首字母填空解題方法大全

1、LOGO首字母填空 第二講&第三講& 第四講判斷詞性、句子成分、句子結(jié)構(gòu)篇 判斷詞性判斷詞性分析句子成分分析句子成分總結(jié)句子結(jié)構(gòu)總結(jié)句子結(jié)構(gòu)名詞名詞考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞考慮其時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及搭配考慮其時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及搭配形容詞形容詞考慮要不要用比較級(jí)或最考慮要不要用比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)，是否需要變成副詞高級(jí)，是否需要變成副詞（快速）通讀全文，檢查拼寫錯(cuò)誤。（快速）通讀全文，檢查拼寫錯(cuò)誤。開胃小菜Many famous people f_ lots of times before they succeeded.1.確定詞性確定詞性2.找出判斷依據(jù)找出判斷依據(jù)3.注意時(shí)態(tài)注意

2、時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞填填succeeded的反義詞的反義詞succeeded是過去式，是過去式，fail也應(yīng)該是也應(yīng)該是failed真相只有一個(gè)：真相只有一個(gè)：你不會(huì)判斷詞性！你不會(huì)判斷詞性！首字母填空題考查的是語篇理解過首字母填空題考查的是語篇理解過程中的分析判斷，句子成分與詞性程中的分析判斷，句子成分與詞性的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，語法結(jié)構(gòu)，詞義辨析的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，語法結(jié)構(gòu)，詞義辨析等全方位的綜合能力。等全方位的綜合能力。所以準(zhǔn)確判斷詞性是做好首填題的所以準(zhǔn)確判斷詞性是做好首填題的一大必備技能。一大必備技能。1動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞（Verbs）2名詞（名詞（Nouns）3形容詞（形容詞（Adjectives) 4副詞（副詞（

3、Adverbs)7介詞（介詞（Prepositions）9 冠詞（冠詞（Articles）8數(shù)詞（數(shù)詞（Numerals）5代詞（代詞（Pronouns)10感嘆詞（感嘆詞（Interjections） 6連詞（連詞（Conjunctions) 實(shí)詞實(shí)詞（實(shí)義詞）（實(shí)義詞）表示完整意表示完整意的詞匯意義的詞匯意義動(dòng)詞v名詞n形容詞 adj副詞adv動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)人或事物的名稱人或事物的特征，修飾名詞動(dòng)作的狀態(tài)或特征，修飾動(dòng)、形、副、全句 虛詞虛詞（功能詞）（功能詞）沒有完整的沒有完整的詞匯意義，詞匯意義，只表示語法只表示語法意義意義助動(dòng)aux代pron. 連詞conj. 介詞prep. 冠詞art

4、. Do,can,many,must,will等，置于主動(dòng)詞之前代替名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞 連接單詞、詞組、分句的邏輯詞 用在名詞性成分（名詞、代詞）之前 在名詞之前，限定所指范圍 數(shù)詞num. 表示數(shù)目（基數(shù)詞）或順序（序數(shù)詞） 感嘆詞int. oh，hello，hi，yeah等 （注：數(shù)詞與感嘆詞介于實(shí)義詞與功能詞兩者之間）（注：數(shù)詞與感嘆詞介于實(shí)義詞與功能詞兩者之間）詞性判斷The doctor looked him over and told him not to e_ meat and sugar.1.去除枝干（包括去除枝干（包括not）2.詞組搭配：詞組搭配：tell sb to do

5、3.通過通過meat and sugar來確定詞性來確定詞性 有有the就填最高級(jí)就填最高級(jí)Tea is the o_ drink in the world.It has 5000 years of history in China.1.判斷詞性判斷詞性2.找出判斷依據(jù)，確定單詞找出判斷依據(jù)，確定單詞3.注意詞形注意詞形形容詞形容詞In the USA，headmasters and teachers discipline(懲罰懲罰) students in many ways. The teacher often w_ to or calls the students parents.1.去

6、除枝干去除枝干The teacher w_ to the parents.2.確定詞性確定詞性動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞3.找出同義詞找出同義詞(解題關(guān)鍵詞解題關(guān)鍵詞) 4.結(jié)束了嗎？說說你的答案！結(jié)束了嗎？說說你的答案！Years ago, mobile phones were rather e_. Only important people and people w_ a lot of money had them.1.注意感情色彩，找出關(guān)鍵詞注意感情色彩，找出關(guān)鍵詞only2.把把important people理解為有權(quán)人，后理解為有權(quán)人，后面就是有錢人。有：面就是有錢人。有：there be（短語），

7、（短語），have/has（動(dòng)詞），（動(dòng)詞），with（介詞）（介詞）These days, the prices have been greatly reduced, and mobile phones come in small size and d_ colors. So more and more people,e_ school students, have them in their hands.1.理解題意，手機(jī)價(jià)格降低，顏色多彩化理解題意，手機(jī)價(jià)格降低，顏色多彩化2.注意感情色彩。主謂賓齊全，注意感情色彩。主謂賓齊全，非介即副非介即副。甚至是甚至是高頻考點(diǎn)：副詞如何確定填副詞，

8、首先要清楚副詞的位置，它的位置如何確定填副詞，首先要清楚副詞的位置，它的位置一般在：一般在： 1）動(dòng)詞，形容詞，地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間狀語前，起強(qiáng)調(diào)）動(dòng)詞，形容詞，地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間狀語前，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用作用 2）動(dòng)詞后修飾，進(jìn)一步說明）動(dòng)詞后修飾，進(jìn)一步說明 3）句前句后表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)）句前句后表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn) 常考的副詞有：表強(qiáng)調(diào)的副詞?？嫉母痹~有：表強(qiáng)調(diào)的副詞only，even，especially，still，also，always，almost，already；表否定的；表否定的 hardly，never，seldom，rarely等；句中用逗號(hào)隔開的等；句中用逗號(hào)隔開的however，句后的，句后的agai

9、n，together，altogether，instead，soon，anywhere等，句中的等，句中的sometimes，usually等。等。He is old e_ for drinking.主系表結(jié)構(gòu)俱全，后面主系表結(jié)構(gòu)俱全，后面for drinking就是就是“浮云浮云”，所以所以e開頭的單詞和開頭的單詞和old 有關(guān)，就是修飾有關(guān)，就是修飾old的副的副詞，填詞，填enough.開掛技巧開掛技巧:凡是看不出是什么詞性的，一般都是副詞。凡是看不出是什么詞性的，一般都是副詞。especially 和evenEspecially：特別是。：特別是。1.強(qiáng)調(diào)，特指。強(qiáng)調(diào)，特指。 2）常表

10、示后面的人或事本應(yīng)怎么）常表示后面的人或事本應(yīng)怎么樣，理所應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么樣樣，理所應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么樣Some young people in the United States,e_ college students,do not go out on traditional days.解析：解析：young people包含包含college students，所以不是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的副詞所以不是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的副詞even，而是，而是especiallyWe shoud give the seat to the people who need it on the bus,e_ for the old. 分析：在公交車

11、上，我們應(yīng)該把作為讓給有需要的分析：在公交車上，我們應(yīng)該把作為讓給有需要的人士，尤其是老人。這里也是強(qiáng)調(diào)，特指老人，人士，尤其是老人。這里也是強(qiáng)調(diào)，特指老人，所以。也可以理解為老人理所應(yīng)當(dāng)享受座位。所以。也可以理解為老人理所應(yīng)當(dāng)享受座位。Even：甚至。：甚至。1.遞進(jìn)關(guān)系遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 2.常表示后面的人或事常表示后面的人或事沒被寄予多大希望而沒被寄予多大希望而“錦上添花錦上添花”，也可能是情，也可能是情況越來越糟況越來越糟“屋漏偏遭連夜雨屋漏偏遭連夜雨”Everyone should do their best to protect environment_ the teenagers.分析：大

12、家都來保護(hù)環(huán)境，還有青少年，屬于分析：大家都來保護(hù)環(huán)境，還有青少年，屬于“錦錦上添花上添花”，有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，那就是，有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，那就是even中考真題練習(xí)【例例1】 Anna was on the diet for two months. Her doctor was pleased with her. “ You have been very good,” he said “ You can eat some of the foods you like best., but only a little. Dont eat too many sweets.If you do, you will

13、get a lot of weight a_. “ But when you eat it, it makes you sick. Its not a good food for you.” “ You are right，” said Frank. “ Well, Ill eat more cake i_.【分析分析】 這兩題填副詞，都在句末，分析句子不缺少主要這兩題填副詞，都在句末，分析句子不缺少主要成分，基本確定填副詞，再略微看一下上下文，腦子里的成分，基本確定填副詞，再略微看一下上下文，腦子里的常用副詞放一遍，確定填常用副詞放一遍，確定填again 及及instead。 【例例2】 S

14、ome people say that reading is out of date（過時(shí)的，（過時(shí)的， 陳舊的）陳舊的） . This is not true. You have to be able to read to use a computer and, the better you read, the better your computer skills will be. Reading is h_ out of date! 【分析分析】 動(dòng)詞前后的副詞不是強(qiáng)調(diào)就是否定，看一動(dòng)詞前后的副詞不是強(qiáng)調(diào)就是否定，看一下句意，確定應(yīng)填否定，下句意，確定應(yīng)填否定，h開頭當(dāng)然是開頭當(dāng)然是ha

15、rdly了。了。 【例例3】 I realized that he was Jack, a friend from my school days in England. At the same time he a_ realized who I was. 【分析分析】 以以a開頭的副詞，同學(xué)們常常不能開頭的副詞，同學(xué)們常常不能很好地確定是很好地確定是also、always還是還是almost。我們不妨先學(xué)習(xí)填。我們不妨先學(xué)習(xí)填also的訣竅：的訣竅：如果本句所述內(nèi)容與上句一致，如此句中如果本句所述內(nèi)容與上句一致，如此句中的動(dòng)作與上句一致，都是的動(dòng)作與上句一致，都是realize，就確定，就確定

16、填填also（也）。（也）。 【例例4】 Have a warm bath- its a great way to relax. But n_ stay in the bathroom too long. More than twenty minutes and you will lose all your energy. 【分析分析】 此處需填的副詞很多同學(xué)都填錯(cuò)為此處需填的副詞很多同學(xué)都填錯(cuò)為not，就是沒有掌握好基本規(guī)則，就是沒有掌握好基本規(guī)則，動(dòng)詞前用動(dòng)詞前用副詞副詞never、not必須與助動(dòng)詞連用，而必須與助動(dòng)詞連用，而no后必須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。后必須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。1. 實(shí)詞，就

17、要注意名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)詞實(shí)詞，就要注意名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)，形容詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)，形容詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí)和副詞形式；和副詞形式；2.如果是介詞，要注意前后相關(guān)的詞組；如果是介詞，要注意前后相關(guān)的詞組；3.如果是副詞，要注意感情色彩，結(jié)合上如果是副詞，要注意感情色彩，結(jié)合上下文判斷句子語氣，選擇貼切副詞。下文判斷句子語氣，選擇貼切副詞。正餐開吃Mr. Wu is getting old. He is l_ the school soon. The s_ in his class have given h_ a lot of p_. Among t_ are cards, no

18、te-books, photos and books. Most of the cards are m_ by the students themselves. Photos will h_ Mr. Wu remember the happy t_ when he was with his students. Next week, t_ will have a p_ to s _ goodbye to him. 分析：通讀短文以后發(fā)現(xiàn)分析：通讀短文以后發(fā)現(xiàn)Mr. Wu 是一位老師是一位老師.。從。從old 可推斷他不久要退休了可推斷他不久要退休了“ l_” 應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞 leavi

19、ng ; “s_” 是第三句的主語是第三句的主語, 結(jié)合結(jié)合 have 判斷為判斷為 students; “ h_ 是是give 的賓語的賓語, 判斷為判斷為him ; “ p_” 的內(nèi)容是的內(nèi)容是 cards, note-books , 所以判斷為名詞所以判斷為名詞presents; “ t_” 是介詞是介詞among 的賓語的賓語, 應(yīng)為應(yīng)為them ; “ m_” 處于處于be done by 的結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)中, 應(yīng)為過去分詞應(yīng)為過去分詞made; “h_” 位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will 之后之后, 應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形help; “t_” 是是remember 的賓語的賓語,

20、并且受到并且受到happy 的修飾應(yīng)為的修飾應(yīng)為 time “t_” 是主語是主語, 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞 teachers / they; “p_” 是是have的賓語的賓語, 前面有冠詞前面有冠詞, 所以是名詞所以是名詞party “s_” 前有前有 to, 分析成分為目的狀語分析成分為目的狀語 to do 即即 to say Years ago, mobile phones were rather e_1_. Only important people and people w_2_ a lot of money had them. These days, the prices have

21、 been greatly reduced, and mobile phones come in small size and d_3_ colors. So more and more people,_4_ school students, have them in their hands.It is t_5_ that it is an easy way to keep in touych with friends at any time and in any places.But in places like clssrooms,movie theatred and museums,wh

22、ere everyone should be quiet or talk in a low v_6_,we can also hear mobile phones ringing.Some drivers have accidents for using mobile phones while d_7_.W_8_ of all,some studenys who cant p_9_ their phone bills do something illegal(不合法的) to get the money.So,are mobile phones r_10_ a good thing?5.tru

23、e 6.voice 7.driving 8.worst 9. pay 10. reallyPART 02句子成分篇例句例句:v I】【played】a【red】【basketball】【yesterday in the house】 主 謂 定 賓 狀I(lǐng)是主語，發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人或物。 play是謂語，就是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞包括行為動(dòng)詞如play,go,listen就是一個(gè)動(dòng)作，還包括be動(dòng)詞即am is are been basketball就是賓語，賓語就是行為動(dòng)詞后面的那個(gè)詞（就是動(dòng)作的承受者） yesterday是時(shí)間狀語，in the house 是地點(diǎn)狀語狀語可以表結(jié)果，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，狀態(tài)，原

24、因，目的red按詞性劃分是形容詞，按句子成分劃分就是定語，修飾baskeball句子是由詞按照一定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)組成的。組句子是由詞按照一定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)組成的。組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子的成分。成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括：主語、謂語、表語、賓語句子的成分包括：主語、謂語、表語、賓語（直接和間接賓語）、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語（直接和間接賓語）、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。和狀語。主語和謂語是句子的主體部分主語和謂語是句子的主體部分.表語、賓語和表語、賓語和賓語的補(bǔ)足語是謂語里的組成部分。其他賓語的補(bǔ)足語是謂語里的組成部分。其他成份如定語和狀語是句子的次要成分。成份如定語和狀語是句子的次要成分

25、。一、主語（subject）: 句子說明的人或事物。大多數(shù)主語都在句首。The sun rises in the east. (名詞名詞)He likes dancing. (代詞代詞)Twenty years is a short time in history. (數(shù)詞數(shù)詞)Seeing is believing. (動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞)To see is to believe. (不定式不定式)What he needs is a book. (主語從句主語從句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(

26、It形式主語，主語從句是真正主語形式主語，主語從句是真正主語)(1) 對(duì)主語的判斷對(duì)主語的判斷 1. _ are helpful to students. ( teach ) 2. _ is more important to me than money. ( healthy ) 3. Some famous _ are going to give lectures in our school in August. ( science) 4. _ is my favourite sport. ( fish ) 5. _ stamps is my hobby. ( collect ) Key:

27、1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting 分析：主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，詞性主要為名詞與代詞（分析：主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，詞性主要為名詞與代詞（1-題）；題）；動(dòng)詞不能直接用作主語，必須轉(zhuǎn)化成其對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞或動(dòng)詞不能直接用作主語，必須轉(zhuǎn)化成其對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞或doing（、）。（、）。二、謂語（二、謂語（predicate）:說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。謂語時(shí)用來說明主語和特征。謂語時(shí)用來說明主語“做什么做什么”、“是是什么什么”或或“怎么樣怎么樣”，謂語必須是動(dòng)詞，謂語和，謂語必須是動(dòng)詞，謂語和主語在主語在

28、“人稱人稱”和和“數(shù)數(shù)”兩方面必須一致。如：兩方面必須一致。如：He can speak German.We study English.He fell asleep.(2) 對(duì)謂語的判斷 John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c_ over to him. “My boy,” she a_, “Is your father at home?” “Yes,” a_ John. The woman began r_ the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. A

29、t last she t_ back to John and s_ angrily, “Didnt you s_ that your father was at home?” “I did”, answered John, “but this i_ my house.” Key: came asked answered ringing turned said say isnt 分析：語篇中的所缺字除分析：語篇中的所缺字除ringing以外均為謂語動(dòng)詞。以外均為謂語動(dòng)詞。謂語是句子所表示的動(dòng)作，詞性只能是動(dòng)詞，在句子中不能缺。謂語是句子所表示的動(dòng)作，詞性只能是動(dòng)詞，在句子中不能缺。當(dāng)一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

30、中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或以上動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還要判斷他們之間的相當(dāng)一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或以上動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還要判斷他們之間的相互關(guān)系，對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞或非謂語動(dòng)詞的判斷只有在熟練掌握相關(guān)知識(shí)的互關(guān)系，對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞或非謂語動(dòng)詞的判斷只有在熟練掌握相關(guān)知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上，才能作出正確的判斷。多做用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空有助于對(duì)基礎(chǔ)上，才能作出正確的判斷。多做用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空有助于對(duì)動(dòng)詞形式的判斷。動(dòng)詞形式的判斷。 begin to do和和begin doing可以互換，但在以下可以互換，但在以下三種情況下，用三種情況下，用to do: （1）. 主語不是指人，而是主語不是指人，而是it等。如等。如:It began to r

31、ain. （2）. begin后接表示心理活動(dòng)的詞。如后接表示心理活動(dòng)的詞。如:begin to know ， believe， wonder， think等。等。 （3）. begin本身是本身是ing形式，為避免重復(fù)后接形式，為避免重復(fù)后接to do 即即beginning to do三、表語（三、表語（predicative）:表語說明主語表語說明主語“是什是什么么”或或“怎么樣怎么樣”，由名詞、形容詞、介詞、副，由名詞、形容詞、介詞、副詞、不定式及相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語來充當(dāng)，它詞、不定式及相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語來充當(dāng)，它的位置于系動(dòng)詞后面的位置于系動(dòng)詞后面 。形容詞作表語形容詞作表語 Y

32、ou look younger than before.名詞作表語名詞作表語 My father is a teacher.副詞作表語副詞作表語 Everyone is here.介詞短語作表語介詞短語作表語 They are at the theatre.不定式作表語不定式作表語 My job is to teach them English.動(dòng)名詞作表語動(dòng)名詞作表語 Her job is training the nurses.從句作表語從句作表語 That is why he didnt come to school yesterday.常見的系動(dòng)詞有常見的系動(dòng)詞有: be, sound

33、(聽起來聽起來)， look(看起來看起來)， feel(摸起來摸起來)，smell(聞起來聞起來)，taste(嘗、吃起來嘗、吃起來)， remain(保持，仍是保持，仍是)， feel(感覺感覺) .It sounds a good idea.The sound sounds strange.Her voice sounds sweet.Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious.The food tastes good.The door remains open.Now I feel tired.(3) 對(duì)表語的判斷 1.It is _ for an

34、 ordinary plane to fly to the moon. ( possible) 2. The sick man is getting _. ( ill ) 3. Petter is going to be a(n) _ when he grows up.(engine) 4. Such cold weather is quite _ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again. （ usually ） 5. Its a _ to have a picnic with all the members. （please ）

35、Key: 1. impossible 2. worse 3. engineer 4. unusual 5. pleasure 分析：表語是連系動(dòng)詞后接的成分。詞性主要為形容詞，名詞分析：表語是連系動(dòng)詞后接的成分。詞性主要為形容詞，名詞, 介詞短語。動(dòng)詞必須改成介詞短語。動(dòng)詞必須改成 to do ,doing 或或 done 的形式。的形式。 三、賓語1)動(dòng)作的承受者動(dòng)作的承受者動(dòng)賓動(dòng)賓I like China. (名詞名詞)He hates you. (代詞代詞)How many do you need? We need two. (數(shù)詞數(shù)詞)I enjoy working with you.

36、 (動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞)I hope to see you again. (不定式不定式)Did you write down what he said? (賓語從賓語從句句)2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞介賓介賓Are you afraid of the snake?Under the snow, there are many rocks.3) 雙賓語雙賓語間賓間賓(指人指人)和直賓和直賓(指物指物)He gave me a book yesterday.Give the poor man some money.(3) 對(duì)賓語的判斷 1. Mr. Chen was sur

37、prised to see the fast _ in Shanghaiafter his long absence from the city. ( develop ) 2. Thank you for your _. ( kind ) 3. At last he sold his _. ( invent ) Key: 1. development 2. kindness 3. invention 分析：賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者，分動(dòng)詞賓語與介詞賓語兩種。分析：賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者，分動(dòng)詞賓語與介詞賓語兩種。賓語的詞性同主語的詞性一樣，代詞作賓語時(shí)必須用其賓賓語的詞性同主語的詞性一樣，代詞作賓語時(shí)必

38、須用其賓格。格。 四、賓補(bǔ)：對(duì)賓語的補(bǔ)充，全稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。我們把“賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語”合起來稱為復(fù)合賓語復(fù)合賓語。名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞都可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語. We elected him monitor. (名詞名詞)We will make them happy. (形容詞形容詞)We found nobody in. (副詞副詞)Please make yourself at home. (介詞短語介詞短語)Dont let him do that. (省省to不定式不定式)His father advised him to teach the laz

39、y boy a lesson. (帶帶to不定式不定式)Dont keep the lights burning. (現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)Ill have my bike repaired. (過去分詞過去分詞)五、主補(bǔ)：對(duì)主語的補(bǔ)充。對(duì)主語的補(bǔ)充。He was elected monitor.She was found singing in the next room.六、定語：定語用來修飾名詞或代詞。形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語、不定式或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞(過去分詞)或短語等都可以充當(dāng)定語。Amy is a chemistry teacher.(名詞名詞)He is our friend

40、. (代詞代詞)We belong to the third world. (數(shù)詞數(shù)詞)He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容詞形容詞)The man over there is my old friend.(副詞副詞)The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介詞介詞)The boys playing football are in Class 2. (現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)The trees planted last year are growing well now. (過去過

41、去分詞分詞)I have an idea to do it well. (不定式不定式)You should do everything that I do. (定語從句定語從句)(6) 對(duì)定語的判斷 1. The _ exams usually take place at the end of June. ( finally) 2. On a _ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. ( clearly) 3. This is an _book. (interest) 4. The French artist said, “ it

42、 is my _ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much. ( one ) 5. The book _ by Luxun is very famous. ( write ) 6. Its a _ day ,ist it ? ( sun) Key: (1) final (2) clear (3) interesting (4) first (5) written (6) sunny 分析分析:：定語是修飾名詞與代詞的成分。詞性以形容詞，序數(shù)詞，介詞短：定語是修飾名詞與代詞的成分。詞性以形容詞，序數(shù)詞，介詞短語為主。名詞修飾名詞說明后面名稱

43、的性能或用途。如：語為主。名詞修飾名詞說明后面名稱的性能或用途。如：stamp show / physics teacher。 動(dòng)詞必須變形為：動(dòng)詞必須變形為：to do, doing 或或done 的形式。的形式。 七、狀語：狀語用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。狀語一般放七、狀語：狀語用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。狀語一般放在句末，但有時(shí)也可以放在句首、句中。在句末，但有時(shí)也可以放在句首、句中。 I will go there tomorrow.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.The meat went bad because of the

44、 hot weather.He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam.If you study hard, you will pass the exam.He goes to school by bike.Though he is young, he can do it well.(7) 對(duì)狀語的判斷 1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so _ (easy) 2. Watch _ , and you will

45、 find the difference between the two pictures. ( care ) 3. After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed _ at last. ( safe ) Key : (1) easily (2) carefully (3) safely 狀語：說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，方式，目的，結(jié)狀語：說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，方式，目的，結(jié)果，條件，伴隨情況的成分。果，條件，伴隨情況的成分。 詞性以副詞為主，也可以是介詞短語，動(dòng)詞必須變形為詞性以副詞為主

46、，也可以是介詞短語，動(dòng)詞必須變形為to do, doing 或或done 。 Dreams may be more important than sleep. Some people dont need much sleep. H_(1)_, we all need to dream according to the scientists. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams e_(2)_ night. Dreams are like short films. The

47、y are usually in color. Some dreams are l_(3)_ old films. They come to us over and again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something.（1）通過這個(gè)空格，大家很容易判斷在逗號(hào)前常出現(xiàn)的就是轉(zhuǎn)折副詞）通過這個(gè)空格，大家很容易判斷在逗號(hào)前常出現(xiàn)的就是轉(zhuǎn)折副詞However然而，我們?cè)趯⒔Y(jié)合上下句意思進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，一些人不需要太多的然而，我們?cè)趯⒔Y(jié)合上下句意思進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，一些人不需要太多的睡眠。然而，根據(jù)科學(xué)家所說，我們都需要做夢(mèng)。前后句子的

48、關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)睡眠。然而，根據(jù)科學(xué)家所說，我們都需要做夢(mèng)。前后句子的關(guān)系是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。系。（2）從句子成分而言，）從句子成分而言，e_ night在句子中做時(shí)間狀語，從詞性來講，在句子中做時(shí)間狀語，從詞性來講，night是跟名詞，前應(yīng)用形容詞來修飾，所以此處應(yīng)該填的是是跟名詞，前應(yīng)用形容詞來修飾，所以此處應(yīng)該填的是every（3）在句子成分中，此處要不做的是狀語，要不做的就是表語，若做表語（）在句子成分中，此處要不做的是狀語，要不做的就是表語，若做表語（3）處填的就應(yīng)該是一個(gè)形容詞或者名詞，但是從整句句意來看，（處填的就應(yīng)該是一個(gè)形容詞或者名詞，但是從整句句意來看，（3）應(yīng)該填的）應(yīng)該填的是介詞，

49、在整句句子中作狀語，表示的意思為一些夢(mèng)就像是老電影是介詞，在整句句子中作狀語，表示的意思為一些夢(mèng)就像是老電影Dreaming may be a w_(4)_ of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They could have been t_(5)_ about their work all day. Then these things go into their dreams.4）a冠詞后面往往跟的是名詞短語，而在（冠詞后面往往跟的是名詞短語，而在（4）有介詞）

50、有介詞of，所以（所以（4）填的是一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合整句句子來看，做夢(mèng)也）填的是一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合整句句子來看，做夢(mèng)也許是嘗試找到一個(gè)答案的方法許是嘗試找到一個(gè)答案的方法（5）have been t_，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中很容易看出是一，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中很容易看出是一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)，在個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)，在be動(dòng)詞后如果跟現(xiàn)在分詞表示進(jìn)行，動(dòng)詞后如果跟現(xiàn)在分詞表示進(jìn)行，如果如果be動(dòng)詞后跟過去分詞，則表示被動(dòng)，從此處來看不動(dòng)詞后跟過去分詞，則表示被動(dòng)，從此處來看不存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞thinking，整，整句話的意思為他們卻不能一整天在談?wù)撍麄兊墓ぷ骶湓挼囊馑紴樗麄儏s不能一

51、整天在談?wù)撍麄兊墓ぷ?Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we cant remember the dream. Dreams can d_(6)_ quickly from memory.Too much dreaming isnt good. The m_(7)_ we sleep, the longer we dream. Our mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still

52、wake up tired.Key：1. However 2. every 3. like 4. way 5. thinking 6. disappear 7. more（6）在）在can情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后應(yīng)該跟動(dòng)詞原形，所以（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后應(yīng)該跟動(dòng)詞原形，所以（6）應(yīng)該）應(yīng)該填的是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，從整句話中可以看出，夢(mèng)能夠從記憶中填的是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，從整句話中可以看出，夢(mèng)能夠從記憶中快速消失，所以用快速消失，所以用disappear（7）此句中用了一個(gè)）此句中用了一個(gè)the+比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)的結(jié)構(gòu)，比較級(jí)的結(jié)構(gòu)，從后一句來看從后一句來看longer是副詞的比較級(jí)，所以前者應(yīng)該也用是副詞的比較級(jí)，

53、所以前者應(yīng)該也用副詞的比較級(jí)，整句句意表示為我們睡的越多，我們做夢(mèng)副詞的比較級(jí)，整句句意表示為我們睡的越多，我們做夢(mèng)的時(shí)間就越長，所以此處填的時(shí)間就越長，所以此處填more Dreams may be more important than sleep. Some people dont need much sleep. However(1), we all need to dream according to the scientists. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several d

54、reams every (2) night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in color. Some dreams are like (3) old films. They come to us over and again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way (4) of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their

55、 work from dreams. They could have been thinking (5) about their work all day. Then these things go into their dreams. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we cant remember the dream. Dreams can disappear (6) quickly from memory.Too much dreaming isnt good. The more(7)we

56、sleep, the longer we dream. Our mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.PART 03句子結(jié)構(gòu)篇 基本句型是句子結(jié)構(gòu)的幾種基本句型是句子結(jié)構(gòu)的幾種基本格局基本格局，也，也是千變?nèi)f化的句子的是千變?nèi)f化的句子的結(jié)構(gòu)雛形結(jié)構(gòu)雛形。這五種基。這五種基本句型十分重要，正是這些有限的基本結(jié)本句型十分重要，正是這些有限的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換形式衍生出了無限的實(shí)際使用構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換形式衍生出了無限的實(shí)際使用中的句子。中的句子。 一、句型一、句型1： Subject (主語主語) + Verb (謂語謂語)這種句型中的動(dòng)詞大多是不及物動(dòng)詞，所謂不及物動(dòng)這種句型中的動(dòng)詞大多是不及物動(dòng)詞，所謂不及物動(dòng)詞，就是這種動(dòng)詞后不可以直接接賓語。常見的動(dòng)詞，就是這種動(dòng)詞后不可以直接接賓語。常見的動(dòng)詞如：詞如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：等。如：The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午發(fā)生的。事故是昨天下午發(fā)生