人教版英語八年級下unit1講解與練習(xí)

1、培生學(xué)堂 八年級下Unit1 What s the matt？er1. What t the matter ? 怎么了 ？matter 此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為 “毛??；麻煩”，通常用于句型What s the matter with sb. 中。?該問句常用來詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了何種麻煩。 What s the matter with him ? 他怎么了 ？ He has a headache . 他頭痛 。拓展：fatter還可作為不及物動詞，意為 要緊，有關(guān)系”，主要用于否定句，疑問句或者條件句中。It doesn ' t matter有關(guān)系 。Does it matter

2、 if I m a bit late ? 我晚一會到有關(guān)系嗎 ？O）.no matter 與 who , what , where 等連用, 相當(dāng)于 whoever , whatever ,wherever 等, 可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Don t open the door , no matter who comes .不管誰來都別開口。2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛 。Stomachache 為可數(shù)名詞，意為 “胃痛；腹痛”Eg: Mary didn t come to school yesterday because she had aasctohmache.拓展：在

3、英語中，一部分表示身體部位的名詞加上名詞ache （疼痛）后，可以構(gòu)成合成名詞。如 headache頭痛，toothache 牙痛,stomachache 胃痛，backache 背痛，earache耳朵痛。3. She talked too much yesterday and didn' t drink enoUghwae話太多，并且沒有喝足夠的水。（ 1）此處too much 相當(dāng)于一個副詞，修飾動詞 talked ,放在后面作狀語，意為 “太多 ”。Eg: She worried too much .Eating too much is bad for your health.

4、（ 2）此處enough 為形容詞，意為 “足夠的 ” 。修飾名詞時(shí)，常放在名詞前，且位置后置。Eg: It is good enough gor me .Is the water warm enough for you ?Enough 還可以構(gòu)成句型搭配： be + adj.+enough+to do 足夠 “做某事 ”Eg: Though he has grown up , he isn t brave enough to go out alone at night.4. Drink some hot tea with honey . 喝些加有蜂蜜的熱茶。with 為介詞，在此處意為 “加

5、上；具有；帶有” ，表示事物的附屬部分或所具有的性質(zhì)，其反義詞為 without 。Eg: Would you like some tea with sugar ?China is a country with a long history .No man could live without water .拓展：IWith意為 和.在一起”Mr.Black is talking with a friend .©with意為用（工具、手段等）”You can cut it with a knife .©with表示方式、情況或者條件。She likes to sleep w

6、ith the light on .The teacher came in with a smile on his face .例題解析： Would you like some coffee,please ? Yes , and please get some sugar . I prefer coffeesugar .A . to B. forC with D from5. You need to take breaks away from the computer . 你需要離開電腦休息幾天 。（1） need 在此處為實(shí)意動詞，意為 “需要 ” ，后面可接名詞，代詞，動名詞及帶有to

7、的不定式作賓語。Eg: We need to think twice about it .She needs your help .拓展：Need作情態(tài)動詞，意為 需要，必需無人稱和數(shù)的變化，否定式為needn',t后面一般接動詞原形。 Need I finish the work today ? Yes, you must . / No ,yo needn t .If she wants anything ， she need only ask .（2） break 此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為 “（課間的）休息” 。Eg: He sat under the big tree to tak

8、e a break.There is a 10-minute break between classes .拓展：reak作不及物動詞，意為 碎；破”。其過去式為broke,過去分詞為broken 。Eg： Glasses breaks easily .（2break作及物動詞，意為 弄碎，弄破”。Eg: He broke his right leg last month .reak作及物動詞，意為 不遵守（法律，規(guī)則等） 工Eg: The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules .6. I think you should

9、lie down and test . 我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該躺下休息。（1） lie （lay , lain , lying） 此處為不及物動詞，意為 “躺；臥 ”Eg: Don t lie in bed all morning .He found a dog lying at the door .拓展：e作為不及物動詞，意為撒謊，說謊”，過去式和過去分詞均為lied,現(xiàn)在分詞為lying。Eg: You are lying to me .葬作可數(shù)名詞，意為謊言，假話”Eg: I know he told a lie just now .I believe that it is a white lie

10、 .ay動詞，意為 產(chǎn)卵，下蛋”，過去式和過去分詞均為laid .Eg: The hens are not laying well at the moment .（2） rest 常作可數(shù)名詞，意為 “休息 ”Eg: You must take a tes from your work7. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor . 如果明天你的頭和脖子還痛 的話，就去看醫(yī)生。（ 1）此處連詞if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為 “如果，假如 ” 。Eg: If she arrives in New York ,

11、I ll telephone you .例題解析： I wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend . If he ， we will be very excited .A.come B. comesC. will comeD .came（2） go to a doctor 為固定短語，意為 “看醫(yī)生 ”，相當(dāng)于 go to see a doctor .Eg: Bill went to a doctor yesterday .Don t take any medicine before going to a d

12、octor .8.He got off and asked the woman what happened . 他下了車，問那個婦女發(fā)生了什么事。（ 1） get off 為 “動詞 +副詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語，人稱代詞作賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)放在動詞與副詞之間，此處意為 “下車 ” 。辨析：©get off意為下（汽車、火車、飛機(jī)等）”The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman .©get on意為登上（汽車、火車、飛機(jī)等）”，后面常跟較大的交通工具，反義詞為get offWhen I got on the bus ,I saw m

13、y teacher sitting there .僦et into意為進(jìn)入（小汽車、出租車、電梯等）:后面常跟較小的交通工具。反義詞為 get out ofHe got into a taxi and left .(4get out of意為從(小汽車、出租車、直升飛機(jī)等)下來 ”She got out of the car and wen into the hall .例題解析：Don t the bus until it stops .A. turn off B.put onC.get offD.set up (2) happen 為及物動詞，意為 “發(fā)生 ”0表示某人或者某物發(fā)生某事”時(shí)

14、，某人或者某物必須放在介詞to后面，用句型sth. Happens to sb./sth.來表達(dá)What has happened to Judy ?為用作 碰巧”時(shí)，常用句型sb. Happens to do sth.和It happens + that從句She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore .It happened that I had no money with me .9.Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必須快點(diǎn)行動。have to 不得不 ，后面接動詞原形辨析： hav

15、e to 和 must(Ihave to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上的需要；must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上的必要性。I have to tidy up the room . (客觀需要)I must tidy up the room . (主觀想法)(2have to有人稱，數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)變化，可用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)等;must 無人稱，數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)變化，主要用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Does he have to stay here ?Must she finish her homework first ?宏們的否定形式不同。don' t have t或示 不必要，不需要”must'表示禁止，不允許，不應(yīng)該

16、“You don t have to help him .You mustn t help him10.But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料，他們都同意和他一起去。(1) to one ' s surprise固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為 使某人驚訝的是 類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有to one ' t jo使人 開心的是 ； to one ' s disappointment人失望的是； to one ' s satisfaction!某人滿意的是To his surprise , she won the

17、 first prize .(2) agree 為及物動詞。后面可跟名詞，代詞，動詞不定式或者賓語從句。辨析：(Qgree to后面接計(jì)劃或者建議I agree to your plan .(2gree on 后面接日期或者條款。They agreed on these terms .agree with后面接人或者意見。I agree with you .11.The old man got to the hospital in time . 那位老人及時(shí)到達(dá)了醫(yī)院。get to意為 到達(dá)“。此處get為補(bǔ)給物動詞，當(dāng)后面接地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，要加上介詞to .辨析：(Tget不及物動詞，后面可接地

18、點(diǎn)名詞作賓語要加介詞to.要是接地點(diǎn)副詞 home, here和there 不用 to .I get home at 7:00 P.m. every day .What time shall we get to Beijing ?arrive不及物動詞，可直接跟地點(diǎn)副詞；加上介詞at/in后，才能接地點(diǎn)名詞。(大地點(diǎn)用in ；小地點(diǎn)用at)ach及物動詞，其后可接跟地點(diǎn)名詞，也可跟地點(diǎn)副詞。I reached Beijing the day before yesterday .We reached here on foot .Section B1 .Put on a clean T-shirt

19、 .穿上意見干凈的T 恤衫。put on 為 “動詞 +副詞 ”短語， 意為 “穿上； 戴上 ”。 代詞作其賓語時(shí)， 須放在 put on 的中間。He put on a coat and went out .辨析：(Tput on穿衣”表動作(|wear穿衣”及物動詞，表狀態(tài)(3)ress給':傳衣服”及物動詞，賓語只能為人。(4) be) in穿著“后面接表衣服的名詞或表示顏色的形容詞，表狀態(tài)。be in同be dressed in例題解析：1 .warm clothes, or you ll catch a cold .2 .The children are nice cloth

20、es today .3 .The girl red is his daughter.4 .I him every morning .2 . Told him to rest .Tell 為及物動詞， tell sb. (not) to do sth. 意為 “告訴某人(不要)做某事” 。He told me to write a report .The police told the children not to play in the street .例題解析：Tell the children unhealthy food . It s bad for their health.A.no

21、t to eat B.not eating C.to eat D.eating3 .Have problem breathing . 呼吸困難。( 1 ) have problems (in)doing sth. 為固定短語，意為 “做某事有問題或困難 ” ，同意短語為 have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.He had problems (in) learning English grammar .He has no problem (in) singing the song .4 .Aron Ralston is an American man

22、who is interested in mountain climbing . 阿倫羅爾斯頓是一 個對爬山很感興趣的美國人。( 1)此處 who is 為定語從句，修飾名詞 man ,who 為關(guān)系代詞。當(dāng)被修飾詞為人時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞 who 或者 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句。Do you know the girls who / that are dancing ?The man that / who you are waiting for won t come .(2) be interested in 為固定短語，意為 “對 感興趣 ”，相當(dāng)于 take interest in .Inte

23、resting 引起興趣的，有趣的 “” 。作表語或定語，修飾物。Interested “感興趣的 ”只作表語，主語為人。一言辨析：I ' m interested in the interesting things我對那些有趣的事物感興趣。例題解析：The story is and all of us are in it .A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestingD.interesting;interested(5) s a mountain climber ,Aron is used t

24、o taking risks. 作為一名登山者，阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)。( 1 )此處 as 為介詞，意為 “作為 ” 。As a party member , I must be strict with myself .He works in the hotel as a cook .(6) 此處 be used to 意為 “習(xí)慣于 ; 適應(yīng)于 后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞。 ”,He is used to hard work .She is used to getting up early .(7) take risks 意為 “冒險(xiǎn) ” ，相當(dāng)于take a risk 。You can t get

25、 rich without taking risks .They were taking a risk when they did that .6.There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents . 有許多次阿倫因?yàn)?意外)事故幾乎失去生命。( 1 )此處 time 為可數(shù)名詞，意為 “次數(shù) ”。How many times have you been to Paris ?He failed his driving test five times .(2) almost 副詞，意為 “幾乎，差不

26、多 ”。Almost all the guests are here .He has almost finished his work .(3) 辨析 because of 和 because(Qecause of因?yàn)椤?，介詞短語，后面接名詞或者代詞。I didn t go because of the rain .(2)ecause因?yàn)?quot;，連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。He didn t come to school because he was ill .7.He was not ready to die that day . 他不愿那天死去。(1) ready 為形容詞，意為 “準(zhǔn)備

27、好的，樂意的，愿意的” ，常作表語。Lunch is ready .Have you got everything ready ?拓展：(De ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備好了做某事”，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了要做某事，表示即將去做。We are ready to answer the questions .She is always ready to help others .(2)be ready for 為.:準(zhǔn)備好”He was ready for the death .(2) die (died , died , dying ) 為不及物動詞，意為 “死，死亡 ”His pare

28、nts died long ago .Nowadays many people die of cancers .The man is dying . 那個人就要死了。拓展：die 的形容詞形式為dead , 名詞形式為death 。A dead person can t speak .Her grandmother has been dead for two years .Many people fear death .His death is heavier than Mount Tai .8.So he used his knife to cut off half his right ar

29、m . 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。 1) 1) use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 “”I use my pen to write a letter .I use a knife to cut apples . = I use a knife for cutting apples . 2) cut off 為固定短語，意為 “切除，切斷” 。When was the telephone cut off ?拓展：常見的與 cut 有關(guān)的短語：cut down 砍到，減少cut up 切碎 cut in 插入 插嘴9.Then , with his left arm , h

30、e bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood .然后，他用左臂給自己打上繃帶以至于他不會失去太多的血。( 1 )此處 with 意為 “用(工具或器具等) ” 。You can cut it with a knife .辨析： with 與 inwith : 介詞， “ 用(工具) ”They eat with forks .I ll have to see it with my own eyes .In : 介詞， “用(語言，聲音，材料等) ” 。She can give a talk in English .He

31、talked to her in a low voice .(2) 此處 so that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 ，意為 “以至于 ” 。She got up late so that she missed the early bus .He has his head in bandages .例題解析：Mr.Green speaks very loudly all the people can hear him .A.whenB.so thatC.because10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbi

32、ng mountains even at=fter this experience .他對登山如此快以至于即使這次經(jīng)歷之后他還繼續(xù)爬山。(1) keep on doing sth.意為 繼續(xù)做某事”。The students are keeping on reading .She kept on working although she was tired .拓展：(Tkeep doing sth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事”Keep going until you reach the end of road .eep sb. Doing sth.使某人'J直做某事 ”Do t keep you

33、r mother waiting.(3keep sb, from doing sth.阻止某人做某事”You shouldn t keep him from watching cartoons .(2) experience 此處用作可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)歷 ” 。11. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn t mind taking risks .阿倫喜愛爬山，不介意冒險(xiǎn)。此處 mind 為動詞，意為 “介意；在乎 ” 。后面可接動名詞作賓語，但不能跟動詞不定式。I don t mind at all .Do you mind if I open the w

34、indow ?Would you mind parking your car there ?例題解析： Would you mind the window ? It s very hot . No, not at all .A.open B.to open C.opening培生學(xué)堂八年級下單元練習(xí)-、單項(xiàng)選擇（每小題 1分，共15分）1. 一 Kelly, who's the girl glasses in the photo?- It 'ms. I used to wear glasses and have long hair.A. by B. of C. on D. wi

35、ths bad for their health.2. Students shouldn ' t go to school breakfast. ItA. with B. without C. for D. by3. Victor can play piano. He can join the music club.A. a B. an C. the4. How do you like Li Yundi?-A cool guy! His music really beautiful.A. tastes B. sounds C. smells D. looks5. 一 M um , I

36、' m not feeling well. Oh, dear! A. What ' s wrong? B. Not at all. C. All right.onto the6. Young people today posting wonderful articles and beautiful photosmicromes- sage（微信）to share with friends.A. are afraid of B. are used to7 . Andrea Bocelli neverA. takes away B. gives away8 .He hurried

37、back homeC. are worried about, which makes him a successful singer.C. gets up D. gives uphis schoolbag.A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches9. 一 Why did you get up late this morning? I stayed up late last night, A. BecauseB. So C. Because of D. But10. What' s the matter with you?Ia heada

38、che.A. have B. take C. make D, like11. To our, the little girl is the first to go to bed.A. surprises B. surprise C. surprised D. surprising 12. - -What did your sister do?-She the bus at the bus stop and went home.A. got to B. got up C. got down D. got off13. 一 What did you see?-I saw many boys gam

39、es near the river.A. played B. playing C. plays D. to play14. It 's own business（事情）Please do it yourself.A. you B. your C. yours D. his15. My father often cooks some delicious food for us at home.A. herself B. ourselves C. himself D. yourselves 二、完形填空（共10分）Mr. and Mrs. Green were very worried a

40、bout their son, Leo. He seemed to be dumb（ 啞的） 15 he was normal in every other way. Mr. and Mrs. Green tried everything to get him to 17 ,but with no success.When Leo was six years old, the bestdoctors in the town 18 him carefully, but could find nothing wrong. And he seemed to be smart.It was just

41、that he 19 spoke.“There might be something wrong with his 20 , and he doesn ' t know he's able to speak one doctor said. " But he can read and, writaid Mr. Green. " Wd ve written him notes, telling him that he can speak. " " It ' s ce2t!ainly veryanother doctor said.

42、Perhaps he ' ll be able to speak some day. 22 passed. Leo went to university. But he did not say a 23 word. Then oneday,Leo was having a meal with his parents. Without any warning, he looked up from his 24 and said, “ Pass me the salt,please.”Mr. and Mrs. Green were excited.spo kekYou spoke! ” t

43、hey cried. " Why have you25 so long to speak? ”"I didn ' t have saythin g he said. " Until now everything wasperfect. But you forgot to put salt in potatoes.”16. A. becauseB. whenC. thoughD.before17.A. speakB. walkC. playD. laugh18. A. taughtB. foundC. examinedD. asked19. A. never

44、B. oftenC. usuallyD. always20.A. backB. hairC. faceD. mind21. A. unfairB. strangeC. noisyiet22. A. HoursB. WeeksC. MonthsD. Years23. A. goodB. rightC. singleD. new24. A. chairB. mealG.handsD. books25. A. sleptB. walkedC. servedD. waited三、閱讀理解（每小題 2分,共40分）As good forIt ' s important for us to be

45、healthy. But how can we keep healthy? First,you should eat frui t and vegetables three or four times a week. Then eat some tofu every day because it people, both the young and the old. Milk is also necessary（必要的）,especially for women. So you should have milk twice & day. It can help you to be st

46、rong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exercises or evening exercises. After supper you should take a walk. 26. You should eat three or four times a week.A. fruit and fish B. vegetables and muttonC. tofu D. fruit and vegetables 27. Tofu is good for .A. young people B. old peop

47、le C. young and old people D. students 28. Why do people have milk?A. It, s delicious.B. It ，s a kind of drink.C. It ' s bad for you. D. It can help you keep strong.29. You should have milk .A. four times a day B. five times a week C. twice a day D. twice a week 30. The passage mainly tells us.A

48、. how to keep healthy B. what health isC. why health is important D. how often you can eat tofuBDo you know the story about Vince? It was a true story. Vince was an English boy and he was eight years old. He didn't like soap or water. Three or four times a day his mother said to him,“Vince, your

49、 hands are very dirty again." Go and wainctheever washeBtltefn well.He only put his hands in the water for a few seconds and then took them out again.Vince ' s uncle and aunt lived in another city. One day they came to stay with Vince'and they brought their small son, Toby, with them. T

50、oby was seven years old and he didn' t likesoap or water, either.The boys sat with their parents for a few minutes and then they went outside. When they were playing, Vince looked at Toby's hands and then went back to Toby' s parents and said proudly（驕傲地）,"Toby' s hands are dirt

51、ier than mine,“O Of course they are " Toby said angrily." You are one year older than I am,”31 . Vince ' s mother asked him to three or four times a day.A. wash his hands B. do his homework C. clean his bedroom D. wash his teeth32 .When Vince saw Toby ' s hands, he felt.A, sorry B.

52、 proud C. sad D. terrible33 .Vince ' s hands were a little than Toby' s.A. dirtier B. cleaner C. bigger D. smaller34 .From the story we know thatA. Vince liked soap and wate r, but Toby didn ' tB.Toby liked soap and water, but Vince didn ' tC. Vince and Toby liked soap and waterD.Vin

53、ce and Toby didn ' t like soap or water35 . How many people are there in the story?A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven,CWhen I was about 12 , a girl in my class liked to point out （ 指出）my problems. I was too thin ； I wasn ' t a good stud ent talked too much ； I was too proud （驕傲）,and so on. A

54、t last, I became very angry and ran to my father.He listened to me quietly. Then he asked,“ Are theseohings yrue know whatyou are really like? Go and make a list of what she said and find the things that are true.I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered （發(fā)現(xiàn)）that about half of the thin

55、gs were true. Some of them I couldn'改如Onge being very thin）. But there were things Icould and wanted to change. For the first time, I got a clear picture of myself.I brought the list back to Dad. He didn' t take it, ,Thasdid s just 'fYcyoknowthe truth （真相） about yourself better than anyo

56、ne else. When people say something that is true about you, you should find it helpful. ,'Our world is full of people who think they know your matter. Don' t be angry and feel hurt.Listen to them. ?根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（T）誤（F）。36 .was angry because a girl in my class pointed out my problems.（ ）37.1. My father wasn ' t interested in what I sa）d.（38 .found that about half of the things the girl said were true.（ ）39 .was very proud so I didn' t want to change at all.（40 No matter what people say? you should think it helpful.（ ）句型轉(zhuǎn)換（5分）1.1 I have a stomachache.（就畫線部分提問） is you?1.5