看得越來越清楚了。He played the piano better and better. 他鋼琴?gòu)椀迷絹碓胶昧?。She went farther and farther away. 她越走越遠(yuǎn)了。the morethe more“越，越”，如：The more I work, the more I accomplish. 我干得越多，完成得就越多。The better I knew, the more I liked him. 我對(duì)他

27、說了解越深就越喜歡他。had better“最好”，后接動(dòng)詞原形（不帶to的不定式），如：Wed better not disturb him. 我們最好不要打擾他。I think Id better go now. 我想我最好現(xiàn)在就走。(2) 副詞最高級(jí)的用法副詞最高級(jí)可修飾動(dòng)詞，前面多數(shù)不帶定冠詞the，如：Of the four of us, I sang worst. 我們四人中我唱得最差。Of all your CDs, I like that one least. 你所有的激光唱盤中，我最不喜歡那一張。He likes painting best of all. 他最喜歡繪畫。Who arrived earliest o