土地資源管理專業(yè)英語詞匯

1、landland is a delineable dilinieit area of the earth's terrestrial tirestril surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or below this surface including those of the near-surface climate the soil and terrain forms, the surface hydrology (including shallow lakes, river

2、s, marshes, and swamps swmp), the near-surface sedimentary /sedmentri/ (沉淀性的) layers and associated groundwater reserve, the plant and animal populations, the human settlement pattern and physical results of past and present human activity (terracing, water storage or drainage structures, roads

3、, buildings, etc. etsetr (=et cetera). (un, 1994)land useland use is the human modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as fields, pastures, and settlements. the major effect of land use on land cover since 1750 has been deforestation of temperate regions. more r

4、ecent significant effects of land use include urban sprawl, soil erosion, soil degradation, salinization slini'zein, and desertification. land-use change, together with use of fossil fuels, are the major anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide, a dominant greenhouse gas. it has also been defined

5、 as "the total of arrangements, activities, and inputs that people undertake in a certain land cover type".from wikipedia, the free encyclopedialand coverland cover corresponds to a (bio) physical description of the earth's surface. it is that which overlays or currently covers the gro

6、und. this description enables various biophysical categories to be distinguished - basically, areas of vegetation (trees, bushes, fields and lawn), bare soil, hard surfaces (rocks, buildings) and wet areas and bodies of water (watercourses水流(河床), wetlands). there are two primary methods for capturin

7、g information on land cover: field survey and thorough analysis of remotely sensed imagery. the nature of land cover is discussed in comber et al. (2005).a comber, p fisher, r wadsworth. what is land cover? environment and planning b: planning and design, 2005differenceland use corresponds to the so

8、cio-economic description (functional dimension) of areas: areas used for residential, industrial or commercial purposes, for farming or forestry, for recreational or conservation purposes, etc. links with land cover are possible; it may be possible to infer land use from land cover and conversely. b

9、ut situations are often complicated and the link is not so evident. contrary to land cover, land use is difficult to 'observe'. for example, it is often difficult to decide if grasslands are used or not for agricultural purposes. distinctions between land use and land cover and their definit

10、ion have impacts on the development of classification systems, data collection and information systems in general. (unep)land cover is distinct from land use despite the two terms often being used interchangeably. land use is a description of how people utilize the land and socio-economic activity -

11、 urban and agricultural land uses are two of the most commonly recognised high-level classes of use. at any one point or place, there may be multiple and alternate land uses, the specification of which may have a political dimension. land managementland management can be defined as the process of ma

12、naging the use and development (in both urban and suburban settings) of land resources in a sustainable way. land resources are used for a variety of purposes which interact and may compete with one another; therefore, it is desirable to plan and manage all uses in an integrated manner.land administ

13、rationthe concepts of land administration are the reflection of views on land properties. in china, scholars hold ideas that land administration is the process of organization, coordination, supervision and management on land resources, land use, land property rights and land profit with political i

14、nstruments for sake of whole society. other studies on land administration, cadastral k'dæstrl titles and land market, urban land administration, and land sustainable conservation, altogether make these factors-land resources management, land assets supervision and land political governance

15、 for sustainability constitute foundation of land administration.differencethere are many factors according to which administration can be distinguished from management. from the nature of work, administration is concerned about the determination of objectives and major policies of an organization;

16、management puts into action the policies and plans laid down by the administration. from the nature of status, administration consists of owners who invest capital in and receive profits from an enterprise; management is a group of managerial personnel who use their specialized knowledge to fulfill

17、the objectives of an enterprise. from main functions, administration involves in planning and organizing functions; management involves in motivating and controlling functions. land use planningland use planning is the term used for a branch of public policy which encompasses inkmps various discipli

18、nes which seek to order and regulate the use of land in an efficient and ethical /ekl/ way. despite confusing nomenclature numenklt,術(shù)語，命名系統(tǒng), the essential function of land use planning remains the same whatever term is applied. the canadian institute of planners offers a definition that: "land

19、use planning means the scientific, aesthetic i:setik, and orderly disposition of land, resources, facilities and services with a view to securing the physical, economic and social efficiency, health and well-being of urban and rural communities"from wikipedia, the free encyclopediathere is boun

20、d to be conflict over land use. the demands for arable land, grazing, forestry, wildlife, tourism and urban development are greater than the land resources available. in the developing countries, these demands become more pressing every year. the population dependent on the land for food, fuel and e

21、mployment will double within the next 25 to 50 years. even where land is still plentiful, many people may have inadequate access to land or to the benefits from its use. in the face of scarcity, the degradation of farmland, forest or water resources may be clear for all to see but individual land us

22、ers lack the incentive or resources to stop it.land-use planning is the systematic assessment of land and water potential, alternatives for land use and economic and social conditions in order to select and adopt the best land-use options. its purpose is to select and put into practice those land us

23、es that will best meet the needs of the people while safeguarding resources for the future. the driving force in planning is the need for change, the need for improved management or the need for a quite different pattern of land use dictated by changing circumstances.all kinds of rural land use are

24、involved: agriculture, pastoralism田園風味, forestry, wildlife conservation and tourism. planning also provides guidance in cases of conflict between rural land use and urban or industrial expansion, by indicating which areas of land are most valuable under rural use.vocabularyministry of land and resou

25、rces 國土資源部municipal bureau of land and resources 市國土資源管理局municipal bureau of land resources and housing management市國土資源和房屋管理局bureau of state land supervision國家土地監(jiān)察局land utilization (use) 土地利用extensive land use 土地粗放利用intensive land use 土地集約利用sustainable land use土地可持續(xù)利用land management 土地技術(shù)管理land admin

26、istration土地行政管理land use planning 土地利用規(guī)劃general plan of land-use土地利用總體規(guī)劃land allocation土地配置land evaluation/appraisal 土地評價land policy土地政策land economics土地經(jīng)濟land market土地市場land expropriation/requisition土地征收/征用 land registration土地登記land transaction土地交易land banking土地儲備land supply/demand土地供應(yīng)/需求land grant or transfer 土地出讓或轉(zhuǎn)讓land negotiation /agreement土地協(xié)議land auction 土地拍賣land public bidding 土地公開招標land value 土地價值land rent 地租land revenue土地收益land use fee 土地使用費land use term 土地使用期land levelling 土地平整land development土地開發(fā)land rehabilitation/reclamation土地復(fù)墾land consolidation/readjustment土地整理land reti