LIN_技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)介

1、2021-12-131LIN 技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)介2021-12-132|What is LIN?|Why do we use LIN?|Where?|Scheme and product Application|LIN vs CAN|LIN Protocol Overview LIN Frame Structure LIN Message Transmit LIN Physical Interface一 LIN 技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)介2021-12-133v一、一、What is LIN?vLIN (Local Interconnect Network),局部互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，是一種低成本的串行通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，用于實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車中的分布

2、式電子系統(tǒng)控制。vLIN 的目標(biāo)是為現(xiàn)有汽車網(wǎng)絡(luò)(例如CAN 總線)提供輔助功能，因此LIN總線是一種輔助的總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)，在不需要CAN 總線的帶寬和多功能的場(chǎng)合比如智能傳感器和制動(dòng)裝置之間的通訊，不需調(diào)整通訊的車身舒適系統(tǒng)等場(chǎng)合，使用LIN 總線可大大節(jié)省成本.vLIN技術(shù)規(guī)范中，除定義了基本協(xié)議和物理層外，還定義了開發(fā)工具和應(yīng)用軟件接口。vLIN 通訊是基于SCI(UART)數(shù)據(jù)格式，采用單主控制器/多從設(shè)備的模式，僅使用一根12V 信號(hào)總線，和一個(gè)無(wú)固定時(shí)間基準(zhǔn)的節(jié)點(diǎn)同步時(shí)鐘線。v這種低成本的串行通訊模式和相應(yīng)的開發(fā)環(huán)境已經(jīng)由LIN 協(xié)會(huì)制定成標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (如今, 已有對(duì)應(yīng)ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)了).vLIN

3、的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化將為汽車制造商以及供應(yīng)商在研發(fā)應(yīng)用,操作系統(tǒng)降低成本.2021-12-134vLIN的主要特性: 低成本，基于通用UART接口，幾乎所有微控制器都具備LIN必需的硬件； 極少的信號(hào)線即可實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ISO9141規(guī)定； 傳輸速率最高可達(dá)20kbit/s； v單主控器/多從設(shè)備模式，無(wú)需仲裁機(jī)制； 從節(jié)點(diǎn)不需晶振或陶瓷震蕩器就能實(shí)現(xiàn)自同步，節(jié)省了從設(shè)備的硬件成本； 保證信號(hào)傳輸?shù)难舆t時(shí)間； v不需要改變LIN從節(jié)點(diǎn)的硬件和軟件就可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上增加節(jié)點(diǎn)； 通常一個(gè)LIN網(wǎng)絡(luò)上節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)目小于12個(gè)，共有64個(gè)標(biāo)志符。WHAT?2021-12-135二、二、WHY?Speed bit/sBytef

4、lightoptical busLINmaster-slavesingle wire busno quartzCAN-Bevent triggeredfault tolerantdual wireCAN-Cevent triggereddual wireTTx (in definition) time triggeredfault tol, dependable2x2 wire25.6M20K2M1M125Kincremental cost per node $D2B, MOSTtoken ringoptical bus124.510LIN fits in at the low end of

5、in car multiplexing, making a LIN system a cost effective solution 2021-12-136WHERE? 三、LIN的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合 典型的LIN 總線應(yīng)用是汽車中的聯(lián)合裝配單元，如門、方向盤、座椅、空調(diào)、照明燈、濕度傳感器、電機(jī)等，對(duì)于這些成本比較敏感的單元LIN 可以使那些機(jī)械元件如智能傳感器、制動(dòng)器或光敏器件得到較廣泛的使用、這些元件可以很容易的連接到汽車網(wǎng)絡(luò)中。并得到十分方便的維護(hù)和服務(wù)。 在LIN 實(shí)現(xiàn)的系統(tǒng)中通常將模擬信號(hào)量用數(shù)字信號(hào)量所替換，這將使總線性能優(yōu)化。2021-12-137v在以下的汽車電子控制系統(tǒng)中使用LIN

6、來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)將得到非常完美的效果v 1.車頂（ 濕度傳感器、光敏傳感器、信號(hào)燈控制、雨滴傳感器、天窗）v2.車門（車窗玻璃、中樞鎖、車窗玻璃、后視鏡、面板）v3.車頭、車尾（傳感器、電子扇、燈組件）v4.車內(nèi)（組合開關(guān)、雨刷電機(jī)、無(wú)線電、空調(diào)、國(guó)內(nèi)照明等）v5.座椅（ 座椅電機(jī)、轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器、面板）WHERE?2021-12-138Motorolas schemeCANCANPower TrainLightSub-BusITSWindow LiftInteriorLightLockMirrorLockMirrorLockLockSeatHtngSeatHtngInstrumentsCentralBod

7、y CtrlClimateUniversal MotorUniversal PanelLightRoof1 backbone, 13 nodes8 subnets, 1-8 local nodes52 nodes totalSt-Wheel Panelx6HtngHtngSeatWiperTrunkWHtgUniversal Light2021-12-139 Door/window/seat: Mirror,Central ECU, Switch, Window Lift,Seat Control Switch,Door Lock, etc.Roof:(high amount of wirin

8、g)Rain Sensor, Light Sensor, Light Control, Sun Roof (Rain Sensor needs to be interrogated every 10-20ms)Seat:many Seat Position Motors,Occupancy Sensor,Control PanelSteering Wheel:(very many controls are going to be positioned on the steering wheel)Cruise Control, Wiper,Turning Light, Optional: Cli

9、mate Control, Radio, Telephone, etc.Climate: many Small MotorsControl PanelLight:Beam, Fog light, Flash Light2021-12-131010電子扇噴水雨刮器Steering wheelECUControl LineLIN BUSCAN BUS轉(zhuǎn)向燈遠(yuǎn) 燈近 燈霧 燈轉(zhuǎn)向燈遠(yuǎn) 燈近 燈霧 燈CAN總線LIN總線LIN總線倒車燈剎車燈夜 燈轉(zhuǎn)向燈剎車燈夜 燈轉(zhuǎn)向燈倒車燈線束面板中控單元牌照燈電源線2021-12-1311ECU & GatewayCANSCISatellite 1SCI

10、Satellite 2LIN phys IFSCILIN phys IFSatellite 3SCILIN phys IFSatellite 4SCILIN phys IFLIN phys IFECU & GatewayCANSatellite 1Satellite 2Satellite 3Satellite 4CANCANCANCANLINCAN-BCost Factors:CAN ModuleDual Wire Interface Crystal 5V supply for bus 2nd Wire / ConnectorCAN phys IFCAN phys IFCAN phys

11、 IFCAN phys IFCAN phys IFCANphysIF5V5V5V5V5V5VCAN-CCAN-B 2021-12-1312LIN CAN媒體訪問控制 單主機(jī)多主機(jī)總線速率(kbps)2.419.662500標(biāo)識(shí)符長(zhǎng)度6位標(biāo)準(zhǔn)幀11位擴(kuò)展幀29位網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù) 214220編碼方式 NRZ 8NRZ W/位添充 每幀數(shù)據(jù)字節(jié) 18 BYTE18 BYTE錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)8位經(jīng)典/擴(kuò)展校驗(yàn)和15位循環(huán)冗余碼校驗(yàn)總線最大長(zhǎng)度40米40米物理層單線差分, 雙絞線晶體振蕩器精度要求1.5%較高0.5%LIN和CAN協(xié)議在車身應(yīng)用中的主要特性比較 2021-12-1313LIN Protocol Ve

12、rsionDaimler-ChryslerAUDIVWVolvoBMWLINSpecVCTConsortium formed in 1998.Five Car manufacturersONE Semiconductor Supplier (Motorola)One tool Supplier (VCT)Version LIN1.0 is issued on 01/07/99Version LIN1.1 is issued on 06/03/00Version LIN1.2 is issued on 17/11/00Version LIN1.3 is issued on 13/12/02Ver

13、sion LIN2.0 is issued on 16/09/03Version LIN2.1 is issued on 24/11/06Version LIN2.2 is issued on 31/12/10Open Specification.LIN2.0 is a superset of LIN1.3. New features:Enhanced checksum,Reconfiguration and diagnosticsAutomatic baud rate detectionResponse_error status monitoringhttp:/www.lin-subbus.

14、org 2021-12-1314The LIN Steering Group would like to inform you that it has concluded its work with the finalization of the LIN Specification 2.2.A.Currently the latest LIN specification is being transcribed to the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) as part of the process to be acc

15、epted as ISO standard ISO 17987 Part 1-7. The LIN Supplier ID maintenance will be handled by Mr. Lawlis (LIN ISO Task Force Leader). /2021-12-1315LIN Standard - OverviewSoftwareLevelHardwareLevelECU(LIN relevant functions only)Operating SystemBus TransceiverApplicationCommunication

16、ManagerVehicle NetworkLIN API SpecificationLIN Protocol SpecificationLIN Physical Layer Spec.LIN Config. LanguageLIN Conformance Test SpecificationLIN Diagnostic & Configuration Spec.Interface between net and application programBit rate, clock tolerances ,etcData link layerProvide diagnostic msg

17、s and node config.2021-12-1316LIN Message Frame0 to 8 data fieldschecksummessage responsemessage headersynch break13 dominant bitSynchronizationBreak fieldsynch fieldSynchronization field0 x55identifierIdentifier FieldMessage2021-12-1317Data TransmissiontimeMaster TasktimeSlave Tasknext synch fieldi

18、nter-framespacingsynchfield2 byte1 byteresponse spacingidentifierfieldblock paritydatamaster control unitslave taskmaster taskslave control unitslave taskslave control unitslave taskpolling13 bitBreak0 x55Next 13 bit break18LIN Communication - Data from Slave to Masterdata bytedata bytechecksumsynch

19、 field identifier synch break Slave NodeSlave Task TransSlave Task RecMaster NodeLIN Master TaskSlave Task TransSlave Task Recquartz Single-master / multi-slave protocol Time triggered, no arbitration Identifier denotes message content, not physical address Multicast messages Baud rate synchronization through protocol Power saving sleep mode2021-12-1319LIN Communication - Data from Slave to SlaveSlave Node ASlave Task TransSlave Task RecSlave Node BSlave Task TransSlave Ta