中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、精品資料初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)一一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)、掌握下列八種時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法：(主要看時(shí)間或根據(jù)上下文確定時(shí)態(tài)。)11) when did the accident happen? it (發(fā)生)two minutes ago(2) when the teacher came in, the students (討論)the problem.(3) people never knew that population (be)a big problem in_ a .hundred, .years.(4) he told us he (read)the noveltwice .the match(

2、結(jié)束)for half an hour. when he got to the playground.(5) listen! how beautiful the peking opera ( 聽(tīng)起來(lái)).(6) please tell me who you ( 等待)for.(7) who ( 參觀)the summer palace before ? none.去)to his office.for two months .變得)stronger and stronger. where' s your father ? he (8) mr black ( 去)in south afri

3、ca we re sure our country (分析：1、例(1) (4)都用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)和 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，其中：(1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示 動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行；(2)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) 僅用于主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，又如：we asked the teacher ( 下周是否開(kāi)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì))。(3)過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，它經(jīng)常要 和過(guò)去的時(shí)間或者動(dòng)作進(jìn)行對(duì)比。 we (learn) more than 2,000 english wordsby the end of last year . when

4、/ before/ by the time we got to the station, the train (leave). he said the film ( 放映)for ten minutes when he got there.(主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)從句中)2、句中有l(wèi)isten 、look等詞一般要用 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，但聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)， 如例(5)。3 、例(6)句中雖沒(méi)有明顯時(shí)間，但通過(guò)句意“你 正在一等誰(shuí)”可知道要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在：(1)常和下列時(shí)間連用：ever, never, already

5、, yet, just(但just now 用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài))for+ 一段時(shí)間，since+ 過(guò)去的時(shí)間，so far, in the last few years 等. many countries (send) up man-made satellites into spaceso far. our city ( 改變)a lotin. the .last few .years(2)下列非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)要作如下變化： borrow/lend- ; buy- ; receive a letter/catch a cold- ; 我收到他的來(lái)信已有一周了。i for a week.

6、become- ; die-be ; open-beopen(形容詞)；leave-be (from);come/arrive-be ;join-be ; finish-be , start/ begin-be ; 如：they have"為)good friends for several years.that factory has (建立)there for ten years.(3) have been to曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地(現(xiàn)在 ); gone to已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)have been in (at)表示在某地已呆了一段時(shí)間。布朗先生已在中國(guó)呆了三年mr brown china

7、for three years。注意：1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：when i got to the station, the train 二 only had a few words with him.、掌握幾種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成:(1)this digital camera is made in china.(2)please tell me when the prc was founded(3)your homework must be handed in on time.(4)many man-made satellites(

8、5)the 29 th olympic games汪忠：1、有些動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：have been sent up into space by many countries. will be held in beijing successfully.嘗起來(lái))!(1) how delicious the food (2) the dictionary (花費(fèi))me 98 yuan.(3) an accident ( 發(fā)生)to him last night.2、有時(shí)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，有時(shí)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(1) all the motorbikes in the shop (sell)out.但：this

9、 kind of motorbikes ( sell ) well in the shop.(2) cotton (grow)in shandong.但： the flowers in our garden (grow)well.3、有些動(dòng)迥短語(yǔ).變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，后面的介詞或副詞不能少：(1)應(yīng)該有禮貌地對(duì)老人說(shuō)話。(2)幼樹(shù)應(yīng)該得到很好地護(hù)理。(3)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)可能推遲到下周六。4、東西作主語(yǔ) 時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),old people lyoung trees the sports meeting till人做主語(yǔ)有時(shí)也用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):next saturday.(1) english, is spoken the most widely in the world.(2) he ' ll come if he (invite).(3) we (tell)to keep our classroom clean and quiet by the teacher.、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 疑問(wèn)句：書(shū)必須按時(shí)歸還到圖書(shū)館嗎？ the school library on time